Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fell pony foals developed a syndrome of anaemia, immunodeficiency and peripheral ganglionopathy. They became ill in the second or third week, and died in the second or third month of life. Clinical and pathological investigations revealed severe anaemia associated with small numbers of late erythroid precursors in bone marrow, small thymi, an absence of secondary lymphoid follicles, a lack of plasma cells and neuronal chromatolysis involving trigeminal, cranial mesenteric and dorsal root ganglia. Some of the foals had cryptosporidial enteritis and adenoviral bronchopneumonia and pancreatitis. The clinical and pathological findings were compatible with an intrinsic defect.
 ...
PMID:A syndrome of anaemia, immunodeficiency and peripheral ganglionopathy in Fell pony foals. 950 45

The efficacy and toxicity of sodium stibogluconate (SSG) at a dosage of 20 mg/(kg.d) for either 20 days (for cutaneous disease) or 28 days (for visceral, mucosal, or viscerotropic disease) in the treatment of leishmaniasis is reported. Ninety-six U.S. Department of Defense health care beneficiaries with parasitologically confirmed leishmaniasis were prospectively followed for 1 year. One patient was infected with human immunodeficiency virus; otherwise, comorbidity was absent. Clinical cure occurred in 91% of 83 cases of cutaneous disease and 93% of 13 cases of visceral/viscerotropic disease. Adverse effects were common and necessitated interruption of treatment in 28% of cases, but they were generally reversible. These included arthralgias and myalgias (58%), pancreatitis (97%), transaminitis (67%), headache (22%), hematologic suppression (44%), and rash (9%). No subsequent mucosal leishmaniasis was identified, and there were no deaths attributable to SSG or leishmaniasis.
 ...
PMID:Safety and efficacy of intravenous sodium stibogluconate in the treatment of leishmaniasis: recent U.S. military experience. 986 60

The issue of acute postoperative pancreatitis (APP) development is discussed against the background of the immune state of the organism. The problem in itself is by no means a new one. Attention is called to the major role of immunodeficiency as an underlying cause of APP. Proceeding from experience had with two observations, the early results of researches along this line are presented.
 ...
PMID:[Immune deficiency in the genesis of acute postoperative pancreatitis (initial studies)]. 997 3

We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 54 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who were hospitalized at the Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center with acute pancreatitis between January 1993 and December 1995. Nineteen were female and 35 were male patients. Thirty-five (65%) of 54 patients were younger than 40 years (average age, 42 years). Forty-eight (89%) of the patients had a CD4 count of <200 units/ml of blood. Seventeen (32%) patients died either of complications of acute pancreatitis or of underlying disease. The conventional prognostic criteria used to assess the severity of pancreatitis, including Ranson's and Imrie's criteria and the APACHE II system, were applied. We determined that these criteria were not appropriate to our HIV/AIDS patients. Only serum calcium levels at 48 h after admission and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) at admission and at 48 h after admission had significant p values (<0.05). We believe that the predictors commonly used to identify the severity of pancreatitis were not useful in these patients because of their low CD4 counts and preexisting liver and renal disease.
 ...
PMID:Predictors of the severity of acute pancreatitis in patients with HIV infection or AIDS. 1043 59

Compared to pseudocyst formation after prior pancreatitis, true cysts of the pancreas are rare. Pancreatic cysts with irregular wall components or a mucinous content raise the suspicion for the presence of a cystic neoplasm, and surgical resection is recommended. A case of a patient with a history of prostate cancer is described in whom a cyst of the pancreatic tail was discovered incidentally. Based on the radiographic features, which did not support the presence of a serous cystadenoma, a spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy was performed. Histologic features were characteristic for a lymphoepithelial cyst (LEC) of the pancreas, lined with thinned squamous epithelium surrounded by benign lymphoid tissue. Since LECs of the parotid gland, which are associated with acquired human immunodeficiency, are frequently related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, EBV in situ hybridization was performed and did not reveal evidence for EBV. Twenty-eight instances of pancreatic LECs have been reported, primarily affecting adult males, without evidence of increased numbers of EBV-positive cells. The pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and clinical implications of lymphoepithelial pancreatic cysts are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas. No evidence for Epstein-Barr virus-related pathogenesis. 1045 24

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common microsporidian parasite found in patients with AIDS. We report the clinical features of a patient with chronic diarrhea, pancreatitis, and AIDS-related sclerosing cholangitis. Ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography disclosed intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct changes identical to those seen in sclerosing cholangitis. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was found in duodenum and peripapillary duodenum by means of light microscopy, and confirmed by PCR amplification of paraffin-embedded tissues with species-specific primers. Microsporidian infection should be suspected in patients with advanced immunodeficiency and AIDS-related sclerosing cholangitis in our country.
 ...
PMID:[Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in a patient with sclerosing cholangitis and AIDS]. 1085 55

Antiretrovirals, particularly nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) - DDI, 3TC and D4T, are widely used to effectively control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These drugs have several adverse effects including anemia, peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis and, on rare occasions, lactic acidosis. We describe the case of a 39 year old patient who had severe lactic acidosis after receiving stavudine (D4T) and didanosine (DDI) for an 8 month period. She had never manifested an opportunistic infection and presented a CD4 count of 378 cells/mm3 and an undetectable viral load (< 400 copies/ml). The purpose of the following report is to alert clinicians and infectious diseases specialists to the occurrence of lactic acidosis in asymptomatic HIV patients receiving antiretrovirals for long periods of time.
 ...
PMID:Lactic acidosis and antiretroviral therapy: a case report and literature review. 1093 99

We retrospectively investigated the clinical and histopathologic features of hospitalized patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus who had symptomatic lactic acidosis syndrome at a university teaching hospital during 1995-2000. Twelve patients were identified, 11 during 1998-2000; of these, 5 died with rapid progression to otherwise unexplained multiple-organ failure. All had extensive prior exposure to nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). At presentation, the most commonly identified NRTI component of antiretroviral regimens was stavudine plus didanosine. Eleven patients presented with abdominal pain, nausea, and/or emesis. Eight patients had prior acute weight loss (mean [+/-SD], 12+/-5.3 kg). Median venous plasma lactate levels were > or =2-fold greater than the upper limit of normal (2.1 mmol/L). Serum transaminase levels were near normal limits at presentation. Histopathologic studies confirmed hepatic macrovesicular and microvesicular steatosis in 6 patients. Concurrent chemical pancreatitis was identified in 6 patients. The increasing number of cases identified during the study period suggests that physicians better recognize symptomatic lactic acidosis and/or that cumulative NRTI exposure may increase the risk for this syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Symptomatic lactic acidosis in hospitalized antiretroviral-treated patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a report of 12 cases. 1169 4

Type B lactic acidosis is a rare and often fatal complication seen in patients receiving the nucleotide analogues zidovudine, stavudine, didanosine, and lamivudine. We describe a case of a 51-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive woman receiving three nucleotide analogues. She presented with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and hepatic steatosis. Signs of mitochondrial toxicity were demonstrated by diffuse myopathy and pancreatitis. Serum riboflavin levels documented a deficiency that was treated with 50 mg of riboflavin daily. Immediately after treatment, serum blood urea nitrogen level, lactic acid levels, and arterial blood pH all returned to normal values. Her signs of mitochondrial toxicity also improved after treatment with riboflavin. Successful reversal of the patient's type B lactic acidosis after riboflavin therapy suggested that riboflavin deficiency plays a direct role in the development of nucleotide analogue-induced lactic acidosis. It is impossible to predict which patients are predisposed to the development of this syndrome. For this reason, it may be important to screen and treat riboflavin deficiency in patients on nucleoside analogues.
 ...
PMID:Emerging role of riboflavin in the treatment of nucleoside analogue-induced type B lactic acidosis. 1178 75

To understand recent temporal trends in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) mortality in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), trends in causes of death among persons with AIDS in San Francisco who died between 1994 and 1998 were analyzed. Among 5234 deaths, the mortality rate for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related or AIDS-related deaths declined after 1995 (P<.01), whereas the mortality rate for non-HIV- or non-AIDS-related deaths remained stable. The proportion of deaths of persons with AIDS associated with septicemia, non-AIDS-defining malignancy, chronic liver disease, viral hepatitis, overdose, obstructive lung disease, coronary artery disease, and pancreatitis increased (P<.05). The standardized mortality ratio was high for these causes in both pre- and post-HAART periods, except for pancreatitis, a possible complication of HAART, which demonstrated an increasing standardized mortality ratio trend after 1996. With increasing AIDS survival, prevention of chronic diseases, assessment of long-term toxicity from HAART, and surveillance for additional causes of mortality will become increasingly important.
 ...
PMID:Trends in causes of death among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, San Francisco, 1994-1998. 1223 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>