Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

110 patients with proven chronic pancreatitis have been studied to assess the prevalence of the various Pi phenotypes of alpha1-antitrypsin in this disease compared with a control group of 116 blood-donors. The phenotype PiMZ (including Mweak) was significantly more prevalent and PiMM significantly less so in the patients with pancreatitis. It is possible that a heterozygous deficiency of this protease inhibitor renders the pancreas more vulnerable to aetiological agents (e.g., alcohol).
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PMID:Chronic pancreatitis and alpha-1-antitrypsin. 5 76

Between 1954 and 1975, 80 pancreaticojejunostomies were performed on 77 patients for intractable pain of chronic pancreatitis. All patients had a history of chronic alcoholism. Drainage operations done primarily for pseudocysts were excluded. Operative procedures included seven caudal pancreaticojejunostomies, 42 longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomies with splenectomy and implantation of the pancreas into the jejunum, and 31 side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomies. Eighty-one percent of the patients noted substantial improvement or complete resolution of their abdominal pain on follow-up that ranged up to 21 years. The operative mortality was 5%. Thirty-two patients died during the period of the follow-up. Continued alcohol abuse, carcinoma, and cardiovascular disease were the leading causes of mortality. Data from this review confirm the effectiveness of pancreaticojejunostomy in relieving the pain of chronic relapsing pancreatitis.
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PMID:Pancreaticojejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis. Two- to 21-year follow-up. 7 68

The efficiency of ultrasound in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease was compared prospectively with that of selenomethionine isotope scanning in 46 patients presenting with abdominal pain or weight-loss or with jaundice. Of 14 patients who later proved to have pancreatic carcinoma, all had an abnormal isotope scan and 13 had an abnormal ultrasound scan. Of 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis, all had an abnormal isotope scan and 9 had an abnormal ultrasound scan. The small advantage of selenomethionine was, however, offset by a higher false-positive rate: of 22 patients who proved not to have pancreatic disease, 13 had abnormal isotope scans compared with only 3 with ultrasound. Review of earlier experience with the two techniques yielded similar results: in pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis, isotope scanning gave slightly fewer false-negative results than ultrasound but many more false-positives. Because of its lower false-positive rate, because it avoids ionising radiation, and because it can usually distinguish carcinoma from pancreatitis, ultrasound is the procedure of choice for initial investigation of patients with suspected pancreatic disease.
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PMID:Screening for pancreatic disease: A comparison of grey-scale ultrasonography and isotope scanning. 8 71

Samples of plasma or serum from 53 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, 90 relatives of CF patients , and 159 controls have been incubated with porcine or bovine 125I-trypsin, electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gel, and autoradiographed. In these individuals, the main binding protein for 125I-trypsin has been shown to be alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M). Using this method of analysis, no difference in electrophoretic migration of 125I-trypsin-alpha 2M complexes has been observed between CF and control individuals. However, trypsin binding to IgG has been observed in 80% of CF patients, 30% of their mothers, 3% of controls, and in two patients affected with pancreatitis. These trypsin binding immunoglobulins are called TbIg, and specifically, Tb1gG when referring to the G class. Experimental evidence indicates that binding of trypsin to IgG occurs through the Fab portion of the molecule. Tb1gG must be antibodies most probably induced by the exogenous trypsin ingested daily by most CF patients (and by patients affected with chronic pancreatitis). Antibodies against porcine pancreatic elastase have been observed using the same analysis, but not as frequently as Tb1g.
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PMID:Binding of 125I-labeled proteinases to plasma proteins in cystic fibrosis. 9 5

A short account of the mechanisms responsible for pleuropulmonary affections in the course of pancreatitis is followed by the presentation of personal cases observed over the previous four years and reference is made to the relatively high frequency of pleuropneumopathy. Lastly, mention is made of the treatment of pancreatitis. Recent criteria lay down that this should be conservative and medico-intensive in the acute stage. Surgery should be left for cases of peritonitic abdomen (exploratory laparotomy) and chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:[The pancreatico-respiratory syndrome. Problems of intensive therapy and illustration of 5 clinical cases]. 9 18

A picture of acute abdomen developed in a 25-year-old patient with recurrent duodenal ulcers after subcutaneous injection of pentagastrin for a gastric secretion test. Laparotomy undertaken for suspected perforated ulcer revealed an acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Healing and freedom from complaint occurred rapidly with drug therapy. The following are to be considered as possible causes for pancreatitis after subcutaneous application of pentagastrin: exacerbation of the ulcer, an acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, a direct effect of pentagastrin on the pancreas, increased pancreatic secretion due to the stimulation of gastric acid, reflux of duodenal contents or bile, arterial hypotension with local acidosis in the pancreas. Attention must always be paid to contra-indications of gastric juice analysis.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis following gastric secretion analysis by pentagastrin stimulation (author's transl)]. 10 81

The accuracy of ERCP in the differentiation between carcinoma of the pancreas and chronic pancreatitis is evaluated in a series of 39 cases with proved final diagnosis. The specificity of 6 different morphological types of duct alterations for carcinoma or for chronic pacreatitis is analyzed. - The accuracy of differentiation was 90% in the present series. Long, irregular stenosis or localized destruction of ductal branches were found in carcinoma only. Short, smooth stenosis or diffuse duct alterations were present in pancreatitis only. Total obstruction was found in both diseases in about the same frequency.
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PMID:[The differentaition between malignant and benign lesions by retrograde pancreaticography]. 13 18

Massive ascites is are complication, but not exceptional, in pancreatitis. In a series of ten personal cases and a review of one hundred cases in the world literature, the authors attempt to define the main pathological and clinical characteristics of this disease and the best treatment. Ascites may follow abdominal trauma, involving the pancreas, sometimes it occurs during known chronic pancreatitis, often it is the first sign of pancreatic disease, whether acute or chronic. High levels of pancreatic enzymes in the ascitic fluid are the main factor in diagnosis of pancreatic ascites. The mechanism of formation of the ascites is loss of pancreatic fluid into the peritoneal cavity owing to a breach in the pancreas, the presence of enzyme-rich fluid, causing secondarily "chemical" peritonitis. Paracentesis abdominis or drainage of the fluid during exploratory laparotomy, permits one to obtain in certain cases, a cure of the ascites, but surgical drainage by an anastomosis between the pancreatic cyst and the digestive tract (pancreatico-digestive anastomosis), has the advantage of ensuring treatment of the ascites and of the responsible pancreatic disease.
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PMID:[Massive ascites in pancreatitis. Review apropos of 10 personal cases]. 17 57

In a review of arteriograms of 72 unselected consecutive cases of pancreatitis, seven patients were found to have arterial aneurysms involving branches of the peripancreatic vessels. During the same period, arteriograms of 84 cases of carcinoma of the pancreas were reviewed and no aneurysms of any of these vessels were found. The demonstration of aneurysms of the peripancreatic arteries in pancreatitis is an important differential feature from carcinoma of the pancreas. Both carcinoma of the pancreas and chronic pancreatitis can cause encasement of the arterial vessels and obstruction of the splenic or the superior mesenteric vein, therefore resulting in a similar angiographic appearance. Thus an aneurysm seen in such a patient is a helpful distinguishing feature. In addition, these aneurysms are an important source of hemorrhage and mortality in pancreatitis.
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PMID:Aneurysms secondary to pancreatitis. 18 22

17 oral glucose tolerance tests with simultaneous estimation of plasma insulin, were carried out in 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis of which 7 were of calcific type. Among these patients, 10 had obvious diabetes and 3 chemical diabetes. The disorders of glucose regulation were more common in the calcific form of the disease. Serum insulin was then lower and not stimulant. The curves of plasma insulin obtained in non-calcific pancreatitis were variable. In hyperinsulinism, the oral glucose tolerance test showed flat or normal curves. In hypoinsulinism, the glucose tolerance tests were either normal or strongly pathological. This insulinism, as shown by this study of chronic pancreatitis, seems to be linked to an imbalance in the cell distribution of the islets of Langerhans. The role of glucagon appears preponderant.
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PMID:[Study of insulin secretion in chronic pancreatitis]. 18 95


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