Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with abdominal pain resulting from pancreatitis are often misdiagnosed initially. There are no pathognomonic physical signs to implicate the pancreas as a source of chronic abdominal discomfort. Four patients seen consecutively (and one studied retrospectively) illustrate that erythema ab igne of the abdomen or low back may be a sign of pancreatitis. These patients had used heat on their abdomens or backs in attempts to relieve the pain. Using heat in this manner is common among patients with undiagnosed pancreatitis; the heat enhances the appearance of the erythema ab igne. The presence of pigmentation is a sign of organicity which should lead the physician to investigate the pancreas as a source of the patient's pain.
 ...
PMID:Erythema ab igne, a sign of pancreatic disease. 85 Nov 10

A 44-year-old woman with C1q esterase inhibitor deficiency was seen in consultation for recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal discomfort, nausea, and vomiting. Each of these episodes was accompanied by concomitant peripheral edema. Initial diagnostic efforts were fruitless. In time, intermittent elevations in amylase and lipase developed, and a diagnosis of relapsing pancreatitis was made. We contend that the patient's recurrent acute pancreatitis is associated with her hereditary angioedema. Possible pathogenesis could involve intermittent intrapancreatic edema with partial ductal obstruction or loss of inhibition on the kallikrein-kinin system.
 ...
PMID:Hereditary angioedema associated with pancreatitis. 143 59

The most certain symptomatic manifestation of gallstones is episodic upper abdominal pain. Characteristically, this pain is severe and located in the epigastrium and/or the right upper quadrant. The onset is relatively abrupt and often awakens the patient from sleep. The pain is steady in intensity, may radiate to the upper back, be associated with nausea and lasts for hours to up to a day. Dyspeptic symptoms of indigestion, belching, bloating, abdominal discomfort, heartburn and specific food intolerance are common in persons with gallstones, but are probably unrelated to the stones themselves and frequently persist after surgery. Many, if not most, persons with gallstones have no history of pain attacks. Persons discovered to have gallstones in the absence of typical symptoms appear to have an annual incidence of biliary pain of 2-5% during the initial years of follow-up, with perhaps a declining rate thereafter. Gallstone-related complications occur at a rate of less than 1% annually. Those whose stones are symptomatic at discovery have a more severe course, with approximately 6-10% suffering recurrent symptoms each year and 2% biliary complications. The far higher rates of symptom development reported in a few studies raise the possibility that these incidence estimates may be too low. The best predictors of future biliary pain are a history of pain at the time of diagnosis, female gender and possibly obesity. The risk of acute cholecystitis appears to be greater in those with large solitary stones, that of biliary pancreatitis in those with multiple small stones, and that of gallbladder cancer in those with large stones of any number. Drugs that inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins may now be the treatment of choice in patients with gallstones who are suffering acute pain attacks. Persistent dyspeptic symptoms occur frequently following cholecystectomy. A prolonged history of such symptoms prior to surgery and evidence of significant psychological distress appear to be the best predictors of unsatisfactory outcome.
 ...
PMID:Symptoms of gallstone disease. 148 6

A retrospective study of 76 children with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) who were admitted to the Alberta Children's Hospital in Calgary. Alberta between January 1982 and December 1988 was undertaken to explore the gastrointestinal manifestations of the syndrome. The children (mean age of 4.0 +/- 3.1 years) presented primarily during the summer months with a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (Hgb 94 +/- 26 g/L), thrombocytopenia (platelets 87 +/- 83 X 10(9)/L), and acute renal failure (oligoanuria with a BUN of 26 +/- 15 mmol/L, and a creatinine of 294 +/- 90 mumol/L). Forty-three children required dialysis for 10 +/- 17 days. The duration of hospitalization was 17 +/- 17 days. Four children died of complications attributable to HUS. The following symptoms and gastrointestinal manifestations of HUS were noted: fever (33%), vomiting (80%), abdominal discomfort/tenderness (59%), diarrhea (100%), hemorrhagic colitis (79%), rectal prolapse (13%), colonic stricture (3%), colonic perforation (1%), intussusception (1%), indirect hyperbilirubinemia (49%), and elevated hepatocellular enzymes (58%). Of the last 29 children studied, 19 (66%) had elevated levels of amylase and lipase in the presence of acute renal failure, and six (21%) had a marked elevation of lipase (more than four times normal) with additional supportive evidence of pancreatitis. The additional supportive evidence included persistent elevation of lipase after the resolution of acute renal failure in four children, a marked increment in lipase in association with abdominal pain and an abnormal ultrasound of the pancreas after the initiation of oral feeding in a fifth child, and pancreatic exocrine and endocrine necrosis at autopsy in a sixth child.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of hemolytic uremic syndrome: recognition of pancreatitis. 170 51

Primary bacterial peritonitis and catheter-associated infections compose the large majority of abdominal events in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Yet occasionally primary pathology involving the abdominal viscera develops, and surgery is frequently considered. The early manifestations of intraabdominal inflammation or bleeding in patients undergoing CAPD depend on the pathological process, its access to the peritoneal cavity, and whether generalized bacterial peritonitis supervenes to obscure helpful physical findings. Clear dialysate is not a reliable sign that major pathology is absent, nor does initial stabilization of the clinical course with antibiotic therapy uniformly indicate that surgery will not be necessary. Polymicrobial peritonitis may develop in cholecystitis, pancreatitis, or from a colonic source, the latter featuring more bacterial species and more gram-negative and anaerobic organisms. A history directed at progression of symptoms and sites of abdominal discomfort and an examination for deep local tenderness and bowel incarcerated in an abdominal wall hernia are essential. Measurement of dialysate amylase and Gram stain of dialysate for food fibers may be helpful. Imaging techniques such as abdominal radiographs for dilated bowel or free subdiaphragmatic air, ultrasonography of the gallbladder or pancreas, computed tomographic (CT) scanning of the lower abdomen, and water-soluble contrast colonic studies may help identify the pathologic process. Special studies such as these should be considered early in the course of suspected unusual abdominal events in patients on CAPD.
 ...
PMID:Abdominal catastrophes and other unusual events in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. 236 12

Prophylactic measures for the prevention of complications (pancreatitis, pancreatic and biliary sepsis) after an ERCP examination were investigated in a controlled study. A total of 118 patients were selected at random and divided into three groups by post-ERCP treatment (Group A: no treatment, Group B: oral prophylaxis with broad spectrum tetracycline, Group C: bedrest for 36 hours, fasting, stomach catheter and infusion prophylaxis. The total rate of complications in the study as a whole was 5% (2.5% pancreatitis, 2.5% bacterial complications). Statistical comparison of the groups produced no significant differences, i.e. neither the antibiotic nor the infusion prophylaxis proved advantageous with respect to the frequency of pancreatitis and bacterial complications. In addition to this, prophylactic measures after ERCP had no influence on the frequency, duration and extent of such temporary symptoms as abdominal discomfort, fever, leukocytosis, hyperamylasemia, hyperamylasuria and cholestasis. It is worth considering carrying out ERCP on an out-patient basis in special cases.
 ...
PMID:ERCP: Complications and prophylaxis a controlled study. 616 4

A 43-yr-old female underwent a normal endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) because of ill-defined abdominal discomfort. A life-threatening pancreatitis with massive peripancreatic necrosis ensued, necessitating multiple necrosectomies. A colonic fistula required a temporary colostomy. Thirty-three months after onset of pancreatitis, although seemingly stable, she developed a massive chylous ascites, the fluid of which had a lipid content of approx 8000 mg%. Her serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels remained normal. During her third postpancreatitis year, while under observation and without operative intervention, the ascites began to clear slowly, almost completely clearing over the ensuing 16 mo. No comparable syndrome has been detected in a literature review, although eight patients with chylous ascites, possibly associated with pancreatitis, were identified. Since the senior author, in a career in pancreatic surgery, had not previously encountered the problem and since its natural history in this patient revealed spontaneous improvement, its description seems worthwhile.
 ...
PMID:Chylous ascites. A late complication of massive peripancreatic necrosis. 932 26

We report a case demonstrating the progressive narrowing of the pancreatic duct, which is presumed to be characteristic of autoimmune pancreatitis, and we review the 37 cases of chronic pancreatitis in which autoimmunity was suggested as an etiological factor in the Japanese literature. A 55-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort, jaundice, and diffuse swelling of the pancreas on ultrasonography. Serial endoscopic retrograde pancreatography demonstrated the progression of an irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct forming diffusely over the course of 2 months. Because the patient had hyperglobulinemia and tested positive for autoantibodies, he was diagnosed as a case of autoimmune chronic pancreatitis. Steroid therapy was carried out with excellent success.
 ...
PMID:Characteristic pancreatic duct appearance in autoimmune chronic pancreatitis: a case report and review of the Japanese literature. 946 55

A 43-year-old man presented with abdominal discomfort caused by relapsing pancreatitis. Radiological examination revealed a multilocular cystic mass in the tail of the pancreas, which was resected. Gross examination showed a multilocular cystic lesion measuring 2.5 cm in diameter and containing clear fluid. Microscopically, a mucinous cystadenoma with mesenchymal stroma was diagnosed. The lesion showed two different components: a cyst lined by a columnar, mucin-secreting epithelium and a moderate cellular stroma composed of spindle cells. The stromal element appeared similar to primitive mesenchyme. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed this origin through vimentin expression and showed moderate to strong nuclear staining with oestrogen and progesterone receptor antibodies. Cystadenomas are rare tumours of the pancreas, but mesenchymal stroma is uncommon in such tumours; it is more frequently described in the liver and the bile ducts, and primarily in women.
 ...
PMID:A pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma in a man with mesenchymal stroma, expressing oestrogen and progesterone receptors. 950 65

A donkey developed abdominal discomfort and distension together with cardiovascular collapse and gastric reflux 24 to 36 hours after ingesting a large amount of poultry feed. Rectal findings prompted a laparotomy that identified extensive gastric dilation, an empty, atonic small intestine, dry colonic content and an easily corrected caecal displacement. These findings were not consistent with the severity of the signs, which were attributed to endotoxaemia. The donkey was euthanased during recovery. Necropsy revealed acute necrotising pancreatitis with massive gastric dilation and right dorsal colon impaction. The clinicopathological features of acute equine pancreatitis associated with grain overload are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Acute necrotising pancreatitis following grain overload in a donkey. 1588 85


1 2 3 Next >>