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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic obstructive pancreatitis-like histological and biochemical alterations were provoked in male Wistar rats with Ethibloc occlusion of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic ducts. After the disappearance of the glue from the ducts, a gradual and almost total recovery was demonstrated during a 2-month observation period. About 12 g/kg of alcohol (20% vol/vol) given daily by gastric intubation and ad libitum intake inhibited the recovery of pancreatic weight and enzyme contents in the occluded rats, and within a 2-month period chronic calcifying-type pancreatitis became evident with some signs of remaining obstructive pancreatitis-like lesions. Cessation of alcohol administration after 2 months resulted in a recovery of pancreatic weight and enzyme contents, although morphological regeneration was less pronounced and calcification remained visible in some rats. A 50% raw soy flour diet provoked some further changes in the proportion of enzymes without any supplementary increases of pancreatic weight and protein content. This animal model of chronic pancreatitis demonstrates that chronic obstructive and calcifying pancreatitis can appear together and earlier if the etiological factors act in combination. Suppression of pancreatic regeneration by alcohol seems to be necessary to maintain chronic pancreatitis-like lesions and to develop calcification.
Pancreas 1989
PMID:Alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis in rats after temporary occlusion of biliopancreatic ducts with Ethibloc. 275 45

The accuracies of assays of serum CA 19-9 and elastase 1 in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma were investigated by the cutoff method and discriminant analysis of data on 98 patients with pancreatitis, 65 patients with pancreatic carcinoma, 107 patients with benign diseases of other organs, and 108 patients with cancer of other organs. Comparison of the diagnostic accuracies of the cutoff method and multivariate analysis of CA 19-9 and elastase 1 showed that the latter was better for diagnosis in terms of its specificity. The performance of multivariate analysis was validated on independent data consisting of 52 patients with pancreatitis, 27 patients with pancreatic carcinoma, 79 patients with benign diseases of other organs, and 29 patients with cancer of other organs. Multivariate analysis of CA 19-9 and elastase 1 was very useful for differentiation of patients with and without pancreatic carcinoma: 24 (88.9%) of 27 patients with pancreatic carcinoma were correctly classified. Moreover, by this method, all patients with pancreatic carcinoma of less than 2 cm in longest diameter and 81.3% of those without jaundice were correctly classified.
Pancreas 1989
PMID:Effectiveness of discriminant analysis of serum CA 19-9 and elastase 1 in diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. 276 70

It has been suggested that oxygen-derived free radicals play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of acute experimental pancreatitis in a model of edematous pancreatitis. Accordingly, allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, was shown to mitigate the development of nonfatal acute pancreatitis in ex vivo perfusion models using dogs. For further evaluation of allopurinol, its effect was studied in two forms of fatal necrotizing acute experimental pancreatitis: sodium taurocholate-induced pancreatitis in rats and choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented diet-induced pancreatitis in mice. Allopurinol did not affect the mortality rate, pancreatic enzyme elevation in serum and ascites, the enzyme content of the pancreas, or any parameter indicating histopathological damage in the pancreas. Although these experiments did not determine the role oxygen-derived free radicals play in the development of pancreatitis, they show, none the less, the absence of any beneficial therapeutic effect of a xanthine oxidase like allopurinol on the development of the disease once it has begun.
Pancreas 1989
PMID:Xanthine oxidase inhibitor in acute experimental pancreatitis in rats and mice. 276 73

The effects of a potent cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor antagonist, L-364,718, on two forms of experimental acute pancreatitis in mice were evaluated. The antagonist prevented the hyperamylasemia, pancreatic edema, and acinar cell vacuolization that followed administration of a supramaximally stimulating dose of the cholecystokinin analogue cerulein. In contrast, the same dose of L-364,718 (1 mg/kg/6 h) and an even higher dose (10 mg/kg/6 h) failed to prevent the hyperamylasemia, acinar cell necrosis, and mortality that followed administration of a choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented diet. These observations are at variance with those previously reported to follow administration of the relatively weak cholecystokinin antagonist proglumide (Niederau C et al. J Clin Invest 1986;78:1056-63). The observations reported in this communication suggest that cholecystokinin does not play an important role in diet-induced pancreatitis and that CCK receptor antagonists are unlikely to be of benefit in the treatment of clinical acute pancreatitis.
Pancreas 1989
PMID:Failure of a potent cholecystokinin antagonist to protect against diet-induced pancreatitis in mice. 281 32

Pseudocyst formation is a well-recognized complication of pancreatitis. Involvement of a pseudocyst with the kidney is rare. We report an unusual case of a pancreatic pseudocyst with rupture into the renal collecting system. The surgical management of this problem is described and the world-wide experience is reviewed briefly.
Pancreas 1989
PMID:Pancreatic pseudocyst rupture into the renal collecting system. 281 34

Three cases of obstructive pancreatitis are described in nonalcoholic women aged 56 to 58 years with a 2-month to 5-year history of recurrent attacks of pancreatic pain associated with intermittent raised serum pancreatic enzymes. The diagnosis was made by sonography showing an enlarged hyperechogenic tail of the pancreas, with a dilated duct, the rest of the pancreas being normal, and by ERCP showing a partial stenosis of the main pancreatic duct with regular dilatation of collateral branches distally to it. Surgical resection of the pancreatic tail cured all three patients. In the obstructed part of the pancreas, the lesions are typical of obstructive pancreatitis with perilobular and sometimes intralobular fibrosis of the same degree in the different lobules of the diseased area and not patchy as in chronic calcifying pancreatitis. The changes in collateral ducts are not marked, and there is an absence of intraductal plugs. Fat necrosis and pseudocysts may be found. Tumors responsible for the obstruction were the smallest islet cell tumors (0.6 and 8 mm) and serous cystadenoma (5 mm) responsible for symptoms ever published. Cephalad to the stricture, the pancreas was normal. When the etiology of chronic pancreatitis is atypical, especially when it occurs in nonalcoholic women aged greater than 50 years, a careful sonography (or computed tomographic scan) and ERCP must be done. Serial sections of the resected pancreas at the level of the obstruction and distal to it are often necessary to demonstrate the tumor.
Pancreas 1988
PMID:Chronic obstructive pancreatitis due to tiny (0.6 to 8 mm) benign tumors obstructing pancreatic ducts: report of three cases. 283 52

An alcoholic with no history of clinical pancreatitis was found to have pancreas divisum and marked changes of chronic pancreatitis isolated to the ventral pancreas. Pancreas divisum has been suggested to cause recurrent pancreatitis in some patients. Gross and histologic changes of pancreatitis in only the dorsal pancreas of surgically resected specimens from patients with pancreas divisum is thought to support the concept that obstruction at the minor papilla produces dorsal pancreatitis. Alternative explanations for the occurrence of segmental pancreatitis and the possible synergistic role of ethanol and bile are reviewed.
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PMID:Isolated ventral pancreatitis in an alcoholic with pancreas divisum. 304 9

A controlled trial with synthetic protease inhibitor gabexelate mesilate (FOY) in the treatment of acute pancreatitis was conducted in a total of 42 patients. The age, sex, etiology of pancreatitis, initial serum amylase level, and amylase creatinine clearance ratio were comparable between FOY-treated and control groups. FOY did not alter the course of the disease, but there was a weak trend toward lower morbidity and mortality in the FOY-treated patients. These results may justify further, larger scale studies or evaluation of alternate dosage or route of administration.
Pancreas 1987
PMID:Controlled trial of protease inhibitor gabexelate mesilate (FOY) in the treatment of acute pancreatitis. 312 46

Acute necrohemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in rabbits by multiple interstitial trypsin injections in the body of the pancreas. The time course of regeneration was followed for 12 weeks. Chronic pancreatitis-like changes persisted for 4 weeks in all experimental animals, and the recovery was complete after 12 weeks. Reversible fibrosis and regressive acinar changes ("tubular complexes") were most severe in the region of the trypsin injections. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the pancreas showed an anastomosing tubular arrangement in the areas of "pseudochronic pancreatitis" but not in the normal pancreas.
Pancreas 1988
PMID:Temporary pseudochronic lesions during the recovery of acute necrohemorrhagic pancreatitis in rabbits. 317 6

While reported cases of sulfonamide-induced pancreatitis meet many criteria for an allergic drug reaction, antibody or lymphocyte recognition of the offending drug or its metabolite has yet to be demonstrated. A patient with sulfonamide-induced pancreatitis is reported in whom lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro by sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, and sulfasalazine. Lymphocytes from a normal volunteer were not stimulated. This in vitro lymphocyte recognition of sulfonamides provides further evidence that sulfonamide-induced pancreatitis is an allergic drug reaction.
Pancreas 1988
PMID:Sulfonamide-induced pancreatitis. 318 87


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