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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A urinary test strip for amylase (Rapignost-Amylase) was compared with plasma amylase assay in samples of urine and plasma collected on the day of admission to hospital from 23 patients with acute pancreatitis and 38 patients with other causes of acute abdominal pain. Plasma amylase was greater than 1200 IU/l in 24 patients (23 with pancreatitis and 1 with a perforated duodenal ulcer) and all were Rapignost-Amylase positive. Twenty-nine of the remaining patients were Rapignost-Amylase negative, but there were eight "false positives' with plasma amylase levels of 86-474 IU/l. The Rapignost-Amylase test is of potential value to screen for clinically occult acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:A simple screening test for acute pancreatitis. 620 66

A Pakistani girl presented with acute abdominal pain and raised serum amylase and alkaline phosphatase concentrations. She was found to have a gastric trichobezoar with a tail extending to the mid-ileum. The altered biochemical parameters returned to normal after surgical removal of the bezoar. Irritation of ampulla of Vater by the bezoar tail is believed to have caused transient pancreatitis.
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PMID:Gastric trichobezoar associated with transient pancreatitis. 649 39

Only five patients with clinically apparent noncaseating granulomatous pancreatitis have been recorded, so far as we can tell. We describe a patient with noncaseating granulomas confined to the pancreas who developed obstructive jaundice and acute abdominal pain.
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PMID:Isolated granulomatous pancreatitis. 669 95

A 40-year-old woman presented with acute epigastric pain with vomiting. Within 24 hours, the pain spread to the right periumbilical region. Tc-99m disofenin hepatobiliary scan failed to demonstrate the gallbladder on a 60-minute view. The presumative diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was thought to be confirmed on this basis by the patient's physicians. However, a 75-minute view demonstrated filling of the gallbladder. In hepatobiliary scanning for acute abdominal pain, delayed views (2 to 24 hours) are recommended when the gallbladder is not visualized on the 60-minute view. If the gallbladder is visualized, cystic duct obstruction can be excluded and diagnoses such as pancreatitis, acalculous cholecystitis, and acute appendicitis should be investigated.
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PMID:Hepatobiliary scan with delayed gallbladder visualization in a case of acute appendicitis. 720 Aug 46

We report a fatal case of haemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis in a 15-year-old mentally retarded epileptic male who had been taking sodium valproate (VPA) in the recommended dosage for one and a half years. The patient was admitted to hospital because of acute abdominal pain, with nausea and vomiting. Serum amylase was 609 U/l (normal range 100-360 U/l). Two exploratory laparotomies were performed. The second revealed haemorrhagic pancreatitis with areas of necrosis. VPA therapy was discontinued after the second laparotomy, but the patient died 25 days after admission. Autopsy showed extensive haemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis. Non-specific vomiting and abdominal pain occur frequently during VPA therapy, but VPA-related pancreatitis should be considered when there is severe abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting. Awareness of this problem and early discontinuation of VPA therapy may prevent serious reactions.
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PMID:[Fatal pancreatitis associated with valproate therapy]. 764 93

A 45-yr-old male patient developed acute abdominal pain, ileus, and microscopic hematuria with biochemical evidence of pancreatitis and a marked increase in liver alkaline phosphatase; CT demonstrated swelling of the pancreas, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage, and a suggestion of renal hemorrhage. ERCP was negative and renal arterial and venous blood flow normal. A coagulation profile demonstrated the presence of lupus anticoagulant, but tests for anticardiolipin antibodies and collagen vascular diseases were negative. Treatment with corticosteroids and anticoagulation resulted in improvement in clinical and all biochemical indices. Thus, lupus anticoagulant syndrome may masquerade as an acute abdominal illness with multiorgan involvement.
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PMID:Lupus anticoagulant masquerading as an acute abdomen with multiorgan involvement. 773 97

There are increasing challenges for the practising gastroenterologist in treating AIDS-related gastrointestinal diseases. The differential diagnoses of dysphagia and odynophagia include cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, non-specific aphthous ulceration and non-AIDS oesophageal diseases, especially reflux oesophagitis. Chronic subacute abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, early satiety and weight loss is suggestive of an obstructive lesion caused by lymphoma or Kaposi's sarcoma. Severe acute abdominal pain can indicate pancreatitis or intestinal perforation due to cytomegalovirus. Right upper quadrant pain (with or without fever, vomiting or abnormal liver function tests with a cholestatic profile) is suggestive of hepatobiliary pathology including cholecystitis, cholangitis, acalculous cholecystitis and AIDS cholangiopathy. Diarrhoea is the most common gastrointestinal symptom of AIDS, affecting 50-90% of patients. Causes of AIDS diarrhoea include protozoa (Cryptosporidium parvum, Isospora belli, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Septata intestinalis, Cyclospora spp, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia), bacteria (Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, Clostridium difficile, Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter jejuni), and viruses (CMV, HSV and possibly HIV). Chronic diarrhoea, malnutrition and weight loss can shorten the life-span of patients with AIDS. Elemental diets, isotonic formulas, medium chain triglycerides and total parenteral nutrition have been tried with little success in AIDS patients with severe diarrhoea and wasting.
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PMID:AIDS and the gut. 805 32

In addition to plain X-ray of the abdomen, ultrasonography has proven to be an accurate complementary imaging method in acute abdominal disorders. It may furnish not only additional information but also the final diagnosis in many cases (i.e. acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis and gynecological diseases). Ultrasound is the method of first choice especially in children, adolescents, young women and when inflammation appears to be the reason for acute abdominal pain. In this paper, the main indications for ultrasound in acute abdominal diseases are pointed out. The most common diseases are shown with their typical ultrasound appearances in short overviews. Particular reference is made to a critical approach, emphasizing relevant further investigations.
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PMID:[Ultrasound diagnosis of the acute abdomen]. 811 94

Afferent loop obstruction after gastrectomy and Billroth II gastrojejunostomy is only rarely diagnosed as the cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Three patients are described in whom afferent loop stricture after gastrectomy and Billroth II reconstruction manifested as recurrent pancreatitis 13 to 24 years after the initial procedure. Late onset, nonspecific symptoms, and other simultaneous gastrointestinal pathologic features promoted a chronic clinical course in all patients. Symptoms included acute abdominal pain, vomiting, jaundice, hyperamylasemia, weight loss, and anemia. A thorough history, barium examination, cholescintigraphy, and endoscopy were central in establishing the diagnosis. The pathogenesis of stricture formation is thought to be ischemic mucosal damage from intestinal crossclamping. Surgical decompression provided lasting relief of the symptoms. Afferent loop stricture should be considered in the different diagnosis in patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis and previous gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction.
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PMID:Recurrent acute pancreatitis caused by afferent loop stricture after gastrectomy. 910 71

The acute pancreatitis is still serious diagnostic and therapeutic problem. In spite of many experiments there are no satisfactory methods of the treatment of this disease. Usually, it is diagnosed clinically by acute abdominal pain and increased pancreatic enzymes in blood and urine. The main disorder of this disease is the necrosis of the pancreatic gland. The aim of our investigations was the evaluation of effect of necrolytic enzymes on the course of acute experimental pancreatitis. Fibrolan was used. Fibrolan (Parke-Davis) is a preparation, which has necrolytic properties. It consists of two bovine enzymes: fibrinolysin and deoxyribonuclease. The examinations were carried out on 380 Wistar rats. The acute pancreatitis was induced by retrograde injection of 0.1 ml/0.1 kg body weight of 3% sodium taurocholate solution into the pancreatic duct as previously described by other authors. The experimental animals were divided into four groups: K0-control group (healthy animals), KP-animals with acute experimental pancreatitis without medication, S-rats with acute experimental pancreatitis, which were treated with 0.9% NaCl solution, and F-animals with acute experimental pancreatitis treated with Fibrolan. Fibrolan and 0.9% NaCl were injected into the peritoneal cavity three times a day with eight hours intervals from the 24th experimental hour. The serum amylase and lipase activities and the amylase activity in the urine were determined in each animal group in the 24th, 48th, 72nd, 96th, 120th, 144th experimental hour. For histopathological analysis pancreatic tissue samples were taken from the pancreatic gland. The intensification of the histological changes of these tissue samples was judged using a point score as described by Spormann et al. The results were statistically analysed. The animals of the KP group showed significant histological changes of the pancreas during the whole examination time. Point score: 75-100. Microscopically, tissue samples taken from the animals treated with Fibrolan showed less changes from the 72nd examination hour. There were observed regenerative processes and the improvement of the histological state was evident (point score: 0-50). Changes were less in rats treated with 0.9% NaCl solution than in KP group but the regenerative processes were slower than in F group (point score: 50-75). Enzymes levels were significant lower in F group than in others from the 48th experimental hour.
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PMID:[The effect of intraperitoneally administered necrolytic enzymes on the course of experimental acute pancreatitis]. 942 54


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