Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the past decade, 246 infants and children treated at the Columbus Children's Hospital have required more than 4 weeks of parenteral nutrition (PN). Of the 178 survivors, 70 returned for evaluation. Sixty-eight either had adequate visualization of the gallbladder by ultrasound or had previous gallbladder surgery (39%). Of 68 children who did not survive, complete postmortem examinations or ultrasound studies were available for 16 (24%). A diagnosis of cholelithiasis was established in 11 of the 84 studied patients (13%). Six of these children (55%) have required cholecystectomy for relief of chronic abdominal pain, pancreatitis, or empyema of the gallbladder. One additional infant underwent cholecystostomy. Two of the four remaining patients are asymptomatic, one has episodes of abdominal colic, and one child expired of chronic hepatic insufficiency as a result of PN-associated cholestasis. Risk factors that predisposed these children to cholelithiasis included short bowel syndrome, lack of an ileocecal valve, and an increased number of abdominal operative procedures (P less than .05). Patients with biliary calculi also had a longer duration of parenteral feeding, and a higher incidence of both PN-associated cholestasis and necrotizing enterocolitis. The intergroup differences for these characteristics, however, did not achieve statistical significance. On the basis of this information, routine ultrasound examinations of the gallbladder are recommended for children maintained on PN for longer than 30 days. All patients presenting with abdominal pain who previously received PN should also be evaluated. Early elective cholecystectomy is suggested for children who develop PN-associated cholelithiasis.
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PMID:Parenteral nutrition with associated cholelithiasis: another iatrogenic disease of infants and children. 311 62

Intestinal failure requiring total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Intestinal transplantation can be a lifesaving option for patients with intestinal failure who develop serious TPN-related complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate survival, surgical technique, and patient care in patients treated with intestinal transplantation. We reviewed data collected from 95 consecutive intestinal transplants performed between December 1994 and November 2000 at the University of Miami. Fifty-four of the patients undergoing intestinal transplantation were children and 41 were adults. The series includes 49 male and 46 female patients. The causes of intestinal failure included mesenteric venous thrombosis (n = 12), necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 11), gastroschisis (n = 11), midgut volvulus (n = 9), desmoid tumor (n = 8), intestinal atresia (n = 6), trauma (n = 5), Hirschsprung's disease (n = 5), Crohn's disease (n = 5), intestinal pseudoobstruction (n = 4), and others (n = 19). The procedures performed included 27 isolated intestine transplants, 28 combined liver and intestine transplants, and 40 multivisceral transplants. Since 1998, we have been using daclizumab (Zenepax) for induction of immunosuppression and zoom videoendoscopy for graft surveillance. We began to use intense cytomegalovirus prophylaxis and systemic drainage of the portal vein. The 1-year patient survival rates for isolated intestinal, liver and intestinal, and multivisceral transplantations were 75%, 40%, and 48%, respectively. Since 1998, the 1-year patient and graft survival rates for isolated intestinal transplants have been 84% and 72%, respectively. The causes of death were as follows: sepsis after rejection (n = 14), respiratory failure (n = 8), sepsis (n = 6), multiple organ failure (n = 4), arterial graft infection (n = 3), aspergillosis (n = 2), post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (n = 2), intracranial hemorrhage (n = 2), and fungemia, chronic rejection, graft vs. host disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, pancreatitis, pulmonary embolism, and viral encephalitis (n = 1 case of each). Intestinal transplantation can be a lifesaving alternative for patients with intestinal failure. The prognosis after intestinal transplantation is better when it is performed before the onset of liver failure. Rejection monitoring with zoom videoendoscopy and new immunosuppressive therapy with sirolimus, daclizumab, and campath-1H have contributed to the improvement in patient survival.
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PMID:Ninety-five cases of intestinal transplantation at the University of Miami. 1199 9

Peritoneal dialysis is an established form of renal replacement therapy. With its increasing popularity, we are now encountering a variety of complications. Noninfectious complications are usually less common as compared with infectious complications. In this review, we discuss some of the common noninfectious complications of peritoneal dialysis such as hernias, hydrothorax, hemoperitoneum, pancreatitis, ischemic colitis and necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumoperitoneum, GERD, subcapsular steatosis and hypokalemia. The awareness of these complications will help in early diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:Noninfectious complications of peritoneal dialysis. 1726 26

Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) can cause a broad range of diseases such as aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, gastroenteritis, necrotizing enterocolitis, pneumonia and sudden death in the neonates. CVB4 has also been implicated as a possible etiological agent for type 1 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In this study, the possibility of RNA interference (RNAi) as a potential therapeutic approach to treat CVB4 infection was explored. The results showed that the Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells treated with 19-mer siRNAs displayed high specificity against CVB4 replication without displaying any sign of target effects. The siRNA targeting the 3C(pro) region of CVB4 genome was also established to be the most effective in inhibition of CVB4 replication in RD cell line in a dosage dependent manner, indicating its potential to be developed as an antiviral strategy against CVB4.
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PMID:Development of potential antiviral strategy against coxsackievirus B4. 2021 33

Traditional staged closure of the damage control abdomen frequently results in a ventral hernia, need for delayed abdominal wall reconstruction, and risk of multiple complications. We examined the potential benefits in children of early fascial closure of the damage control abdomen using human acellular dermal matrix (HADM). We reviewed our experience with five consecutive children sustaining intra-abdominal catastrophe and managed with damage control celiotomy. To accomplish early definitive abdominal closure, HADM was sewn in place as a fascial substitute; the skin and subcutaneous layers were approximated over silicone drains. The five patients ranged in age from 1 month to 19 years at the time of presentation. Intra-abdominal catastrophes included complex bowel injuries after blunt trauma in two children, necrotizing pancreatitis and gastric perforation in one teenager, necrotizing enterocolitis in one premature infant, and perforated typhlitis in one adolescent. All damage control wounds were dirty. Time range from initial celiotomy to definitive abdominal closure was 6 to 9 days. After definitive closure, one child developed a superficial wound infection. No patient developed a ventral hernia. After damage control celiotomy in children, early abdominal wall closure using HADM may minimize comq plications associated with delayed closure techniques and the need for additional procedures.
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PMID:Early fascial closure of the damage control abdomen in children. 2050 79

Cytarabine, a pyramidine analog, is used for treating various hematological malignancies such as acute leukemias and lymphomas. Side effects of cytarabine are dose dependent and include bone marrow suppression, fever, cerebellar toxicity, cardiomyopathy, hepato-renal insufficiency, necrotizing enterocolitis, pancreatitis, acute respiratory distress, corneal toxicity and dermatological side effects. The dermatological side effects can be immediate or due to delayed hypersensitivity reactions. They have been attributed largely to release of cytokines. We present three such cases of delayed hypersensitivity to cytarabine affecting the ears bilaterally.
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PMID:Cytarabine ears - A side effect of cytarabine therapy. 3111 13