Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From a total of 734 children with a blunt abdominal trauma admitted to the hospital in the past 15 years, 21 patients (3%) sustained an isolated injury of the bowel (8 duodenal, 9 jejunal and 4 colon ruptures). All patients were laparotomized without a postoperative mortality. Accompanying abdominal injuries were seen only in duodenal ruptures (pancreatitis and one choledochal and pancreatic ruptures). In 85% the blunt violence was caused by bicycle accidents due to the handle bar, in one case by a car accident and in 3 children by falls. Accurate diagnosis was only possible regarding the history, the mechanism of the accident and an exact repeated clinical examination. Despite further investigations of blood chemistry laboratory findings, ultrasound and x-ray, no further confirmation of the diagnosis could be achieved. Complications, occurring in 14% of our patients, were not related to the trauma itself, but caused by a delayed diagnosis and therapy.
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PMID:Isolated bowel injury in blunt abdominal trauma in childhood. 147 60

In three autopsy cases performed in our department, we observed the throat-skeleton fractures occurring presumably during the tracheal intubation in resuscitation. Case 1. 63-year-old man died of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis shortly after the quarrel with a suspected person. The autopsy examination showed the fractured hyoid bone with haemorrhage at the fracture site. The question whether direct pressure on his neck by the suspected person results the fracture of the hyoid bone was investigated. Case 2. 75-year-old man treated for senile dementia was clubbed with a walking stick by the other patient treated for same disease and he died of traumatic shock. The fracture of the hyoid bone was also noted like case 1. The strike in the throat and/or the neck compression by the assailant were suspected of being the cause of this fracture. Case 3. 47-year-old man got the severe head injury during the quarrel. He died about two weeks after operation and the cause of death was multiple organ failure. The autopsy findings revealed the fracture of the superior thyroid horn. The neck compression by the suspected person was the questionable cause of this fracture. In all these cases, the asphyxia findings and the signs of the direct pressure on the neck by the assailants were not recognized other than the above-mentioned laryngeal fractures. From the autopsy findings, together with the criminal investigation, we consider collectively that the tracheal intubation in resuscitation induced presumably these laryngeal injuries. In general, throat-skeleton fractures seem to be the signs of homicidal violence against the neck.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Laryngeal fractures due presumably to tracheal intubation in resuscitation]. 161 13

Increasing surgical experience with the immediate consequences of pancreatic injuries has resulted from parallel growth in the volume of motor vehicle accidents and societal violence. However, few surgeons are aware that complications may be considerably delayed following pancreatic trauma, occurring in some cases months to years after apparent recovery from the original injury. In four patients with blunt pancreatic trauma initially treated by non-operative means, stricture of the main pancreatic duct developed over a period of months as a result of progressive fibrosis at the site of ductal injury. Pancreatic duct hypertension was demonstrated to be present in the obstructed duct, and secondary changes of chronic pancreatitis developed in the obstructed segment of the gland ("upstream" chronic pancreatitis). Seven similar patients with delayed onset of chronic obstructive pancreatitis after pancreatic trauma were found in the literature. Symptoms related to these acquired ductal strictures are most commonly those of abdominal pain and recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. Recognition of post-traumatic chronic obstructive pancreatitis principally involves awareness that injuries to the pancreatic duct can produce remote complications. Pancreatoenteric drainage, or resection of the obstructed segment of pancreas, provides prompt and effective relief.
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PMID:Chronic obstructive pancreatitis as a delayed complication of pancreatic trauma. 177 10

A retrospective review of the Grenfell Regional Health Services experience with pancreatitis over a 20-year period (1968-1987) has been presented. The small number of cases in this series precludes meaningful statistical analysis, however, in general, one can state that native peoples are represented in this study in roughly the same proportion as they are represented in the population served. We have demonstrated that pancreatitis in its chronic form does occur in the Inuit of Northern Labrador. Given the prominent role that alcohol abuse plays in the social and behavioral ills of Labrador's native peoples as reflected in the high incidence of family violence, accidental deaths, and suicides, one might anticipate a disproportionately high incidence of pancreatitis and its chronic sequelae among the Inuit. The answer to this seeming paradox may be found through future study of the nature of the alcohol consumed, its pattern of consumption or of genetically-determined differences in the metabolism of alcohol and its toxic effects within the body, of differences in the composition of pancreatic secretions, or of environmental and dietary factors.
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PMID:Pancreatitis in northern Newfoundland and Labrador: a 20-year review of the Grenfell Regional Health Services experience. 230 86

The innervation of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) has been extensively studied experimentally, but human studies have not been published, which is why this study was undertaken. Biopsies, taken by gastroscopy-biopsy forceps from duodenal epithelium of the papilla of Vater and from ampullary epithelium after sphincterotomy, did not demonstrate nerves and could not be used for studying SO innervation. Therefore SO specimens were obtained from brain-dead organ donors (N = 5) and from autopsies (N = 14). By staining with a myelin marker S-100, a rich network of nerves was demonstrated in SO. The occurrence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), peptide histidine-isoleucine (PHI) (or its immunologically similar human equivalent peptide histidine methioninamide, PHM), neuropeptide Y, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), galanin, substance P, enkephalin, bombesin, and somatostatin were studied by immunohistochemical technique. SO demonstrated immunoreactivity for VIP, PHI (PHM), neuropeptide Y, CGRP, galanin, somatostatin, substance P, and enkephalin, but no immunoreactivity was observed for bombesin. The SO immunoreactivity was similar in specimens from organ donors and from autopsies of victims of violence without pancreatobiliary diseases (N = 3) when the specimens were taken within 48 hr of death. Autopsy specimens of SO from subjects with gallstone disease (N = 5), recurrent pancreatitis (N = 3) or periampullary carcinoma (N = 3) also demonstrated similar immunoreactivity. We conclude that VIP-, PHI- (PHM-), neuropeptide Y-, CGRP-, galanin-, substance P-, somatostatin-, and enkephalin-like immunoreactivity occur in human SO. These neuropeptides may have role in the neural control of human SO function.
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PMID:Peptidergic innervation of human sphincter of Oddi. 831 11

Unhealthy alcohol use is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Among military personnel, service members between the ages 18 and 25 had a 27.3% prevalence of heavy drinking in the previous 30 days, compared to 15.3% among civilians in the same age group. In the civilian world, > 100 million patients are treated in U.S. emergency departments (ED) annually; 7.9% of these visits are alcohol related. Alcohol is associated with a broad range of health consequences that may ultimately present in the ED setting: traumatic injuries (e.g., motor vehicle crashes, intentional violence, falls); environmental injuries (e.g., frostbite); cardiovascular problems (e.g., hypertension, dilated cardiomyopathy); gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., hepatitis, pancreatitis, gastrointestinal bleeding); neurological problems (e.g., encephalopathy, alcohol withdrawal, withdrawal seizures), as well as psychological problems (e.g., depression, suicide). Seminal work has been done to create behavioral interventions for at-risk drinkers. These motivational interventions have been found to be successful in encouraging clients to change their risky behaviors. We present such a technique, called the Brief Negotiated Interview as performed in a civilian ED setting, in hopes of adapting it for use in the military context. Military health care providers could easily adapt this technique to help reduce risky levels of alcohol consumption among service members, retirees, or military dependents.
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PMID:Brief interventions to reduce harmful alcohol use among military personnel: lessons learned from the civilian experience. 1680 38

Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP). The sensitivity of the pancreas, which may respond with such violence to the slightest pressure exerted at the entrance to its main duct in the papilla of Vater, is even philosophically surprising. In fact, each touch on the papilla increases the potential for pancreatitis development. The initial stimulus resulting in obstruction of pancreatic secretion may be the edema caused by the catheter's physical contact, the thermal effect of sphincterotomy, or the overdistension induced by the injected contrast. The triggering fact is followed by a release of inflammatory cytokines, which induce changes in pancreatic microcirculation.
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PMID:Should we administer rectal anti-inflammatory drugs in all ERCPs in order to prevent pancreatitis? At least, it does not harm! 3198 57