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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Computed body tomography has become useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease. Pancreatitis frequently results in lateral and posterior extension of inflammatory tissue into the pararenal fat planes, which can be visualized by CT. In our series it was associated with clinically diagnosed pancreatitis. Of 100 cases studied for abdominal pathology where pancreatic visualization was optimum, 10 had enlargement of the pancreas with destruction of soft tissue planes extending into the left pararenal space and clinical findings of pancreatitis. Carcinoma of the pancreas was identified in 12; no abnormality was identified in 49; the remaining cases were mixed intraabdominal and retroperitoneal pathology. The value of this sign lies in separating inflammatory processes from neoplastic disease; the sign was not found in normals.
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PMID:A new computed tomographic sign of pancreatitis. 11 7

Despite frequent metastatic involvement of the pancreas at postmortem examination in patients with small cell lung cancer, clinically observed pancreatitis due to metastatic pancreatic tumor rarely has been reported. This communication describes three cases of clinical acute pancreatitis occurring in a consecutive series of 40 patients with oat cell lung cancer. This complication may appear either as the initial manifestation of the neoplasm or during a recrudescent phase of the malignant growth. The diagnosis should be suspected in the presence of the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features of acute pancreatitis in patients with known small cell carcinoma of the lung, especially if there is evidence of progression of the neoplastic disease elsewhere and no response to conservative medical management. Aggressive treatment with polychemotherapy can produce rapid clinical improvement and useful prolongation of survival.
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PMID:Metastasis-induced acute pancreatitis in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. 22 Sep 25

Twenty patients with massive abdominal hemorrhage related to chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic neoplasms and arteriovenous malformations were studied angiographically. Abdominal hemorrhage drained most frequently into the gastrointestinal tract, but also flowed through cutaneous drain sites and fistulas, intraperitoneally, into pseudocysts and once into a large pancreatic tumor. The most common angiographic observation in pancreatitis was pseudoaneurysm formation. Both patients with arteriovenous malformation had dilated, racemose feeding arteries and early dense filling of the draining veins. Three patients had pancreatic carcinoma and documented bleeding from gastroesophageal varices related to portal or splenic vein occlusion by the tumor. Five patients were treated by vasopressin infusion, balloon tamponade, or therapeutic embolization.
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PMID:Angiography of massive hemorrhage secondary to pancreatic diseases. 30 42

By the use of [11C]methionine and positron computed tomography (PCT), images of the pancreas were obtained in 32 patients. The injection of between 10 and 20 mCi of this product enables four to six transverse sections to be obtained. Seventeen of the patients studied had no exocrine pancreatic disease, and in all these cases the pancreas was clearly visible. In four cases of pancreatic carcinoma and one of retroperitoneal tumor, there were abnormalities visible. In five cases of chronic pancreatitis, no pancreatic uptake was observed. In a sixth case, concentration was visible, but only in the head of the pancreas. One case of acute pancreatitis, which showed no concentration during the acute phase, returned to normal after recovery. When visible, the pancreas was easily located and distinguishable from the intestinal image, except in two cases that were uninterpretable for technical reasons. No false positive or negative was observed, but a differential diagnosis between cancer and pancreatitis was impossible.
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PMID:[11C]methionine pancreatic scanning with positron emission computed tomography. 31 98

A modified leukocyte adherence inhibition assay was performed on white blood cells from patients with ductal pancreatic cancer, other malignancies, benign gastrointestinal diseases including pancreatitis, and healthy controls, using four different ductal pancreatic cancer membrane preparations and similar preparations from gastric and colorectal cancers. A mean adherence index of less than or equal to 0.2 was evidence that the leukocytes "recognized" the antigen(s). In 9 of 10 patients with localized pancreatic cancer, 13 of 15 leukocyte populations "recognized" the pancreatic cancer antigen(s) and not other tested antigen(s). Leukocytes from only 11 of 18 patients (17 of 29 assays) with metastatic pancreatic cancer "recognized" the pancreatic tumor antigen (and no other antigen). The inability to recognize the pancreatic tumor antigen(s) was not related to nutritional, biochemical or therapeutic status of the patient, but was related to the demonstration of a response to skin test antigens. In contrast, 3 of 35 leukocyte populations in 2 of 31 patients with malignancies other than pancreatic, 1 of 28 with benign gastrointestinal disease, and one of 38 healthy control populations "recognized" the antigen. The LAI is worthy of further study in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Selectivity of the micro-leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in pancreatic cancer. 37 83

Tumor-specific immunity to carcinoma of the colon, pancreas and stomach was assayed by tube LAI. Cancers of the colon, pancreas and stomach, were shown to possess organ-type specific neoantigens. In 115 patients with colon cancer, 100%, 75%, 61% with Dukes' A, B and C cancer were LAI positive, respectively. Even a microfocus of in situ cancer in a colon adenoma was sufficient to stimulate measurable tumor-specific immunity in the host. In Dukes' D cancer, 25% of patients with widespread metastasis were positive, whereas 100% with solitary lesions were positive. Reactive leukocytes from patients with colon cancer did not react to extracts of normal bowel mucosa or villous adenoma from LAI-negative patients. Leukocytes from 19% (3 of 16) of patients with colon adenomas reacted to the extract of colon cancer but not normal colon mucosa. Moreover, the LAI-positive response of the patients with colon adenomas or colon cancer is directed to a colon cancer TSA which is linked to beta2-microglobulin. These studies suggest that some colon adenomas express TSA before morphological evidence of cancer. It is not known if the acquisition of a cell surface TSA is an irreversible step toward unrestrained growth and metastasis. In pancreatic cancer, 100% of patients with cancers less than 5 cm and without metastasis were LAI positive, whereas 29% were positive when the cancer was greater than 5 cm or had metastasized. In Patients with stomach cancer, 100% with Stage II and 46% with Stage III and IV cancer were LAI-positive. Leukocytes from patients with other GIT cancers and from patients with inflammatory bowel disease or pancreatitis did not react with extracts of colon, stomach or pancreatic cancer. Leukocytes from patients with metastatic cancer, usually did not react in the tube LAI assay because their surfaces were coated in vivo with TSA. LAI reactivity was present when CEA was not detectable and when CEA levels were elevated LAI activity was often absent. The present study suggests that the automated tube LAI shows sufficient promise to warrant studies to determine its efficacy for the diagnosis of GIT cancers.
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PMID:Tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay in gastrointestinal (GIT) cancer. 37 89

Reference is made to several indicative cases in a personal series. Their comparative examination with a scanner and a gamma camera computer showed that: a) noticeably different findings were given by the two methods with regard to cystic, neoplastic, and inflammatory lesions of the pancreas, whereas; b) computerised subtraction was much more sensitive in lesions due to cysts and pancreatitis, even though there was no significant difference between the two methods in the case of neoplasia.
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PMID:[Comparison between automatic substraction devices and computer subtraction in radioisotope pancreatography]. 38 84

Three hundred forty of 5,086 patients undergoing operations on the extrahepatic biliary trees at the Swedish and University of Washington Hospitals in Seattle between 1956 and 1970 required reoperation on this system. This figure for reoperations did not include procedures for subhepatic or subphrenic abscess and/or wound complications. The most common cause for reoperation was an attempt to retrieve a residual or recurrent common duct stone (26.8% of the cases). The second most common cause for re-exploration was a tumor obstructing the common bile duct (18.9%). Less frequent causes for secondary surgery were stenosis of the ampulla of Vater (10.3%), bile duct injury (12.1%), pancreatitis (10.3%), inflammatory stricture (1.5%), cystic duct remnant (5%), and many other less important problems. Thus 4.7% or almost one in 20 of all our biliary operations were secondary. We feel that operative cholangiograms supplemented by manometry are the useful adjunct towards finding otherwise undetectable biliary pathology, whether on the basis of stones, tumors, or structures. We also feel that placement of T-tubes with a large arm going to the surface will allow the removal of most stones left behind after common bile duct explorations with the assistance of directable stone baskets.
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PMID:Causes for 340 reoperations on the extrahepatic bile ducts. 44 99

The vascular architecture of the pancreas has been described, but few reports indicate preoperative accuracy. During the last 3 years, selective superior mesenteric and celiac angiography was performed in 471 patients. In 35 of these patients, additional selective angiography of the superior pancreaticoduodenal and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries was performed to reveal the detailed vascular pattern of the pancreas and its surrounding structures. Exploratory surgery was performed in all patients except the four control subjects. The angiographic findings reflected a poorly vascularized infiltrating lesion with invasion of the blood vessels and serpiginous encasements. Peripancreatic extension of the tumor indicated nonresectability. In early pancreatitis, the pancreas showed increased vascularity and occasional stretched vessels. In more advanced pancreatitis, the arteries were prominent and irregular with increased parenchymal accumulation of contrast medium in the capillary phase. In pseudocysts of the pancreas, the only finding was stretching of the vessels around the lesion. A well circumscribed lesion with increased contrast medium in the capillary and venous phases diagnostic of pancreatic adenoma. Pancreatic angiography is an important diagnostic tool in evaluating and staging pancreatic neoplasms.
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PMID:Role of angiography in the diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms. 49 55

Rapid tumor lysis may produce acute complications including systemic metabolic disturbances and hemorrhage in sites involved by tumor. We have observed two cases of acute pancreatitis induced by the lysis of lymphoma that involved the pancreas. This previously unreported cause of pancreatitis must be added to the list of potential complications associated with effective cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Tumor lysis pancreatitis. 50 73


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