Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 1 035 routine serum gastrin investigations was undertaken with a commercially available kit. Levels in 49 normal subjects were similar to those found in 200 patients with duodenal ulcertaion, in 42 patients with gastric ulcers, in 9 patients with carcinoma of the stomach, in 55 patients with chronic alcohol-induced pancreatitis, and in 27 with iron deficiency anaemia. Significantly raised levels of serum gastrin were found in 32 patients with megaloblastic anaemias, where the rise in serum gastrin concentration correlated with a fall in maximal acid output, and in 14 patients with complete vagotomies. It is suggested that a level of less than 2 mEq/h of acid after insulin and a raised serum gastrin level are useful criteria of completeness of vagotomy.
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PMID:Basal serum gastrin levels in normal subjects and in various gastro-intestinal conditions. 122 75

A new kit for radioimmunoassay of serum phospholipase A2 (PLA2) with monoclonal antibody (S-0932, Shionogi, Osaka, Japan) was used to examine PLA2 levels in patients with various diseases. Patients with acute pancreatitis showed significantly increased serum PLA2 levels. In patients with chronic pancreatitis, significant correlations were observed between the levels of factors evaluated by the secretin test and serum PLA2 levels. In patients with pancreatic cancer, serum PLA2 levels varied with disease severity. Serum PLA2 concentrations were within the normal range in patients with other malignant tumors, diabetes mellitus, and chronic liver diseases but were increased in patients with chronic renal failure. S-Sepharose column analysis of sera showed a small peak of pro-PLA2 and a large peak of PLA2 in sera from patients with severe acute pancreatitis, but a large peak of pro-PLA2 in healthy controls and patients with other diseases. On G-100 gel filtration, high-molecular-weight PLA2 immunoreactivity was detected in sera of patients with chronic renal failure, whereas a single peak of PLA2 immunoreactivity coinciding with that of standard PLA2 was detected in sera of patients with acute pancreatitis. These results suggest that (a) measurement of serum PLA2 is clinically useful for diagnosis and monitoring of pancreatitis, (b) active PLA2 in the circulation is dominant in severe acute pancreatitis, and (c) the kidney may be the main site of PLA2 degradation or excretion.
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PMID:Clinical usefulness of serum phospholipase A2 determination in patients with pancreatic diseases. 194 16

Basic evaluation of SPan-1 assay (SPan-1 RIA. BEAD) and clinical significance of serum SPan-1 levels for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer were studied. This assay was reproducible, reliable and simple to perform. It required minimal samples (duplicate 50 microliters) and may be done within 4 hrs. Normal subjects (N = 1182) had serum SPan-1 antigen levels which ranged 0 to 42.8 units/ml with a mean of 7.5 units/ml and above 40 units/ml was considered to be positive. SPan-1 antigen levels in cultured medium of four out of five pancreatic cancer cell lines showed more than 1000 units/ml by this assay. While over 90% of pancreatic cancer patients had elevated levels of serum SPan-1 antigen, only 0-17% of patients with other malignant and non malignant gastrointestinal diseases such as pancreatitis (chronic or acute), gastric cancer or colon cancer had above normal levels. Furthermore, levels of serum SPan-1 antigen correlated well with treatment and recurrence of disease in patients with pancreatic and gastric cancer. These results suggest that determination of serum SPan-1 antigen levels by this assay kit is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:[Basic and clinical evaluation of measurement of pancreatic cancer associated antigen, SPan-1]. 232 7

Plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) concentrations of normal individuals and patients with pancreatitis were studied using a VIP RIA kit. The inter-assay and intra-assay variation of this kit were between 2.1 and 9.4%. The VIP levels increased in the acute phase of acute pancreatitis and patients with chronic pancreatitis. The VIP concentration increased during the first 30 min of glucose tolerance test, but this increase was much smaller than that in insulin. These results suggest that this kit is useful for physiologic and pathologic changes in the VIP level.
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PMID:Fundamental and clinical evaluation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in pancreatitis by radioimmunoassay kit. 331 28

Because of an increasing interest in the determination of prekallikrein a kit was made for the determination of this plasma proenzyme. The kit consists of 1) a prekallikrein activator of the cephalin-ellagic acid type containing Factor XII and HMW-kininogen to ensure a total activation of the prekallikrein even in pathological plasmas, 2) a buffer which is optimal for both activation and substrate hydrolysis and 3) the chromogenic substrate S-2302. A control plasma is also included. This kit was evaluated by thirteen research groups as well as by ourselves. Both normal and patient plasmas were analyzed. Good correlations were obtained for prekallikrein levels in plasma samples between the kit method and two other methods (immunochemical and functional). As well as in deficiency states the prekallikrein level was low in pancreatitis (n = 20), cancer (n = 16), early pregnancy with gestosis (n = 15), cirrhosis (n = 9) and cases with thromboembolic disorders (n = 5). The prekallikrein level was high in late pregnancy (n = 4).
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PMID:Description and evaluation of a new chromogenic substrate assay kit for the determination of prekallikrein in human plasma. 364 42

The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52 healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.
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PMID:[Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its diagnostic evaluation]. 658 10

Results of measurement of serum lipase activity as determined by a UV-test described by Myrick and a titrimetric assay as described by Rick were compared as far as sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of pancreatitis is concerned. Sensitivity of the UV assay is low (45% falsely normal values), and specificity as well (falsely pathological values in 55.5% of patients with liver disease and 9% of normal persons). In the UV assay lipoproteinlipases are measured as well as hepatic esterases: in 17 samples from persons having received heparin lipase activity was increased 3-8 fold. In a total of 99 samples no correlation was found between the results of the 2 assays. As a consequence it can be stated that the UV-test as described by Myrick has no relevance in diagnosis of pancreatitis; the commercially available assay kit is withdrawn in the meantime.
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PMID:[Clinical studies using a photometric method for determining serum lipase activity]. 673 89

Serum immunoreactive trypsin (IRT) determination has been recommended as a screening test in chronic pancreatitis. Using a commercial radioimmunoassay kit (RIA--gnost Trypsin; Behring-Werke, Marburg/Lahn, FRG) the interassay coefficient of variation was 26--44% for three different test sera. Gel filtration chromatography profiles revealed immunoreactivity in the position of 125I-trypsin and (less than 50%) in the void volume. The test was evaluated in controls (n = 90), chronic relapsing pancreatitis (CRP;n = 60) and after total pancreatectomy (n = 5). In 65% of the CRP cases decreased IRT values were found, whereas during acute attacks of CRP supranormal and normal values were found. After total pancreatectomy IRT levels were undetectable. It is concluded that the sensitivity of this IRT test is limited and that the available test system needs improvement.
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PMID:Trypsin radioimmunoassay in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. 739 44

Interleukin 10 (IL-10) recently emerged as an antiinflammatory cytokine that inhibits the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes and/or macrophages and the release of free oxygen radicals. It has been reported that treatment with IL-10 decreases the severity of experimental pancreatitis, mainly by inhibiting cellular necrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of serum IL-10 in patients with acute pancreatitis and to explore the possibility of a relationship between this cytokine and severity of the disease. Forty-five patients with acute pancreatitis were studied. Acute pancreatitis was of biliary origin in 30 patients, due to alcohol abuse in 10, due to pancreas divisum in 1, and of unknown origin in the remaining 4. According to the Balthazar criteria, 19 patients had scores of A, B, or C and 25 had scores of D or E. Twelve healthy subjects were also studied as controls. Serum IL-10 was determined in all subjects on admission, and in acute pancreatitis patients also daily for the following four days using a commercial kit. Healthy subjects had no detectable serum levels of IL-10. In acute pancreatitis patients, serum IL-10 levels were increased on the first day of the disease and then progressively decrease in the following days. On the first day of the acute pancreatitis, patients with the mild disease had serum levels of IL-10 significantly higher than those with severe disease, whereas in the following days, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. The elevation of IL-10 on the first day of the illness is more marked in patients with mild acute pancreatitis than in those with the severe form of the disease. The finding of low values of serum IL-10 in severe acute pancreatitis suggests that there may be altered down-regulation of the immune system response in these patients.
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PMID:Serum interleukin-10 in human acute pancreatitis. 924 48

This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of fecal elastase 1 in chronic pancreatitis. Fifty-three healthy subjects, 44 patients with chronic pancreatitis (22 severe, 13 moderate, and 9 mild), and 43 patients with nonpancreatic digestive disease were studied. Elastase 1 concentration was determined on a small sample of feces using a commercially available kit. Fecal chymotrypsin was also measured. With a cutoff level of 190 microg/g, all healthy controls except one (98.1%), and the majority of patients with nonpancreatic digestive diseases (40 of 43; 93.0%) had elastase values above this limit. Among the 44 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 34 (77.3%) had pathological values: all 22 (100%) with severe disease, 10 of 13 (76.9%) with moderate disease and 2 of 9 (22.2%) with mild disease. Chymotrypsin values were pathological in 25 of 44 (56.8%) patients with chronic pancreatitis: 17 of 22 (77.2%) with severe pancreatitis, 7 of 13 (53.8%) with moderate pancreatitis, and 1 of 9 (11.1%) with mild disease. The specificity was 95.8% for elastase 1 and 85.4% for chymotrypsin. The difference both in sensitivity and specificity of the two enzymes was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Fecal elastase 1 has a high sensitivity, superior to that of fecal chymotrypsin, in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. For its simplicity and rapidity, it could represent the tubeless test of choice in chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Fecal elastase 1 determination in chronic pancreatitis. 1069 30


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