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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this experiment, free radicals in the pancreas of endotoxemia and ethionine induced acute pancreatitis in mice were attempted to be detected directly by ESR spectroscopy, using 77 K freeze-trapping and 25 degrees C DMPO spin trapping techniques. In the 77 K freeze-trapping method, Mn (II) ion and R-00. radical were detected in endotoxemia and ethionine induced pancreatic lesions. The heme-NO radical was observed at 6 and 24 h after isolation of the normal pancreas, and signal intensity was increased with time. This finding supports that ESR spectroscopy is a useful method for detecting the tissue degeneration process from ischemia to necrosis. Using the DMPO spin trapping technique (25 degrees C), 6-line was detected at 6 h after intraperitoneal administration of E. coli in the model of endotoxemia, and 3- and 6-lines and a signal suggestive of DMPO-OH adduct were noted at 12 and 24 h in ethionine pancreatitis. These findings suggest that impaired pancreatic tissues exist in a considerably oxidative environment and oxygen derived free radicals may be considered to play an important role in the development of pancreatic lesions.
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PMID:Direct ESR measurement of free radicals in mouse pancreatic lesions. 255 71

Out of 26 patients with acute pancreatitis, 8 had several signs of bacterial infection such as high nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction of granulocytes, fever, elevated ESR and leukocytosis with granulocytosis. 2 patients had a high NBT-value without all other clinical signs of infection and 6 had such signs without a high NBT-value. --An NBT-value lower than normal was found in 6 patients, 3 of whom also had other signs of infection. The level of serum lipids, determined in only 3 of the 6, demonstrated concomitant hypertriglyceridemia. Hyperlipidemia is known to decrease granulocyte activity and might have prevented a stimulation to increased NBT-reduction otherwise brought about by bacterial infection. Further, 3 of the 6 patients with low NBT-reductions suffered from a very severe type of pancreatitis and two of them developed pneumonia. --Bacterial infection may thus contribute to a severe clinical course of pancreatitis, especially in patients with hypertriglyceridemia in whom the granulocyte function is depressed.
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PMID:Granulocyte-function in pancreatitis. Nitroblue tetrazolium-test related to clinical signs of bacterial infection and to hypertriglyceridemia. 693 88

Rats develop acute pancreatitis when infused iv for 3 h with cerulein (10 micrograms/kg/h). Autopsies of the pancreas seen by light microscope show interstitial edema, acinar cells vacuolization, and leukocyte margination in pancreatic capillaries; under electron microscope, severe damage concerning mitochondrial and zymogen granules structures are apparent. Particularly, swelling of the mitochondria and disruption of mitochondrial cristae was observed as well as formation of large vacuoles arising from zymogen granules and liposome fusion. A significant increase of lipid hydroperoxide level in the pancreatic tissue was observed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO--a low-mol-wt superoxide dismutase mimic--in a rat cerulein model of acute pancreatitis, with the expectation that free radical mediated hydroperoxide formation and tissue damage may be reduced significantly. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 5) served as a control and was infused iv for 3 h with physiologic saline; Group 2 (n = 8) was infused i.v. for 3 h with cerulein 10 micrograms/kg/h; and Group 3 (n = 8) infused i.v. both with cerulein and 4-hydroxy-TEMPO 22.6 mg/kg/h. Pancreatic tissue damage was quantified by measuring lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) level, the weight of the organ, and by light and electron microscopic examination. 4-hydroxy-TEMPO penetration across cellular membrane barriers was quantified by ESR spectrometric measurements of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO concentration in pancreatic tissue samples and pancreatic juice as well. Administering 4-hydroxy-TEMPO to rats resulted in preventing both lipid hydroperoxide formation and severe morphological damage. 4-hydroxy-TEMPO crossed cellular membrane barriers and was excreted to pancreatic juice. Infusion of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO appears to prevent pancreatic injury caused by free radicals in experimental cerulein pancreatitis.
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PMID:Protective effect of 4-hydroxy-TEMPO, a low molecular weight superoxide dismutase mimic, on free radical toxicity in experimental pancreatitis. 853 Aug 31

Vertebral osteomyelitis rarely mimics pancreatitis. However, the potential consequences of longstanding unrecognized disease, including neurological impairment and bony deformity, should make it an item in the differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. In the evaluation of our patient, four items were of particular importance: awareness of his previously documented S. aureus bacteremia, a markedly elevated ESR, an abnormal chest radiograph, and the positive bone scan.
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PMID:Vertebral osteomyelitis mimicking chronic pancreatitis. 868 35

Microalbuminuria is more prevalent in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and reflects the widespread vascular damage predisposing to atherosclerosis. It is also found in acute clinical conditions, e.g. myocardial infarction, pancreatitis and stroke, and predicts poor outcome. The mechanism leading to increased albuminuria in these conditions is unknown, therefore we designed the study to investigate the relationship between increased urinary albumin excretion in acute stroke and biochemical markers of stress and inflammatory reaction as well as markers of endothelial damage. Sixty patients with first-time ischemic stroke, admitted within 24 hours to the stroke unit took part in the study. We excluded patients with diabetes, infection, nephropathy and abnormal urinalysis. Neurological deficit was assessed on admission and after 24 hours by Scandinavian Stroke Scale. Daily urinary albumin excretion on Day 2 was measured using the immunonephelometric method. The serum cortisol concentration was measured on Day 1 at 6.00 AM, 10.00 AM, 6.00 PM and 10.00 PM. Daily urinary excretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine was measured on Day 1 and on Day 3. We assessed also hematocrit, ESR, serum glucose and fibrinogen, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis and von Willebrand factor activity. Microalbuminuria was found in 46.7% of patients. There was no difference between patients with micro-albuminuria and those without it regarding sex, age and the prevalence of risk factors for stroke. Patients with micro-albuminuria had greater urinary excretion of epinephrine on Day 1. We did not find any differences regarding von Willebrand factor activity, serum cortisol concentration or other assessed variables. In logistic regression analysis the urinary excretion of epinephrine on Day 1 was the only independent variable predicting the occurrence of microalbuminuria in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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PMID:[Mechanisms determining the occurrence of microalbuminuria in patients with acute ischemic stroke]. 1195 14