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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The group of conditions variously termed biliary dyskinesia, acalculous cholecystitis, biliary pain without stones, or functional disorders of the biliary tract, is poorly defined clinically, and no consistent pathological abnormalities have been previously described in patients with this diagnosis. In this paper we report histological abnormalities encountered in operative live biopsies in such patients. The criteria for the diagnosis of a functional biliary tract disorders were: pain typical of biliary pain, negative results of investigations for organic biliary tract or other gastrointestinal disease, and reproduction of the patient's symptoms by cholecystokinin, or morphine, or both. Twenty of 45 patients with a presumptive diagnosis satisfied these criteria, and had a wedge liver biopsy at the time of operation. The 20 liver biopsy specimens were compared in a blind fashion with similar ones taken from patients having diagnostic laparotomies; patients with stones confined to the gallbladder; patients with gallstone pancreatitis; and patients with proven common bile duct stones. The biopsy findings were found to be similar to those in the latter two groups. Thus the abnormalities were similar to those found in partial or intermittent biliary obstruction, and it is suggested that they may be due to intermittent increases in biliary pressure.
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PMID:Operative liver biopsy abnormalities in patients with functional disorders of the biliary tract. 28 96

On the Surgery Department of Military Hospital in Zagreb 164 cases of acute pancreatitis, among them 88 male and 76 female, were treated during the period of 1963 to 1974. Diagnosis was based on anamnesis, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests as well as X-ray pictures of the lungs and abdomen. In most cases (72,5 percent) etiology of the disease has shown changes of biliary tract; obesity and alchoholism were also present in high percentage. Operative treatment was applied in 72 cases and 92 cases have undergone conservative treatment. Indications for surgical intervention were lithiasis, cholecystitis, inefficiency of conservative therapy during the first 12 hours and such cases in which diagnosis could not have been given with sufficient certainty. Along with usual surgical treatment in 23 cases in which biliary obstruction and serose pancreatitis were present choledochoduodenostomy was applied with satisfactory results. 28 patients died out of 164; mortality percentage 17,1.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis in our case reports]. 30 Sep 74

The physiology and pathophysiology of the sphincter of Oddi are poorly understood. The relationships of functional disorders of the sphincter to biliary and pancreatic disease and of organic lesions of the papilla to pancreatic inflammatory disease are subjudice to say the least. The efficacy of sphincter section in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis is unproved. Section of the sphincter may be necessary to treat biliary tract pathology but its use should not be routine or indiscriminative since, there is morbidity as well as mortality. Finally, the price of sphincterotomy is: 1. hemorrhage; 2. duodenal perforation; 3. pancreatic duct damage--a. acute pancreatitis; b. chronic pancreatitis; 4. sphincter incompetence--a. common duct regurgitation--cholangitis; b. pancreatic duct regurgitation--pancreatitis; 5. sphincter stenosis--obstructive jaundice; 6. stasis cholecystitis; 7. diarrhea; 8. morbidity 10%; 9. mortality 1.9%.
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PMID:The sphincter of Oddi, sphincterotomy and biliopancreatic disease. 39 44

The use of ultrasound in the non-invasive investigation of the biliary tract and pancreas is discussed. Its accuracy in detecting gallstones in the non-acute condition is as accurate as conventional radiography, which is dependent on the excretion of contrast medium by the liver. Ultrasound is not dependent on liver function and has become the best initial investigation in persistent jaundice, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatic disease. In a retrospective study of 75 patients with acute pancreatitis liver function tests were found to be abnormal in 67% and contrast radiography proved to be of limited value. Ultrasonography performed shortly after admission showed an overall accuracy of 82% correct findings. The identification of gallstones in pancreatitis and cholecystitis permits early surgery, which reduces morbidity, improves prognosis, and is now being accepted as the treatment of choice.
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PMID:The clinical value of ultrasound in biliary tract and pancreatic disease. 49 36

A diagnosis of leptospirosis was confirmed in nine children who were admitted to St. Louis Children's Hospital during the past 54 months. Epidemiologic, clinical, cultural, and serologic data which were obtained emphasize (1) the high incidence of urban cases; (2) contact with dogs as the most likely source of infection; and (3) that serotypes other than Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae may produce severe clinical disease. Unusual or previously unreported manifestations of leptospirosis including acalculous cholecystitis, pancreatitis, abdominal causalgia, desquamating skin rashes, and infarction of the extremities which were noted in these children are discussed.
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PMID:Leptospirosis: a childhood disease. 55 83

To assess the diagnostic accuracy of a computer-aided-diagnosis system when implemented in different parts of the world, an automated system, which had established its reliability in Leeds, England, was transferred to Sherbrooke, Quebec. In this preliminary study two retrospective series, comprising 104 patients with acute abdominal pain and 101 patients with dyspepsia, were drawn from the files of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire in Sherbrooke. The history and physical-examination sheet was analyzed, coded and tested against the Leeds data base on a WANG 2200 computer, and the results were compared with the final Sherbrooke pathologic diagnosis. Overall the computer made a correct diagnosis in 78.8% of cases of acute abdominal pain and 70% of cases of dyspepsia. Computer diagnoses of appendicitis were correct in 97% of cases and the system recognized 91% of the actual appendicitis cases. Similar figures for cholecystitis were 91% and for peptic ulcer, 87%. However, the "pick-up" rate by the computer of pancreatitis was only 25%. It is concluded that geographical differences in disease presentation will probably not impair the validity of the computer method used in this study. A comparison of various diagnostic methods and levels of competence will await a prospective trial of this method.
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PMID:Computer-aided diagnosis of gastroenterologic diseases in Sherbrooke: preliminary report. 76 27

Two cases of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy occurred among Vietnamese evacuees in Arkansas. In both cases, Ascaris lumbricoides seemed the likely cause. In endemic areas including the rural southeastern United States, a high index of suspicion for ascariasis is needed because these worms may cause a variety of abdominal disorders including pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and bowel obstruction. In appropriate settings, a therapeutic trial with antihelminthics is indicated.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy with Ascaris infestation. 83 Nov 88

From their experimental findings in 120 rabbits, the authors conclude that, at first, cholecystitis is usually an aseptic lesion and infection occurs only secondarily. In a large number of cases the initial physiopathological mechanism is that of inflammation which may be due to mechanical causes such as obstruction of the gall bladder siphon and vasomotor phenomena under autonomic control. The histological lesions and course are comparable to those observed in clinical medicine. The interest of this experimental study is to compare the pathology of acute cholecystitis with pancreatitis and Reilly's syndrome and Gregoire and Couvelaire's theory of visceral apoplexy.
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PMID:[Experimental study of anatomo-pathological and physiopathological manifestations of acute cholecystitis]. 96 37

During a five-year period, 82 patients were treated for acute pancreatitis, 63 of whom were proved to have associated biliary tract disease. In 18 of the 63, the accepted preoperative diagnostic measures failed to demonstrate pathologic findings in the biliary system. In 16 of the 18 patients, stones were discovered at the time of operation, although in five they were so small as to be demonstrable only filtering the aspirated bile through gauze. In the two of the 18 without stones, cholecystitis was present. In 14 patients the ducts choledochus and the pancreatic duct had a common path. All patients had no further pancreatitis two to eight years cholecystectomy. In Israel, where alcoholism is rare, three fourths of the cases of acute pancreatitis are associated with gallbladder disease.
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PMID:Gallstone pancreatitis. Exploration of the biliary system in acute and recurrent pancreatitis. 97 Oct 87

Gastrointestinal complications developed in 29 (6%) of 510 patients following renal transplantation. Thirteen patients (45%) died as a result. Gastrointestinal bleeding, usually considered the commonest complication, was seen in only 7 cases. Other complications included pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia, massive ileus, fistulas with abscesses, bowel infarction, peptic ulcers without bleeding, obstruction, gangrenous cholecystitis, esophagitis, spontaneous perforation of the sigmoid colon, and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Six patients had no clinical or laboratory findings suggesting the underlying gastrointestinal complication; it was the radiographic findings that called attention to the acute problem.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal complications following renal transplantation. 109 14


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