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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiences of liver transplantation after Amanita phalloides poisoning were analysed in anaesthetic and intensive therapist point of view based on 3 cases. Cardiac problems were found at all patients during the postoperative period. Probably the amatoxin has cardiotoxic effect or a part of phallotoxins are absorbed despite cooking and caused reversible cardiac function impairment. Pancreatitis, DIC, gastrointestinal bleeding, acute renal failure were found at all patients, therefore liver transplantation is only a part of the treatment, complex therapy is necessary in this cases.
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PMID:[Liver transplantation after Amanita phalloides poisoning from the viewpoint of anesthesia and intensive care based on three cases]. 1266 33

A 38-year-old man developed severe diabetic ketoacidosis complicated with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure after presenting hyperglycemic symptoms for 4 days. Initial investigation showed significant hyperglycemia (blood glucose level 1,593 mg/dl) with a relatively low level of HbA1c (7.0%) and a high pancreatic enzyme concentration without any signs of pancreatitis. Diabetes-related antibodies were absent except for the anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, which disappeared later on. Pancreatic biopsy examination showed the lack of insulin-secreting cells, without insulitis. These findings were almost consistent with non-autoimmune fulminant type 1B diabetes. The patient remained dependent on dialysis for 1 month, then his renal function recovered. In patients with this type of diabetes, the onset of overt diabetes, frequently accompanied with severe diabetic ketoacidosis, is rapid, hence, early detection, quick diagnosis and immediate treatment of this novel type of diabetes are important in the rescue of these patients.
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PMID:A case of acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis, associated with non-autoimmune fulminant type 1B diabetes mellitus. 1270 72

An ultrasound pattern of corrugated, and sometimes thickened, bowel wall has been associated with pancreatitis and small intestinal lymphangiectasia. In a retrospective study, records of dogs and cats with an ultrasound diagnosis of corrugated bowel were examined for age, breed, gender, presenting complaint, abdominal radiographic results, and final diagnosis. Eighteen dogs and six cats had an ultrasound diagnosis of corrugated bowel. The final diagnosis was pancreatitis (12 of 24), peritonitis (4 of 24), enteritis (2 of 24), pancreatic neoplasia (2 of 24), diffuse abdominal neoplasia (1 of 24), lymphocytic-plasmacytic enteritis (1 of 24), thrombosis/infarction (1 of 24), and protein-losing enteropathy and acute renal failure (1 of 24). The presence of bowel wall corrugation, although a nonspecific finding, should alert one-to the possibility of pancreatitis, enteritis, peritonitis, neoplasia, or bowel wall ischemia.
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PMID:Ultrasonographic appearance and etiology of corrugated small intestine. 1271 56

Despite being banned in many countries and having its use severely restricted in others, pentachlorophenol (PCP) remains an important pesticide from a toxicological perspective. It is a stable and persistent compound. In humans it is readily absorbed by ingestion and inhalation but is less well absorbed dermally. Its distribution is limited, its metabolism extensive and it is eliminated only slowly. Assessment of the toxicity of PCP is confounded by the presence of contaminants known to cause effects identical to those attributed to PCP. However, severe exposure by any route may result in an acute and occasionally fatal illness that bears all the hallmarks of being mediated by uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Tachycardia, tachypnoea, sweating, altered consciousness, hyperthermia, convulsions and early onset of marked rigor (if death occurs) are the most notable features. Pulmonary oedema, intravascular haemolysis, pancreatitis, jaundice and acute renal failure have been reported. There is no antidote and no adequate data to support the use of repeat-dose oral cholestyramine, forced diuresis or urine alkalinisation as effective methods of enhancing PCP elimination in poisoned humans. Supportive care and vigorous management of hyperthermia should produce a satisfactory outcome. Chronic occupational exposure to PCP may produce a syndrome similar to acute systemic poisoning, together with conjunctivitis and irritation of the upper respiratory and oral mucosae. Long-term exposure has also been reported to result in chronic fatigue or neuropsychiatric features in combination with skin infections (including chloracne), chronic respiratory symptoms, neuralgic pains in the legs, and impaired fertility and hypothyroidism secondary to endocrine disruption. PCP is a weak mutagen but the available data for humans are insufficient to classify it more strongly than as a probable carcinogen.
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PMID:Pentachlorophenol poisoning. 1457 43

We designed this study to define determinants of gastrointestinal complications after cardiac surgery. From January 1992 through December 2000, 11,058 patients underwent cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass at our institution. Data were prospectively collected and univariate and multivariate analyses conducted. A total of 147 gastrointestinal complications occurred in 129 patients (129/11,058; 1.2%) including gastroesophagitis (18, 12.2%), upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (42, 28.6%), perforated peptic ulcer (7, 4.7%), cholecystitis (10, 6.8%), pancreatitis (13, 8.8%), intestinal ischemia (17, 11.5%), colitis (18, 12.2%), diverticulitis (5, 3.4%), intestinal occlusion (2, 1.1%), lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage (1, 0.7%), and mixed gastrointestinal complications (14, 9.5%). Patients with gastrointestinal complications were significantly older and had significantly higher comorbidity (unstable angina, chronic renal failure, and peripheral vascular disease), morbidity (prolonged mechanical ventilation, intraaortic balloon pumping, bleeding, acute renal failure, stroke, and infection), and mortality rates (22.5% vs 4%, P < 0.0001). They also had longer cardiopulmonary bypass times and higher valvular surgery rates. Multivariate analysis identified 6 independent predictors for gastrointestinal complications: prolonged mechanical ventilation (odds ratio [OR], 5.5), postoperative renal failure (OR, 4.2), sepsis (OR, 3.6), valve surgery (OR, 3.2), preoperative chronic renal failure (OR, 2.7), and sternal infection (OR, 2.4). Factors such as mechanical ventilation, renal failure, and sepsis are the stronger predictors for GI complications, causing splanchnic hypoperfusion, hypomotility, and hypoxia. Furthermore, excessive anticoagulation after valve replacement may lead to GI hemorrhage. Valve surgery, often requiring anticoagulation, increases bleeding. Monitoring mechanical ventilation and hemodynamic parameters, adopting early extubation and mobilization measures, preventing infections, and strictly monitoring renal function and anticoagulation may prevent catastrophic abdominal complications.
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PMID:Determinants of gastrointestinal complications in cardiac surgery. 1506 41

Concomitant leptospirosis and scrub typhus is rare. The spectrum of clinical severity for both scrub typhus and leptospirosis ranges from mild to fatal. Acute pancreatitis and cholecystitis are infrequent complications in adult patients with either leptospirosis or scrub typhus. We report a case of leptospirosis and scrub typhus coinfection in a 41-year-old man presenting with acute acalculous cholecystitis, pancreatitis and acute renal failure. Abdominal computed tomography revealed edematous change of the gallbladder without intrahepatic or pancreatic lesions. The patient was successfully treated with doxycycline and ceftriaxone, and supportive management.
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PMID:Acute acalculous cholecystitis and pancreatitis in a patient with concomitant leptospirosis and scrub typhus. 1472 61

Leptospirosis, the most common vasculitic zoonosis in the world, is characterized with jaundice and acute renal failure. However, pancreatitis is an uncommon complication of leptospirosis. In this report, an acute pancreatitis case due to Weil's disease has been presented. A 31-year-old female patient with high levels of glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatine kinase, bilirubin, amylase and lipase, has been diagnosed to have leptospirosis by the high positive result (1/800) of microscopic agglutination test against Leptospira interrogans serogroup icterohemorrhagiae. The patient has been treated with supportive and symptomatic therapy, and with penicillin G for leptospirosis. Following triple hemodialysis, all the blood biochemistry tests returned to normal on the tenth day of therapy. This case was reported to draw attention to Leptospira infections which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with jaundice and pancreatitis.
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PMID:[A case of acute pancreatitis due to Weil's disease]. 1474 67

Sixteen fatal dog envenomations by the snake Vipera palaestinae over a 14-y period are described. Most envenomations occurred during the late night hours in the warm months, and 8/16 dogs were bitten on the limbs. The most frequent clinical signs upon admission were soft tissue swelling and edema, local pain, depression, bleeding, lameness, dyspnea, and 6 dogs were in shock. Thrombocytopenia was present in 14/16 cases and increased hematocrit (13/16) and hemoglobin (9/16) concentration were the most common hematological abnormalities upon admission. Biochemical abnormalities included increased activities of muscle enzymes and alkaline phosphatase, hypocalcemia, and hypocholesterolemia. Creatine kinase activity was markedly increased in 2 dogs. During hospitalization serious complications in many dogs were disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute renal failure, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, acute necrotizing pancreatitis and severe laryngeal edema; these required intensive and expensive therapies. Specific antivenin (10 ml) administered to 8/16 dogs did not prevent death. Glucocorticosteroids were given in 8 cases; however, their use was associated with complications. Four dogs suffered sudden death, 2 of which died 1-2 d after discharge. Necropsy performed on 3/16 dogs found soft tissue swelling and local bleeding at the envenomation sites as well as bleeding in several distal body organs and tissues.
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PMID:Fatal Vipera xanthina palestinae envenomation in 16 dogs. 1548 52

Neutrophil cytoplasmic toxicity is manifested as an abnormality in cell size or the cytoplasmic content upon examination of Romanowsky-stained blood smears, and is traditionally associated with infection and inflammation. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the association of such changes with clinical and clinicopathologic characteristics, diseases, and prognoses in dogs. Dogs with neutrophil toxicity (n = 248) were compared with negative controls (n = 248). Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, independent t-tests, nonparametric Mann-Whitney tests, the chi-square trend test, and survival analysis. Dogs with neutrophil toxicity had a significantly higher prevalence of pale mucous membranes, tachycardia, fever, abdominal organomegaly, icterus, melena, and hematuria. Most mean hematologic variables were significantly different between groups. Dogs with neutrophil toxicity had a significantly (P < .05) higher prevalence of leukocytosis, leukopenia, neutrophilia, neutropenia, anemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypocalcemia. The prevalence of pyometra, parvovirus infection, acute renal failure, peritonitis, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, pancreatitis, septicemia, and neoplastic disorders was significantly higher among these dogs. Case fatality, hospitalization length, and treatment cost were significantly (P < .001) higher in dogs with neutrophil toxicity. Neutrophil toxicity severity was significantly (P < .0035) and positively associated with neutropenia, and negatively associated with leukocytosis and neutrophilia. A significant trend (P = .05) toward increasing case fatality with an increase of neutrophil toxicity was observed. In the neutrophil toxicity group, dogs with leukopenia (<5.0 X 10(3)/mm3) had a significantly (P < .0001) higher case fatality compared to dogs with normal or high leukocyte counts. We conclude that evaluation of blood smears for neutrophil cytoplasmic toxicity provides useful clinical information and can serve as a good prognostic predictor.
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PMID:Clinical, biochemical, and hematological characteristics, disease prevalence, and prognosis of dogs presenting with neutrophil cytoplasmic toxicity. 1571 50

The study was undertaken to study the frequency, causes, and efficiency of treatment for acute renal failure (ARF) at the intensive nephrological care unit. The data on 117 patients with ARF of various etiology were studied. In them, ARF was caused by acute interstitial nephritis in 18.8%, by urosepsis in 18.8%, by non-urological sepsis in 19%, by destructive pancreatitis in 18%, in 13% rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis was present in systemic vasculitis. In 8.5% of the patients, ARF developed as a complication of severe pneumonias along with respiratory failure. Only single cases were presented with ARF of other intoxication etiology, crush syndrome, or acute vascular diseases. Renal replacement therapy was used in all cases. Its mode (intermittent or low-flow continuous) was determined by the severity of renal failure and the general condition of patients. The overall mortality was 38% in the whole group. It was 55% in sepsis, 33% in destructive pancreatis, 8.3% in urosepsis, 8% in acute interstitial nephritis, 64.7% in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. According to the type of therapy, there were no significant differences in mortality rates. There was also a correlation of the mortality rates and the APACHE score.
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PMID:[The structure of causes of acute renal failure and the efficacy of its treatment according to the materials of an intensive nephrological care unit]. 1593 98


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