Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe a very rare case in which macroamylasemia was associated with ulcerative colitis of total colitis type. The patient's serum amylase isozyme pattern by electrophoresis showed a broad abnormal peak toward the side of the positive pole compared with regular salivary and pancreatic fractions. Sephadex G-200 column chromatography showed a sedimentation coefficient of 6.6 S. Amylase activity was bound to IgG. Double diffusion experiments demonstrated that amylase activity could be precipitated in gel by an antibody to the lambda chain. Although inflammatory bowel disease is occasionally associated with hyperamylasemia due to pancreatitis, we emphasize that, when hyperamylasemia is recognized in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, macroamylasemia also should be considered.
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PMID:Macroamylasemia associated with ulcerative colitis. 754 95

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is usually a complication of pre-existing cirrhosis, abdominal malignancy (e.g., pancreatic or hepatocellular carcinoma), or abdominal inflammation (e.g., appendicitis, diverticulitis, pancreatitis). Less frequently, PVT can be associated with myeloproliferative or connective tissue disorders or inflammatory bowel disease [1]. PVT can cause or exacerbate portal hypertension; variceal bleeding or hypersplenism may then develop acutely or several years later. PVT also complicates portosystemic shunt surgery or hepatic transplantation. Unfortunately, the signs and symptoms of PVT can be subtle or nonspecific and can be overshadowed by the underlying illness. The radiologist may be the only physician to suggest the preoperative or premortem diagnosis of PVT. Familiarity with the imaging findings of PVT, therefore, is imperative.
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PMID:Portal vein thrombosis: imaging findings. 827 95

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are potentially fatal eating disorders which primarily affect adolescent females. Differentiating eating disorders from primary gastrointestinal (GI) disease may be difficult. GI disorders are common in eating disorder patients, symptomatic complaints being seen in over half. Moreover, many GI diseases sometimes resemble eating disorders. Inflammatory bowel disease, acid peptic diseases, and intestinal motility disorders such as achalasia may mimic eating disorders. However, it is usually possible to distinguish these by applying the diagnostic criteria for eating disorders and by obtaining common biochemical tests. The primary features of AN are profound weight loss due to self starvation and body image distortion; BN is characterized by binge eating and self purging of ingested food by vomiting or laxative abuse. GI complications in eating disorders are common. Recurrent emesis in BN is associated with dental abnormalities, parotid enlargement, and electrolyte disturbances including metabolic alkalosis. Hyperamylasemia of salivary origin is regularly seen, but may lead do an erroneous diagnosis of pancreatitis. Despite the weight loss often seen in eating disorders, serum albumin, cholesterol, and carotene are usually normal. However, serum levels of trace metals such as zinc and copper often are depressed, and hypophosphatemia can occur during refeeding. Patients with eating disorders frequently have gastric emptying abnormalities, causing bloating, postprandial fullness, and vomiting. This usually improves with refeeding, but sometimes treatment with pro-motility agents such as metoclopromide is necessary. Knowledge of the GI manifestations of eating disorders, and a high index of suspicion for one condition masquerading as the other, are required for the correct diagnosis and management of these patients.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal and nutritional aspects of eating disorders. 840 9

The clinical features, pathogenesis, and management of the rheumatic manifestations of various GI disorders are reviewed. The major categories included are intestinal disorders (enterohepatic arthritides, inflammatory bowel disease, and several other less common conditions), hepatitis (acute and chronic), and pancreatic diseases (carcinoma and pancreatitis). Historical background is provided where appropriate, and several recent observations and associations are described and discussed.
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PMID:Rheumatological complications of GI disorders. 865 Nov 52

Inflammatory bowel disease, in addition to intestinal involvement, may be complicated also by other extra-intestinal manifestations. Moreover, drugs commonly employed in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease may induce iatrogenic pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is described in two ulcerative colitis patients following azathioprine treatment.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis after azathioprine treatment for ulcerative colitis. 878 4

Necrolytic migratory erythema is characterized by waves of irregular erythema in which a central bulla develops, and subsequently erodes and becomes crusted. It usually occurs in patients with an alpha-islet cell tumor of the pancreas. However, necrolytic migratory erythema has also been observed in patients without an associated glucagonoma. We describe a woman with iatrogenic necrolytic migratory erythema. She received intravenous glucagon for hypoglycemia associated with an insulin-like growth factor II-secreting hemangiopericytoma. After chemotherapy, she developed necrolytic migratory erythema. The characteristics of the previously reported patients with nonglucagonoma-associated necrolytic migratory erythema are reviewed. In patients with nonglucagonoma-associated necrolytic migratory erythema, the dermatosis-related conditions most commonly observed were celiac disease or malabsorption, cirrhosis, malignancy, and pancreatitis; less common conditions included hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, heroin abuse, and odontogenic abscess. Although the pathogenesis of necrolytic migratory erythema remains unknown, hyperglucagonemia appears to have had a causative role in the development of this dermatosis in our patient. Patients who develop necrolytic migratory erythema should be evaluated for the presence of a glucagonoma; if a glucagonoma is ruled out, evaluation for other conditions known to occur with necrolytic migratory erythema, such as liver disease, malabsorptive disorders, and nonislet-cell tumors is warranted.
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PMID:Iatrogenic necrolytic migratory erythema: a case report and review of nonglucagonoma-associated necrolytic migratory erythema. 959 6

Oxidative stress appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of a number of gastrointestinal disease states, including pancreatitis; gastric and duodenal ulcer disease; IBD; gastric, esophageal, and colon cancers; and hepatic injury secondary to alcohol, metal storage disorders, hepatitis, and ischemia/reperfusion injury. The nutritional antioxidants are attractive potential therapeutic and chemopreventive agents because they are inexpensive and have a relatively low toxicity profile. A word of caution should be noted: Some antioxidants, such as vitamin C, can be prooxidant under certain conditions, and systemically altering the redox state may have untoward effects on the inflammatory response in certain disease states. Thus, at the current time, antioxidant therapy should be restricted to randomized, controlled clinical trials, in which treatment effects can be closely monitored, and therapeutic efficacy can be determined with scientific accuracy.
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PMID:Nutrient antioxidants in gastrointestinal diseases. 965 24

Azathioprine and its metabolite 6-mercaptopurine are effective in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. They are mostly used for reduction of the use of steroids, maintenance therapy after remission induction by cyclosporin and treatment of fistulae in Crohn's disease. Adverse effects occur in about 15% of patients. The main side effects are pancreatitis, allergic reactions, fever and bone marrow suppression. Symptoms, management and prevention are discussed. A blood monitoring schedule is suggested. Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine seem to be safe in pregnancy. There may be a slight increased risk for developing a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease, a safe alternative? 970 98

Gastrointestinal vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is quite rare and almost always accompanied by evidence of active disease in other organs, although occasionally it may be the presenting feature of the disease. Gastrointestinal involvement in SLE may present as lupus peritonitis, non-necrotizing pancreatitis, gastrointestinal vasculitis or surgical abdomen. Here we report a severe case of SLE which presented initially with fever of unknown origin. Severe distress, abdominal pain, the presence of occult blood in the stool and high acute-phase proteins were explained by a lupus peritonitis and intestinal vasculitis resembling inflammatory bowel disease. Whereas high-dose prednisone treatment did not prevent a severe relapse, we observed a sustained remission following i.v. cyclophosphamide pulse therapy. In the literature, only two similar cases are reported: one died despite a change in the therapy of a bowel perforation; our case was the second that improved under pulse cyclophosphamide. We suggest the use of cyclophosphamide after failure of steroids early in the course of SLE gastrointestinal vasculitis to prevent devastating complications.
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PMID:Successful treatment of gastrointestinal vasculitis due to systemic lupus erythematosus with intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide: a clinical case report and review of the literature. 978 72

In the past year, major advances in understanding pancreatic disease have been made through the tools of molecular biology. Genes responsible for both hereditary pancreatitis and pancreatic agenesis have been identified. The first description of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, a new noninvasive imaging study of the pancreatobiliary tree, was reported in children. Reviews of autoimmune pancreatitis, a newly described condition, pancreatitis in inflammatory bowel disease, tropical pancreatitis, and pancreatitis following liver transplantation were also published, as well as surgical and endoscopic therapy of pancreatitis.
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PMID:Disorders of the pancreas in children. 981 49


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