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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The history of a 27-year-old woman with 10 years of episodic abdominal pain and the development of calcific pancreatitis secondary to hyperlipoproteinemia is presented. The relationship between familial and alcoholic hyperlipidemia and pancreatitis is discussed as well as the mechanism of injury to the pancreas.
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PMID:Calcific pancreatitis in a patient with type 5 hyperlipoproteinemia. 22 44

Numerous noninvasive and invasive imaging modalities are available for the study of pancreatic disease. Disappointingly, the radiographic demonstration of a pancreatic neoplasm is more successful than the treatment of the disease. The proximity of large vascular structures to the pancreas makes its study technically difficult and explains why vascular invasion is readily caused by dispersion of pancreatic secretions (as seen in pancreatitis) or by neoplastic infiltration. The latter heralds nonresectability. Needle biopsy under fluoroscopic or echographic control appears to be gaining popularity as a simple, sensitive and specific method for establishing the diagnosis of pancreatic malignancy. Angiography has its highest yield in the diagnosis of islet cell tumors because they are generally hypervascular. This technique has been complemented by selective catheterization of pancreatic veins followed by hormone bioassay determinations.
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PMID:Morphologic-radiographic correlations of the pancreas. 22 92

We have studied a family in which three people, two child and an adult had hereditary pancreatitis. Hereditary pancreatitis is not a common disease. Abdominal pain is usually the first clinical sign in children. The knowledge of the existence of such a disease and familiarity with the family history of the child allow the pediatrician to make the diagnosis as soon as the first crisis appears. Surgery is thus avoided. Our studies show definitively that this disease is hereditary and is autosomal dominant with a strong decrease of the penetrance.
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PMID:[Hereditary chronic pancreatitis: an autosomal dominant disease (author's transl)]. 22 88

Mengo virus has been described to cause, in dependence on the virus dose, lethal panencephalomyelitis and exocrine pancreatitis in mice after i.p. inoculation. Two immunosuppressive agents, cyclophosphamide and 1,3-bis(piperidinomethyl)-5-ethyl-5-phenyl-barbituric acid (ZIMET 176/68), were shown to potentiate Mengo virus infection as demonstrated by histopathology and enhanced mortality. Organotropism of Mengo virus did not change under the drug treatment. However, the histological lesions in brain, spinal cord and pancreas failed to exhibit any inflammatory reaction in case of cyclophosphamide, due to its antiphlogistic properties. Considering the mode of action of the drugs employed and the pathogenesis of Mengo virus infection in mice, it is concluded that in the system used both cyclophosphamide and ZIMET 176/68 exert their potentiating effects by interfering with primary virus-macrophage interaction.
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PMID:Pathogenicity of Mengo virus to mice. III. Potentiation of infection by immunosuppressants. 22 63

The association of chronic pancreatitis with diabetes is not very common. Men are the usual victims and ethylism the usual cause. The most common age of onset is between 40 and 50. Insulin treatment is much more frequent than for idiopathic diabetics. Diabetic heredity is probable. Calcifying pancreatitis is the most frequent form. Micro and macroangiopathic complications are found. A statistical comparative study with a matched series of idiopathic diabetics reveals no difference in the onset of vascular complications. The rate of triglycerides is statistically lower in pancreatitis (p less than 0.001). The other biological rates are the same (cholesterol, uricemy, alpha 2 macroglobulin). Diabetic stability is no more difficult to obtain than for idiopathic diabetics. In most cases the diet should be wide and alcohol must be prohibited.
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PMID:[Diabetes and chronic pancreatitis. Report of twenty cases (author's transl)]. 23 6

The authors report a series of 30 cases of acute pancreatitis associated with cholelithiasis. There were 9 cases of necrotizing pancreatitis and the latter group included the 4 deaths observed in this series. Clinical, radiological and laboratory data were in favor of this association in 24 out of the 30 cases. Cholelithiasis appeared to be directly responsible for initiating the pancreatitis in 1/3 of cases. In another 1/3 of cases the mecanism was thought to be related to scarring of the sphincter of Oddi. In the remaining 1/3 of cases no direct relationship could be found. On the basis of these findings, the authors recommend that emergency surgery be reserved for these cases in which cholelithiasis appears to be the etiology. (The biliary syndrome overshadowing the pancreatic syndrome) and to postpone treatment of pancreatic lesions. In all other cases, the authors suggest to keep elective surgery, for after a period of initial conservative treatment with the hope of then treating together biliary and pancreatic lesions.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis and cholelithiasis. A study of thirty cases (author's transl)]. 23 83

The enzyme gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is widely distributed throughout the body, notably kidney, seminal vesicles, pancreas, liver, spleen and brain. Being one of the enzymes of the gamma-glutamyl cycle, it is involved in aminoacid transport, catalysing a transpeptidation reaction between gamma-glutamyl peptides and most common amino acids. Methods of assay of the enzyme are based on its ability also to act on synthetic amides of glutamic acid; kinetic methods monitoring the release of p-nitroaniline from the substrate L-gamma-glutamyl p-nitroanilide are the most satisfactory. In diseases of the liver, the highest levels occur in association with cirrhosis, alcoholism, hepatic secondaries and cholestasis. As the enzyme is present in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocyte, its activity is increased in situations leading to microsomal enzyme induction. Raised levels can also occur in pancreatitis, diabetes, myocardial infarction, congestive cardiac failure, chronic renal failure, cerebrovascular accidents, cerebral tumours and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Although the lack of specificity must be recognised, the estimation can be useful in the elucidation of some clearly defined problems arising during investigation of patients with suspected hepatic disease, especially where performed as part of a biochemical profile.
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PMID:Role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease. 24 76

The shock in general, including that of acute pancreatitis, presents, according to our conception, as an energetic disease involving primarily the cell (by the intensive catabolic processes induced by the pancreatic lesion) and secondarily the most peripheral and mobile sector, that of the hemodynamic compartment. There is no etiological treatment of pancreatitis (the exceptions are very rare), and this is the reason for which we adopt a conservative attitude, and medical treatment, in the acute stage of the disease. The basic treatment of the shock of acute pancreatitis is considered to be the re-establishment of the circulatory volume with the aid of non-colloidal isotonic solutions that are given in large amounts (8-17 liters in a 24-hour period) under continuous perfusion. This technique is called hyperhydration or transrenal dialysis. Making use of this technique in the treatment of shock occurring in the course of acute pancreatitis the death-rate recorded was as low as 2,3% and the number of complications was very low.
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PMID:[The value of non-specific general therapy of shock caused by acute pancreatitis]. 24 39

Fine-needle cholangiography (FNC) in the jaundiced patient is well established, but its role in the diagnostic work-up of nonjaundiced patients has not been emphasized. We present 44 consecutive nonjaundiced patients with a serum bilirubin level of 2.4 mg% of less who underwent FNC. The indications were recurrent RUQ pain (77%), painless cholestasis (16%), and relapsing pancreatitis (7%). In all but two patients, one or more inconclusive techniques [oral cholecystography, ultrasonography, intravenous cholangiography, or endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC)] had been employed prior to FNC. Biliary tract opacification was successful in 35 of 44 (80%). In nine of 35 (26%) choledocholithiasis and/or cholelithiasis was present. In four (11%) a significant extrahepatic biliary stricture was noted. More than five needle insertions were often required for successful entry. No complications occurred. Indications for FNC should be extended to include nonjaundiced patients with RUQ pain or painless cholestasis in whom oral cholecystography, ultrasonography, and intravenous cholangiography have been of no diagnostic help. The relative ease and low cost of FNC make it preferable to ERC in these patients.
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PMID:Fine-needle cholangiography (FNC) in the nonjaundiced patient. 26 37

Pancreatitis is a rare disease under the age of 15 years, and expecially so when associated with gallstones. A case is reported here of a young girl who had acute pancreatitis and was subsequently found to have gallstones. She made an uneventful recovery and remains symptom-free after cholecystectomy.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis associated with gallstones in a twelve-year-old girl. 26 21


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