Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 29 cases of amyloidosis of the alimentary tract is reported. Five cases (17%) were primary amyloidosis; 14 cases (48%) were amyloidosis secondary to other diseases (such as chronic inflammatory and neoplastic diseases); 10 cases (35%) were amyloidosis of the heredo-familial type connected with Familial Mediterranean Fever. In 23 patients (79%) the diagnosis was established by biopsies, and in 6 more cases on autopsy. Gastrointestinal involvement was found in all age groups. Gastro-enterologic complications observed in the present series include: diarrhea, malabsorption, ileus and gastrointestinal bleeding. In addition other conditions such as jaundice (3 cases), esophagitis and acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis were observed. In 22 patients proteinuria was observed and in 13 patients the nephrotic syndrome. Among 17 patients, in 11 the clinical picture before death was that of terminal renal failure. The survival after diagnosis among 14 patients reached 4 years in 9 cases, and 19 years in one case. The diagnostic value of the rectal biopsy is emphasized.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal amyloidosis]. 18 89

The physiology and pathophysiology of the sphincter of Oddi are poorly understood. The relationships of functional disorders of the sphincter to biliary and pancreatic disease and of organic lesions of the papilla to pancreatic inflammatory disease are subjudice to say the least. The efficacy of sphincter section in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis is unproved. Section of the sphincter may be necessary to treat biliary tract pathology but its use should not be routine or indiscriminative since, there is morbidity as well as mortality. Finally, the price of sphincterotomy is: 1. hemorrhage; 2. duodenal perforation; 3. pancreatic duct damage--a. acute pancreatitis; b. chronic pancreatitis; 4. sphincter incompetence--a. common duct regurgitation--cholangitis; b. pancreatic duct regurgitation--pancreatitis; 5. sphincter stenosis--obstructive jaundice; 6. stasis cholecystitis; 7. diarrhea; 8. morbidity 10%; 9. mortality 1.9%.
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PMID:The sphincter of Oddi, sphincterotomy and biliopancreatic disease. 39 44

The reported complication rate from T-tube infusion of sodium cholate for dissolution of retained biliary stones is low. Among 84 patients reported in the English-language literature, and 10 additional cases of our own, there have been no deaths, an incidence of liver enzyme elevation in 7%, fever in 5%, cholangitis in 2%, and pancreatitis in 2%. Recently, we have infused 100mM sodium cholate at 30 cc/hr into patients through transhepatic biliary stents in an effort to rid the intrahepatic biliary tree of retained stones and biliary sludge. Appropriate precautions were taken to prevent increased biliary pressures by the insetion of a 30 cm manometer into the perfusion system. During four transhepatic infusions in three patients, all experienced nausea and vomiting, and two of the three patients developed diarrhea and abdominal pain. Liver enzymes became elevated during all four infusions, and two of the three patients became septic and died shortly after their infusions. Experimental work in animals suggests that intrahepatic sodium cholate infusion results in injury to the ductal epithelium and predisposes patients to bactermia and sepsis. Even though T-tube infusion of sodium cholate into the common bile duct is well tolerated, direct infusion into the intrahepatic biliary tree through a transhepatic tube is not and carries a high risk of sepsis and death.
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PMID:Sodium cholate dissolution of retained biliary stones: mortality rate following intrahepatic infusion. 43 6

The tetracycline class of antibiotics is infrequently used in clinical pediatrics due to its side effects: they include anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Hypersensitivity, a photosensibility reaction and a brownish discoloration of teeth is less frequently, a pseudotumor cerebri is rarely seen. Once therapeutic plasma levels are exceeded however, either by overdosage or decreased renal or hepatic clearance of the drug, serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom or a nephrogenic diabetes insipidus can occur. The increased toxicity of tetracyclines in pregnant women is well known. We would like to report a fatal case, where serious complications like a secondary Fanconi-Syndrom, toxic degeneration of the liver, a clinically undected pancreatitis and a protein loosing enteropathy are though to be either direct consequences of tetracycline overdosage or the indirect effect of a shocklike syndrom by means of a nonoliguric renal failure induced by tetracycline.
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PMID:[Tetracyclin intoxication versus idiopathic pancreatitis: report of a case with multiple organ involvement (author's transl)]. 47 25

Seven primary carcinomas of the duodenum were observed from 1973 to 1976 at the University Hospital Hamburg; four in females and three in males with an age between 32 and 69 years of age. The interval between the first symptoms (epigastric pain, jaundice, pruritus, diarrhea, and loss of weight) and surgical therapy (duodeno-pancreatectomy) averaged four months. All carcinomas were resected radically from the macroscopic (intraoperative) aspect as well as from the histological findings. Local tumour recurrences which proved fatal occurred in five patients within nine to twenty-one months. One patient died of peritonitis and another of pancreatitis. The diagnostic mode has been changed since the introduction of endoscopy and retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP). The consistent inclusion of the duodenum in routine gastroscopy leads to the hope that more carcinomas of the duodenum can be detected early.
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PMID:[Duodenal cancer. A clinical-pathological study]. 65 97

This study was designed to assess the functional efficiency of the ageing small intestine and the possible role of malabsorption in old people with nutritional deficiencies. Fifty subjects aged 65 to 92 years were studied, of whom 33 presented with anaemia, chronic diarrhoea or bone pains, and 17 were apparently healthy 'controls' with no relevant symptoms. Tests of intestinal function included blood xylose and iron absorption curves, a double isotope Schilling test, faecal fat, urinary indican and small bowel radiology, with duodenal aspiration and jejunal biopsy in some cases. On the basis either of steatorrhoea or at least two other abnormal parameters of absorption, there were 15 cases of malabsorption. Thirteen of these had symptoms but two were 'controls'. Four of these had duodenal diverticulosis, two had the post-gastrectomy syndrome, and one had calcific pancreatitis. Malabsorption in the remaining eight cases was not fully explained. The age range of this last group was 72--86 years; one of them had a contaminated small bowel and two showed some evidence of pancreatic insufficiency. Malabsorption emerged as a significant cause of low levels of serum iron, haemoglobin and calcium. The blood xylose test is a useful screening procedure for intestinal malabsorption in old age, but full evaluation calls for investigation of pancreatic function.
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PMID:The ageing gut: a study of intestinal absorption in relation to nutrition in the elderly. 68 55

A 32-year old patient presented with recurrent pancreatitis, severe watery diarrhea and elevated serum levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. His diarrhea appeared to respond to intramuscular propantheline. Initially he improved but had another attack of pancreatitis while hospitalized. Evaluation by ultrasound revealed the presence of a pseudocyst and endoscopic retrograde pancreatography demonstrated complete occlusion of the main pancreatic duct. Exploratory laparotomy was performed with drainage of a pseudocyst. Analysis of the pseudocyst fluid revealed an elevated amylase, lipase and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide level. It is believed that this patient's severe diarrhea was related to his pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst with elevated levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.
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PMID:Watery diarrhea syndrome with elevated levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide associated with pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst. 71 64

The first recognised outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Africa, and the first since the original epidemic in West Germany and Yugoslavia in 1967, occurred in South Africa in February 1975. The primary case was in a young Australian man , who was admitted to the Johannesburg Hospital after having toured Rhodesia. Two secondary cases occurred, one being in the first patient's travelling companion, and the other in a nurse. Features of the illness included high fever, myalgia, vomiting and diarrhoea, hepatitis, a characteristic maculopapular rash, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and a bleeding tendency. The first patient died on the seventh day from haemorrhage resulting from a combination of disseminated intravascular coagulation and hepatic failure. The other two patients were given vigorous supportive treatment and prophylactic heparin and recovered after an acute phase lasting about seven days. During this period on developed pancreatitis, the serum amylase remaining raised until the 32nd day after the onset of the illness. The other developed unilateral uveitis after having been asymptomatic for two months. This persisted for several weeks and Marburg virus was cultured from the anterior chamber of the eye.
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PMID:Outbreake of Marburg virus disease in Johannesburg. 81 15

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a relatively new innovation in patient care which allows us to replace and maintain essential nutrients in patients in whom oral or tube feedings are contraindicated or inadequate. Insertion of a catheter into a large central vein permits one to concentrate hypertonic dextrose calories in normal daily fluid requirements. In addition, TPN solutions contain synthetic amino acids or protein hydrolysates, macroelements, electrolytes, and vitamins. Indications for TPN include intestinal fistulas, severe short bowel syndrome, unresolving pancreatitis, advanced inflammatory bowel disease, delayed postoperative gastrointestinal function, developmental anomalies of the intestinal tract, protracted diarrhea of infancy, and hypermetabolic states. Complications encountered in patients receiving TPN are catheter-related mechanical problems, infections, and metabolic abnormalities. In select patients, who otherwise would require repeated hospitalizations for malnutrition, encouraging results have been achieved by the use of TPN in the home.
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PMID:Total parenteral nutrition. 81 25

A prospective study of 116 patients with acute pancreatitis included routine screening for evidence of viral infection. Five patients (all female) exhibited significant rising antibody titres to Coxsackie B or mumpsvirus, while none of the remaining 111 patients did. Diarrhoea was a prodromal feature of the pancreatitis in those patients with evidence of viral disease. Screening patients with acute pancreatitis for Coxsackie B and mumpsvirus infections is worthwhile in the identification of aetiological factors and may minimise protracted biliary investigations. The incidence of "idiopathic" acute pancreatitis in this study was 5-2% (six patients).
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PMID:Coxsackie and mumpsvirus infection in a prospective study of acute pancreatitis. 83 3


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