Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 genital infection had dissemination in the 37th week of her first pregnancy. This was manifested by severe hepatitis, pancreatitis, and genital lesions. Temporary improvement followed the delivery of a healthy infant by cesarean section. Encephalitis became evident on the third postpartum day, and recovery was complicated by profound bradycardia, possibly due to viral myocarditis. Vidarabine was administered for seven days, and the patient survived with only mild neurologic sequellae. To our knowledge, this the fourth reported case of disseminated herpesvirus infection in pregnancy and the first due to HSV type 2. Pregnancy must be considered as a possible predisposing factor in dissemination of primary HSV infection.
 ...
PMID:Disseminated herpesvirus infection. Association with primary genital herpes in pregnancy. 17 38

We report the case of a 29 year-old man who died from rabies in France, following a dog-bite during a trip in Mexico. Although it was clinically suspected, the diagnosis was uncertain until he died because of digestive, cardiac and psychiatric misleading symptoms associated to the neurologic disorders. Post mortem diagnosis was based upon virological study in immunofluorescence on cerebral smears, viral isolation on cell-culture, and ELISA. It was confirmed by light microscopy examination which showed numerous Negri bodies, and ultrastructural study of the rhabdovirus in the central nervous system. Extranervous lesions, especially myocarditis and pancreatitis, were observed and their meaning is discussed. The physician is exceptionally confronted to the diagnosis of human rabies in France. Nevertheless, the lack of compulsory antirabic vaccination and the increase of touring in enzootic countries increase the risk of infection. As an intra vitam diagnosis in frequently lacking, the diagnosis of rabies infection needs a complete post mortem virological study as well as an histological and ultrastructural examination of the central nervous system.
 ...
PMID:[Rabies encephalomyelitis with myocarditis and pancreatitis. Report on a case recently imported into France]. 129 55

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is increasingly used to treat patients with cancers refractory to conventional treatment. Flu-like syndromes are extremely frequent but usually mild. A variety of skin complications (mostly erythema and mucositis) have been reported. Life-threatening skin reactions have also been described. Acute reactivation of psoriasis can also occur. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions have so far not been described, but IL-2 treatment has been shown to predispose to acute hypersensitivity reactions to iodine-containing contrast media. Hypothyroidism is the major endocrine complication and antithyroid antibodies have been detected in approximately 50% of patients. Neurological and psychiatric disturbances with moderate or severe mental status changes are common and sometimes treatment-limiting. The occurrence of peritumoural oedema in patients with brain metastases can also be a major practical problem. Musculoskeletal disorders are transient and resolve spontaneously. The vascular leak syndrome is the most frequent and severe complication of IL-2 of which weight gain, generalised oedema, hypotension and impaired renal function are the main features. Even though a damaging effect on vascular endothelium cells by various cytokines released by activated lymphoid cells or mediated by non-lymphocyte-dependent factors has been proposed to be involved, the mechanism remains unclear. Other cardiovascular injuries, possibly life-threatening, including myocarditis, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, can occur during the first days of treatment. Supraventricular arrhythmias are the most common rhythmic disorder. Decreases in myocardial contractility and haemodynamic pattern similar to those of septic shock have been encountered in most cases. Acute renal dysfunction is common but resolves with symptomatic management. Intrahepatic cholestasis with hyperbilirubinaemia is observed in most patients but permanent liver damage has not been described. Several cases of pancreatitis have been reported. Anaemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphocytopenia and eosinophilia are frequent and occur in most if not all patients. Some data suggest a high incidence of infectious complications, particularly in patients with surgically tunnelled catheters, but marked flu-like syndromes may be confounding. Finally, death directly related to IL-2 treatment has been noted in less than 1% of all patients. Investigations are under way to minimise IL-2 toxicity with varying dose regimens and combined treatments.
 ...
PMID:Clinical toxicity of interleukin-2. 141 98

The role of natural killer (NK) cells in the early immune response to a pancreatropic isolate of coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) was investigated in a murine model of pancreatitis. Endogenous (background) NK cell activity in fresh spleen effector cells from eight mouse strains was compared with virus-augmented NK cell activity 4 days post-infection (p.i.). A significant virus-induced increase (P less than or equal to 0.003) in NK cell activity was seen in seven of eight infected mouse strains, when virus titres in the pancreas were beginning to fall. Lesions in the exocrine pancreas were least extensive in the three strains with the highest endogenous NK cell activity. In C3H/HeJ mice that had been depleted of NK cells prior to infection with a low virus concentration, resistance to infection of the pancreas was completely abolished; myocarditis was also observed in one of these animals. Thus, NK cells may limit virus replication in the pancreas and play a role in resistance in C3H/HeJ mice. Virus-specific neutralizing antibody was not detected in the serum until 5 to 6 days p.i. in most strains and did not appear to influence pancreatic virus titres. It may be significant that CVB4 infection did not induce the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on target acinar cells. With certain tumour cells, an inverse relationship between MHC class I expression and susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis is well documented.
 ...
PMID:Coxsackievirus B4 infection of the mouse pancreas: the role of natural killer cells in the control of virus replication and resistance to infection. 160 59

Balb/C weanling mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with a myocarditic variant of coxsackie-virus B3, with the aim of characterizing more fully the cell damage induced in the heart as well as in other organs. During the first week postinfection (pi), all animals developed acinar pancreatitis, followed by focal myocarditis. In accordance with the increasing infectivity titers, such progressive histopathological changes correlated with local viral replication. From day 4 pi, acinar degeneration accompanied by diffuse inflammatory exudate was observed in the pancreas, followed by fatty tissue replacement by day 8. In the heart, focal necrosis rather than inflammatory reaction first appeared at 4 days pi and became widespread by 6-8 days pi. Necrotic foci usually presented calcium deposits, with absence of myofibrils in the affected fibers. The fact that both periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and Best carmine staining remained positive even after diastase treatment ruled out basophilic necrosis. In summary, the pancreas appeared to be the site of primary viral replication leading to viremia.
 ...
PMID:Murine acinar pancreatitis preceding necrotizing myocarditis after Coxsackievirus B3 inoculation. 166 7

Ten patients with the syndrome of non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma are described. The mean age of the patients was 62.3 +/- 17.12 years. One patient was 16 years old. In 9 cases the patients had type II diabetes, one had type I diabetes. In 7 cases the coma was the first sign of diabetes. The factor predisposing in most cases was infection. In the treatment-acting insulin and hypotonic solutions were given. In 2 cases clinical signs of the DIS syndrome were observed manifesting themselves with local changes, including mental disturbances. Heparin was given with good effect. Three patients (30%) died in hospital. The cause of death was serious disease associated with this coma: pancreatitis and myocarditis, purulent bronchopneumonia, myocardial infarction.
 ...
PMID:[Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma]. 240 21

Only recently have we begun to fully realize the diversity of virions within a single human isolate of the group B Coxsackieviruses. These intratypic (strain) differences may be one of the important factors influencing pathogenesis, e.g., myocarditis vs. pancreatitis. Yet, until the virion strains within a type can be well differentiated, a thorough analysis of the pathogenic potential of each is not possible. We compared two human isolates, JVB and Edwards, and 15 isolates derived from these two in search of determinants of strain specificity and to evaluate the diversity/stability of neutralization epitopes on the virions comprising each isolate. Polyclonal antisera failed to show strain specific determinants. However, monoclonal antibodies directed to individual neutralization epitopes defined strain specific differences. Plaque reduction neutralization tests with these monoclonal antibodies allowed the quantitation of the expression of epitopes on the virions in each isolate. These data helped to establish the limits of diversity and stability of the neutralization epitopes of Coxsackievirus B4 virions and describe the changes in epitopes among laboratory isolates.
 ...
PMID:Neutralization epitope diversity of coxsackievirus B4 isolates detected by monoclonal antibodies. 242 30

Among a total of 634,440 autopsy cases in "The Annuals of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan" from 1958 to 1984, 929 cases with nonspecific myocarditis were registered. The average incidence was 0.15%, fluctuating around 3- to 5-year intervals with a remarkable rise observed after 1974. The major complications in cases of myocarditis were pneumonitis, hepatitis or hepatic cirrhosis, pancreatitis, malignancies, lymphatic or thymic involvements. A clinicopathological study of 36 cases of myocarditis and 27 cases of postmyocarditic cardiomegaly indicated a classification of acute, subacute, healing and chronic or recurrent stages as well as dilatation-hypertrophy- and right ventricle-dominant types. Acute myocarditis was characterized by diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration and showed various types of arrhythmias and shock. Subacute myocarditis showed ventricular dilatation, edematous interstitium and severe congestive heart failure. Chronic myocarditis with dilatation and/or hypertrophy and irregular fibrosis included right ventricular involvement, endomyocardial disease, sick sinus syndrome in selected cases, congestive heart failure in most cases, and showed a male predominancy. Postmyocarditic cardiomegaly was similar to chronic myocarditis but showed more hypertrophy, preexcitation waves and prominent negative T waves in electrocardiography and sudden death.
 ...
PMID:Nonspecific myocarditis: a statistical and clinicopathological study of autopsy cases. 252 82

Coxsackievirus B3 infection in mice was studied histopathologically, by virus isolation and by nucleic acid hybridization after intraperitoneal inoculation of the virus. Extensive viraemia was detected for 1-3 days post-infection. All mice developed necrotizing acute pancreatitis and focal myocarditis. Pancreatitis eventually lead to complete atrophy of the exocrine pancreas. However, the islets of Langerhans and pancreatic ducts remained morphologically intact. Virus could be demonstrated in pancreatic tissue for 1-5 days post-infection by in-situ and spot hybridization as well as by virus isolation. Virus was not detectable on days 7-22 post-infection suggesting an autodigestive aetiology in further destruction of the exocrine pancreas. The mouse model described here permits detailed analysis of viral and host factors in the pathogenesis of enterovirus infections. Since coxsackie B viruses have been proposed to be aetiological agents in human acute pancreatitis, the application of in-situ hybridization allows analysis of enteroviruses directly from pancreatic tissue of clinical routine specimens.
 ...
PMID:Coxsackievirus B3-induced acute pancreatitis: analysis of histopathological and viral parameters in a mouse model. 254 62

DBA/2 male mice inoculated intraperitoneally with 1.8 X 10(5) plaque-forming units (PFU) coxsackievirus B-3 (CVB3) showed extensive inflammatory cell infiltration of the myocardium and acinar tissue of the pancreas in 7 days. Selective depletion of T lymphocyte subpopulations indicated that CD4 cells were either completely or partially responsible for cell damage in both organs. Other organs such as the liver were infected and contained virus titers equivalent to those seen in the heart and pancreas but showed no apparent tissue injury. The role of the CD4 cell was confirmed by positive selection of either T cell subpopulation from CVB3-immune lymphocytes in vitro and adoptive transfer of these cells into T cell-deficient (thymectomized, irradiated, bone marrow reconstituted, TXBM) DBA/2 recipients. Lymphocytes from CVB3-infected donor mice were adsorbed to myocyte, skin fibroblast, or liver vascular endothelial cell (VEC) monolayers. The adherent population was retrieved and adoptively transferred into uninfected syngeneic recipients. When killed 7 days later, the animals receiving unfractionated immune lymphocytes or cells eluted from heart monolayers developed both myocarditis and pancreatitis. Anti-Thy 1.2 and C' treatment of the unfractionated cells completely abrogated transfer of disease. Cells eluted from either fibroblast or liver VEC monolayers showed no pathogenicity. Adsorption of immune cells to heart monolayers in the presence of anti-IAd (class II major histocompatibility complex antigen, MHC) inhibited attachment of the pathogenic T cell, whereas anti KdDd (a class I MHC antigen) had no effect.
 ...
PMID:Coxsackievirus-induced disease. CD4+ cells initiate both myocarditis and pancreatitis in DBA/2 mice. 257 84


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>