Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The transduodenal and transgastric route provides good access to the pancreas and to large parts of the biliary tract, and endosonography (ES) creates images of high-detail resolution. Of 87 patients examined, 33 had benign lesions of the pancreas and biliary tract. All of 12 patients with chronic calcifying pancreatitis were correctly diagnosed, and ES in addition displayed minute cysts that were missed with conventional imaging modalities. Two of three apudomas were seen with ES, and seven of eight common bile duct (CBD) stones could be identified. Adenomyosis of the papilla of Vater was missed in all of three cases. Although minor alterations of the gallbladder can be displayed by ES, benign lesions of this organ are at present not indications for ES, whereas changes in the terminal portion of the CBD are rewarding for ES examination. ES proved to be a useful morphological technique in the diagnosis of minor benign alterations of the pancreas and prepapillary stones.
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PMID:Endosonographic diagnosis of benign pancreatic and biliary lesions. 353 27

The histological investigation of 150 surgical preparations obtained from patients with chronic pancreatitis, frequently revealed pathological changes affecting the papilla of Vater, such as inflammatory infiltration (69%), fibrosis (81%), glandular hyperplasia (94%), and adenomyosis (95%). In 59% of the cases, these changes had led to a histological suspicion of papillary stricture. No statistically significant correlations were found between the degree of pathological papillary changes and the degree of chronic pancreatitis. Nevertheless, a number of case histories indicated that the pathological changes in the papilla could be both the cause and the consequence of pancreatitis. The secondary papillary stenosis caused by chronic pancreatitis could possibly maintain or accelerate the scarring process in the pancreas. Simple papillotomy would not eradicate this "obstruction to flow" of the pancreatic juice, for the pathological changes are localized mainly at the base of the papilla and often involve the pre-papillary segment of the pancreatic duct. A more sophisticated clinical diagnostic work-up of papillary function in chronic pancreatitis might, however, lead to differential treatment.
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PMID:The papilla of Vater and chronic pancreatitis. 375 8

Morphological studies of 15 polyps of the major duodenal papilla (MDP), 50 amputated MDPs and 5 ectomized MDPs from patients with chronic relapsing pancreatitis were carried out. Three groups of changes were detected: (1) variants of the structure: separate confluence of the common bile and major pancreatic ducts into the duodenum, additional pancreatic ducts, dystopia of the pancreatic gland tissue; (2) hyperplastic changes: papillomatosis of the MDP opening, intrapapillar adenomatous polyps, adenomyosis of MDP wall; (3) tumors: adenoma and carcinomas. No relationship between hyperplasias and calculi and inflammation of bile ducts was confirmed. Some kinds of MDP pathology were found to depend on variants of its structure. Papillomatosis of MDP was shown to be capable of malignancy.
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PMID:[Structural variants, hyperplastic changes and tumors of the major duodenal papilla (based on surgical material from patients with chronic recurrent pancreatitis)]. 727 4

In this paper a short overview is given about pathophysiology of Oddi's sphincter function and diagnosis as well as pharmacological therapy of the hypertonic dyskinesia. According to the pharmacological background of muscle relaxation in other organs, theophyllin preparations: aminophyllin and retard theophyllin were used to inhibit spasm of Oddi's sphincter provoked by morphine in 9 patients with hypertonic dyskinesia of biliary and/or pancreatic outlet. The enzyme elevations (SGOT and/or amylase) and pain response to morphine significantly diminished in all but one patient during the evocative tests and the effect seemed to be dose-dependent until about 500 mg of theophyllin. The long acting theophyllin may be useful in hypertonic Oddi's sphincter dyskinesia mainly in combination with nitrates to prevent nitrate tolerance and intolerance and for treatment of "idiopathic" pancreatitis as well as "postcholecystectomy" syndrome. It might prevent papillary stenosis and adenomyosis which seem to be precancerous states of the papillary tumors.
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PMID:[The effect of theophylline preparations on morphine-induced spasm of Oddi's sphincter in man]. 965 71