Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 25 patients with metastatic renal cancer were treated on a phase II protocol with 5 days of continuous-infusion fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR), (0.1 mg/kg daily) together with high-dose oral leucovorin (100 mg 4 h) and daily x6 high-dose interferon-alpha 2b (30 x 10(6) IU/m2). Despite the good performance status of the patients and the inclusion of 14 previously untreated patients in the cohort, no response was observed among the 20 evaluable patients. Toxicities included high fever, moderate anemia, transient leukopenia, transient and mild elevations of transaminases, and moderate to severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis. There were also two episodes each of confusion, fluid retention, and pancreatitis and one episode of increased creatinine levels. During the study three deaths occurred, two of which were possibly therapy-related. Despite previous reports of activity of FUDR in metastatic renal cancer, the present regimen cannot be recommended.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1992
PMID:Continuous-infusion fluorodeoxyuridine with leucovorin and high-dose interferon: a phase II study in metastatic renal-cell cancer. 146 58

There have been reports in the medical community of hesitation regarding the administration of didanosine to adult HIV patients because of the fear of the documented toxicities associated with didanosine. The most worrisome toxicities include pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy. With close observation and follow-up, these toxicities can almost always be avoided or easily reversed. This article attempts to allay these fears so that the practitioner can administer this effective antiretroviral confidently and safely. The development of nucleoside and the pharmacology of didanosine are discussed. Drug administration information is provided, including a description of the different forms of didanosine currently available. Guidelines for assessing toxicities associated with didanosine, as well as suggestions for patient education, are also provided. Data gathered at the National Cancer Institute in the phase I didanosine trial indicate that early detection and discontinuation of didanosine, in nearly all cases, can limit or lessen the extent of morbidity.
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PMID:Didanosine use in the adult HIV patient. 146 32

Echo-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of pancreatic masses is a well-established diagnostic procedure. However, there is no consensus as to the superiority of cytology or microhistology. We compared the results of cytology and microhistology in 50 consecutive patients who underwent fine-needle aspiration biopsy for pancreatic masses. Aspirates were positive for malignant disease in 42 patients; the other eight had chronic focal pancreatitis. In the 42 cases of cancer, cytology provided conclusive results in 40 (95.2%); sampling was inadequate in two. Microhistology proved accurate in 30 cases (71.4%); insufficient tissue was obtained in 12, giving a statistically significant difference in favor of cytology (P < 0.01). In the eight patients with benign disease both techniques ruled out malignancy; in five microhistology gave further indications confirming suspected chronic pancreatitis (fibrosis, lymphocyte and histiocyte-cell infiltrate). Our results show that cytology is the method of choice in diagnosing pancreatic carcinoma. Microhistology can be a useful adjunct in patients with suspected chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Comparison between echo-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology and microhistology in diagnosing pancreatic masses. 146 27

We describe an adult patient who developed persistent hypercalcemia while bedridden for more than three months with pancreatitis and sepsis. On the basis of hypercalciuria, suppressed serum intact PTH, suppressed serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and no clinical evidence of malignancy, the diagnosis of immobilization hypercalcemia was established His hypercalcemia improved during treatment with saline, calcitonin and/or etidronate. With active mobilization and weight-bearing exercises, serum calcium finally normalized. We discuss clinical and laboratory features as well as current modalities of treatment of this rare form of hypercalcemia in adults.
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PMID:Immobilization hypercalcemia in an adult patient with pancreatitis and sepsis: case report. 148 89

During 1984-88 a population-based case-control study was carried out in The Netherlands, in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer, to examine the possible relationship between aspects of medical history and exocrine pancreatic carcinoma in 176 cases and 487 controls. About 58% of patients were interviewed directly. We observed an inverse relationship between medical treatment for allergy-related conditions and the development of pancreatic cancer (30 cases vs. 130 controls, OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.90). A history of gallbladder problems, gallstones, cholecystectomy, stomach or duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, appendicitis, diabetes or tonsillectomy was not related to risk. In direct responses, compared with once daily, a positive relationship was seen for stool frequency, 10 years ago, of less than once daily (18 cases vs. 40 controls, OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.04). In men, diabetes treated with insulin and diagnosed more than 1 year previously was significantly and positively related to risk (5 cases vs. 1 control, OR 11.66, 95% 1.28 to 105.95). In brief, the results of the present study suggest that a history of allergy-related conditions may protect, whereas a past stool frequency of less than once daily may enhance the risk of cancer of the pancreas. Other elements of the medical history were not consistently related to risk.
Int J Cancer 1992 Aug 19
PMID:Aspects of medical history and exocrine carcinoma of the pancreas: a population-based case-control study in The Netherlands. 150 Feb 22

The aim of this retrospective study was to test the quality of pancreatic sonography in a hospital without CT. Out of 25 patients 21 were assessable. We made the correct diagnosis in 76.2% (n = 16) of the cases. The tumour size was between 25 and 60 mm. 20 tumours showed a relatively hypoechoic mass. A dilatation of biliary ducts could be seen in 87.5%. Metastasis of lymph nodes we could only detect in 38.5%, liver metastases in 64.5%. The sensitivity increases with the experience of the examiner, but lot of time is necessary. It is difficult to make a differential diagnosis between carcinoma and pancreatitis. In this cases, CT shows better results. In spite of improvements in sonography, early cancer still is a diagnostic problem.
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PMID:[Sonography of pancreatic cancer]. 150 30

1. Specific criteria for pancreas donation are few. A donor history of diabetes mellitus is an absolute contraindication, as well as any direct trauma to the pancreas with severe pancreatitis. Extracranial malignancy and active infection rule out retrieval of both pancreas and kidneys. 2. A combined pancreas/kidney transplant requires two completely separate instrument setups. The instruments used to implant the pancreas are considered contaminated by the segment of duodenum containing the pancreatic duct. 3. In addition to those questions routinely asked of a patient on admission to the operating room, the perioperative nurse needs to know when the patient last underwent dialysis and when the last dose of insulin was given. Lab work should be quickly reviewed with special notice given to the hematocrit, hemoglobulin, and glucose levels.
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PMID:Renal transplants. Kidney and pancreatic transplantation. 153 41

Twenty one specimens of the pancreas in the patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy or total pancreatectomy for pancreatoduodenal cancer were divided into 4 groups according to the extent of fibrosis (Grade 0-Grade III). Islet cells of serial sections were stained immunohistochemically with calculation of the proportion of B-cells, A-cells, D-cells and PP-cells in the islets of Langerhans. In the pancreatic tissue with the most severe fibrosis (Grade III), B-cell ratio was significantly decreased (p less than 0.01), whereas A-cell ratio was significantly increased (p less than 0.01). Based on the data of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin response test, some indices were calculated (delta IRI/delta BS, sigma IRI/sigma BS, sigma delta IRI/sigma delta BS). In Grade III, sigma delta IRI/sigma delta BS was significantly decreased. A significant positive correlation was observed between B-cell ratio and both delta IRI/delta BS or sigma delta IRI/sigma delta BS, whereas a significant negative correlation was seen between A-cell ratio and sigma delta IRI/sigma delta BS. The present study first demonstrates the significant correlation between the endocrine secretory function of the islets and quantitative changes of the endocrine cells of islets in chronic obstructive pancreatitis due to pancreatoduodenal cancer. The present data strongly suggest that it is possible to estimate the degree of fibrosis and quantitative changes of the islet cells in the patients with pancreatoduodenal cancer by means of calculating the above mentioned indices, especially sigma delta IRI/sigma delta BS.
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PMID:[Morphometric study on islet of Langerhans in relation to glucose tolerance in chronic obstructive pancreatitis due to pancreatoduodenal cancer]. 155 89

A 61-year-old man experienced four bouts of pancreatitis in 1 year. Detailed history taking and a series of examinations, including sonography, computed tomography scan, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), revealed pancreas divisum on the first admission. He was treated conservatively. However, repeated ERCP on the fourth admission, 1 year later, showed a small filling defect in the tail of the pancreatic duct. A distal pancreatectomy was carried out. Pathological studies revealed a small papillary adenocarcinoma (1.5 x 1.0 x 0.5 cm) confined to the pancreatic duct grossly with minimal parenchymal invasion microscopically. He has been free from cancer and pancreatitis for 13 months since the operation.
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PMID:Pancreas divisum with early pancreatic cancer--presenting as chronic obstructive pancreatitis. 155 75

Seven cases of cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas were presented and the treatment of the cystic tumours of the pancreas was discussed in a surgical point of view. Distinction between true cysts like cystadenomas and pseudocysts following pancreatitis is of paramount importance. The clinical findings are mostly uncharacteristic and determinated by the late symptoms. The diagnosis of cystic tumours can usually be made by radiological imaging technique. Intraoperative examination of the frozen-sections is of paramount importance for the choice of the surgical procedure and hence the prognosis of the patient. Radical surgery is indicated in case of cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma. Every mucinous cystic neoplasm should be completely examined in carefully lamillated sections in order to identify its malignancy.
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PMID:[Cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Symptoms, diagnosis and surgical consequences]. 157 43


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