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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifteen chickens, five broilers and ten layers, from the Pennsylvania 1983 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection, were examined. Gross lesions in the broilers were limited to serosal petechiae and dehydration. In the layers there was comb edema, vesiculation, and necrosis. Microscopic lesions were mild to severe diffuse nonsuppurative encephalitis, very mild to severe diffuse necrotizing pancreatitis, and very mild to severe subacute necrotizing myositis involving numerous skeletal muscles and most severe in the external ocular muscles and limbs. While many of these lesions have been seen in experimental infections of chickens with influenza viruses, the pattern of organs involved in this group of chickens is distinctive.
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PMID:Lesions in broiler and layer chickens in an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus infection. 651 76

Nine autopsy cases of disseminated toxoplasmosis in New York are reported. Brain were involved in 9 cases, heart in 8, lung in 4, and pancreas, GI tract, thyroid, lymph nodes and urogenital organs were also involved. There were toxoplasma encephalitis in 9 cases, myocarditis in 4, pneumonia in 3 and pancreatitis in 2. Only toxoplasma encephalitis and pneumonia produced signs and symptoms leading to diagnosis by CT scan of brain, toxoplasma antibody titer and confirmed by smears, bone marrow biopsy and autopsy based on recognition of encysted toxoplasma. The authors classified the lesions as static (latent), necrotic, infiltrative and proliferative status, with the emphasis on the diagnostic significance of identification of toxoplasma, especially its encysted form.
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PMID:[AIDS complicated with disseminated toxoplasmosis: a pathological study of 9 autopsy cases]. 795 57

Ochroconis gallopavum was identified as the causal agent of fatal encephalitis in a young, short-hair, domestic cat. The cat initially developed an ulcerated mass on the left side of the tongue and signs of pain in the abdomen. The tongue lesion was surgically removed and exploratory abdominal surgery revealed abnormalities suggestive of pancreatitis and peritonitis. During the month after surgery, the cat's health declined, manifested by sluggishness, loss of appetite and abnormal behaviour. Following a final rapid deterioration, the cat became non-responsive and was euthanized. Histologic examination of the brain, lung and mediastinal lymph node lesions revealed large numbers of pigmented, septate, branched, hyphal elements with swollen intercalary and terminal vesicles, and short chains of moniliform hyphal cells. Cultures of the mediastinal lymph nodes yielded a dematiaceous, thermotolerant fungus that was identified as O. gallopavum. This report describes the first well-documented infection in a cat caused by O. gallopavum.
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PMID:Fatal encephalitis caused by Ochroconis gallopavum in a domestic cat (Felis domesticus). 806 45

Mumps is an acute infectious disease caused by a paramyxovirus. While the disease is usually mild, up to 10% of patients can develop aseptic meningitis. A less common but more serious complication is encephalitis, which can result in death or disability. Permanent deafness, orchitis, and pancreatitis are other adverse effects of mumps. Based upon data reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) up to April 1998, mumps vaccine is routinely used by national immunization programs in 82 countries/areas: 23 of 25 developed countries, 19 of 22 countries with economies in transition, and 40 of 168 developing countries. Countries which have achieved high vaccine coverage have realized a rapid decline in mumps morbidity. Also in many such countries, mumps-associated encephalitis and deafness have almost vanished. The authors consider the disease burden due to mumps; summarize studies on the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of different strains of mumps vaccine; and note lessons learned about implementing mumps immunization in different countries. Countries already using mumps vaccine should monitor immunization coverage and establish routine mumps surveillance with investigation of outbreaks. Where mumps is targeted to be eliminated, countries need to add a second dose of mumps vaccine for children.
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PMID:Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review. 1006 55

We describe here a 71-year-old man who had herpes zoster encephalitis. He developed high fever, headache and disturbance of consciousness on 1st, May, 1998. On admission, neurological examination revealed disturbance of consciousness with restlessness and meningeal signs. Brain MRI (T 1 and T 2 weighted images) demonstrated high signal lesions in the left temporal lobe and cerebellar vermis. VSV encephalitis was diagnosed based on CSF pleocytosis, high serum and CSF titers of VZV antibody and EEG abnormality. During hospitalization, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, herpes zoster generalisatus and acute pancreatitis developed. To our knowledge, the characteristic combination of the clinical signs in this case is very rare. We discussed the pathogenic mechanisms of these conditions, and this case was considered to have VZV encephalitis, and to be associated with right facial nerve palsy and pancreatitis, in spite of the absence of immunological deficiency.
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PMID:[A case of herpes zoster encephalitis with Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, herpes zoster generalisatus and acute pancreatitis]. 1068 90

A 45-year-old patient was admitted with high fever and inadequate behaviour. She had recently stayed in Israel. Extensive investigation suggested a viral infection, but the cause was not established. Her partner suggested the possibility of West Nile virus infection, based upon information he had found on the Internet. Serology was performed and specific IgM and IgG antibodies were demonstrated, but a paired serum sample was not available. The patient recovered spontaneously. The West Nile virus is endemic in Israel, Africa, Asia and the Balkans. It is transmitted by mosquitoes. The incubation time is 1-3 weeks. The disease is characterised by fever, malaise, maculopapular exanthema and lymphadenopathy. Complications are encephalitis, pancreatitis, hepatitis and myocarditis. However, these symptoms are present in less than 5% of all infections. A full-blown encephalitis has a mortality rate of 50%. There is no specific therapy, but prevention by means of controlling the mosquito population is feasible. The diagnosis is made by the detection of West Nile virus-specific IgM antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. However, in the acute stage viral RNA detection by a polymerase chain reaction in the serum is also possible.
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PMID:[Patient with West Nile fever in the Netherlands]. 1171 96

Primary infection with varicella zoster is characterzed by a generalized vesicular rash usually without significant systemic illness. Encephalitis, pneumonitis, pancreatitis, nephritis, Reye and Guillan-Barre syndrome transvers myelitis, myocarditis have been reported before, but there is not any case having all these system to be involved during the same infection in a sequential manner ending up with multiorgan failure. We wanted to represent 21-month-old boy had a multiorgan failure due to varicella zoster infection.
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PMID:Complications of varicella zoster. 1192 39

Intestinal failure requiring total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Intestinal transplantation can be a lifesaving option for patients with intestinal failure who develop serious TPN-related complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate survival, surgical technique, and patient care in patients treated with intestinal transplantation. We reviewed data collected from 95 consecutive intestinal transplants performed between December 1994 and November 2000 at the University of Miami. Fifty-four of the patients undergoing intestinal transplantation were children and 41 were adults. The series includes 49 male and 46 female patients. The causes of intestinal failure included mesenteric venous thrombosis (n = 12), necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 11), gastroschisis (n = 11), midgut volvulus (n = 9), desmoid tumor (n = 8), intestinal atresia (n = 6), trauma (n = 5), Hirschsprung's disease (n = 5), Crohn's disease (n = 5), intestinal pseudoobstruction (n = 4), and others (n = 19). The procedures performed included 27 isolated intestine transplants, 28 combined liver and intestine transplants, and 40 multivisceral transplants. Since 1998, we have been using daclizumab (Zenepax) for induction of immunosuppression and zoom videoendoscopy for graft surveillance. We began to use intense cytomegalovirus prophylaxis and systemic drainage of the portal vein. The 1-year patient survival rates for isolated intestinal, liver and intestinal, and multivisceral transplantations were 75%, 40%, and 48%, respectively. Since 1998, the 1-year patient and graft survival rates for isolated intestinal transplants have been 84% and 72%, respectively. The causes of death were as follows: sepsis after rejection (n = 14), respiratory failure (n = 8), sepsis (n = 6), multiple organ failure (n = 4), arterial graft infection (n = 3), aspergillosis (n = 2), post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (n = 2), intracranial hemorrhage (n = 2), and fungemia, chronic rejection, graft vs. host disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, pancreatitis, pulmonary embolism, and viral encephalitis (n = 1 case of each). Intestinal transplantation can be a lifesaving alternative for patients with intestinal failure. The prognosis after intestinal transplantation is better when it is performed before the onset of liver failure. Rejection monitoring with zoom videoendoscopy and new immunosuppressive therapy with sirolimus, daclizumab, and campath-1H have contributed to the improvement in patient survival.
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PMID:Ninety-five cases of intestinal transplantation at the University of Miami. 1199 9

Aim of this report is to review the epidemiological and clinical features of HCMV infection in the adult. In all geographical areas high diffusion of HCMV infection involving all socioeconomic groups is observed; significant most elevated seroprevalence in North African and Asian ethnic groups is compared to Western populations is pointed out; besides, HCMV is absolutely the virus most frequently transmitted in the perinatal period. In the immunocompetent host, the HCMV infection is symptomless in the great majority of cases; in the symptomatic cases it shows the clinical features of a self-limited mononucleosis-like syndrome. In the immunocompromised patients, either in subjects infected with HIV or in onco-hematologic patients or recipients of solid organ or bone marrow transplants patients, HCMV infection leads to serious illness. The most frequent clinical pictures are: pneumonia, retinitis, hepatitis, polyradiculopathy, encephalitis, gastrointestinal tract disease, adrenal involvement; cases of myocarditis, pancreatitis, genitourinary localizations are less frequent. The clinical pictures are different in the different clinical groups: retinitis, in subjects with HIV infection and pneumonia in recipients of transplants, are respectively the main clinical manifestations; the mechanisms of such differences are not clearly defined. A to the diagnosis, the serological tests (evidence of IgM activity, IgG avidity) are useful in the immunocompetent host; whereas, in the immunocompromised host cytological detection (demonstration of typical cytological aspects and positive immunohistology for HCMV antigens) and/or virological detection (isolation of virus or evidence of viral antigens or viral DNA) are needed. The most used therapeutical choices are ganciclovir, foscarnet and cidofovir; these three drugs have similar antiviral effectiveness, but they show different outlines of toxicity and praticality of use.
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PMID:[Cytomegalovirus infection in the adult]. 1203 42

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is rarely diagnosed in cats, and the clinical features of the disease are not well known. PTE was diagnosed at postmortem examination in 17 cats, a prevalence of 0.06% over a 24-year period. The age of affected cats ranged from 10 months to 18 years, although young (<4 years) and old (>10 years) cats were more commonly affected than were middle-aged cats. Males and females were equally affected. The majority of cats with PTE (n = 16) had concurrent disease, which was often severe. The most common diseases identified in association with PTE were neoplasia, anemia of unidentified cause, and pancreatitis. Cats with glomerulonephritis, encephalitis, pneumonia, heart disease, and hepatic lipidosis were also represented in this study. Most cats with PTE demonstrated dyspnea and respiratory distress before death or euthanasia, but PTE was not recognized ante mortem in any cat studied. In conclusion, PTE can affect cats of any age and is associated with a variety of systemic and inflammatory disorders. It is recommended that the same clinical criteria used to increase the suspicion of PTE in dogs should also be applied to cats.
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PMID:Pulmonary thromboembolism in cats. 1532 May 93


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