Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The complications presented by 36 patients submitted to anti-reflux procedures that were treated in our Hospital in a 10 year period, from September 1978 to May 1988, are analyzed. The patients were divided in 2 groups depending on the initial treatment being performed inside or outside our Hospital. The indication for the initial operation was reflux esophagitis in all patients, 4 or whom, had developed a shortened esophagus with stenosis. The selected procedures were of several types with a clear predilection for the Nissen type fundoplication with its variants. Different kinds of complications were observed; mortality was associated with gastric or esophageal leak, with a fatal outcome in 11 patients, another one died of postoperative pancreatitis and abdominal sepsis (33.3 percent mortality rate).
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PMID:[Complications of the surgical treatment of reflux esophagitis]. 228 68

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent one of the most commonly used therapeutic drug groups world wide. 1.5% of the world's population is estimated as taking NSAIDs. Although NSAIDs are still generally believed to have toxic effects on the alimentary tract, some evidence of their favourable effects on the alimentary canal has recently been reported. Wider knowledge concerning these effects may allow us in the future to use NSAIDs as preventive measures in carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the colon or even in carcinoma of the esophagus, in the treatment of motor disorders of the alimentary tract or inflammatory diseases, e.g. reflux esophagitis. The clinical studies evaluating the NSAID effects on the treatment of acute biliary colic and the short-term administration of small doses of aspirin effective in secondary prevention of cholelithiasis are also encouraging. At present the studies are being carried out to show the therapeutic action of NSAIDs in pancreatitis.
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PMID:Can nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs favourably affect the alimentary canal? 1289 69

Obesity has become a major concern among gastroenterologists due to its large influence on gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases: reflux esophagitis, pancreatitis, gallstone disease, liver fibrosis, and neoplastic tumors of the esophagus, pancreas, and colon. Studies of morbid obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery have revealed that obesity is related with an increased prevalence of endoscopic and histologic gastritis. A recent study of health check-up subjects demonstrated an association of obesity with endoscopic gastritis and gastric ulcers. We recently investigated the underlying mechanisms of the effects of obesity on endoscopic gastritis in subjects undergoing health check-up examination, and demonstrated that adiponectin, a bioactive molecule released from visceral fat, could be a protective factor of endoscopic gastritis. We would like to propose a new category of gastritis, obesity-related gastritis, which could become dominant in the near future.
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PMID:Is obesity a new risk factor for gastritis? 2226 89

Oxygen free radicals in excessively high amounts are all very reactive chemically and can impose a detrimental influence on living organisms by provoking "oxidative stress" that can damage major cellular constituents. The latter includes the cell membrane, cytoplasmic proteins, and nuclear DNA. Conversely, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide anion, and related reactive oxygen species (ROS) when present in low amounts play an important role as regulatory mediators in signaling processes, through which, paradoxically, many ROS-mediated responses can protect the cells against oxidative stress by induction of "redox homeostasis." Therefore, diseases associated with free radical overproduction are provoked by "blazed ROS productions" far beyond the host's capacity to quench. Free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse gastrointestinal (GI) diseases including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastritis, enteritis, colitis and associated cancers as well as pancreatitis and liver cirrhosis. This article provides an overview of the role of oxidative stress in inflammation-based GI tract diseases, including reflux esophagitis, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced enteritis, ulcerative colitis, and associated colorectal cancer. The challenging issue that ROS can contribute to diverse gastrointestinal dysfunction, or manifest dual roles in cancer promotion or cancer suppression will also be discussed for the opportunity to enhance understanding of inflammation-based GI diseases.
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PMID:Oxidative stress in inflammation-based gastrointestinal tract diseases: challenges and opportunities. 2241 52

Epithelial cells line the entire surface of the gastrointestinal tract and its accessory organs where they primarily function in transporting digestive enzymes, nutrients, electrolytes, and fluid to and from the luminal contents. At the same time, epithelial cells are responsible for forming a physical and biochemical barrier that prevents the entry into the body of harmful agents, such as bacteria and their toxins. Dysregulation of epithelial transport and barrier function is associated with the pathogenesis of a number of conditions throughout the intestine, such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic diarrhea, pancreatitis, reflux esophagitis, and cancer. Driven by discovery of specific receptors on intestinal epithelial cells, new insights into mechanisms that control their synthesis and enterohepatic circulation, and a growing appreciation of their roles as bioactive bacterial metabolites, bile acids are currently receiving a great deal of interest as critical regulators of epithelial function in health and disease. This review aims to summarize recent advances in this field and to highlight how bile acids are now emerging as exciting new targets for disease intervention.
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PMID:Guts and Gall: Bile Acids in Regulation of Intestinal Epithelial Function in Health and Disease. 3006 58