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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors observed 32448 cases of alimentary toxoinfection (AT), 96.8% of which were females. Acute surgical abdominal conditions arose in 3.6% of them: appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis. Aggravation of chronic diseases occurred in 11.6% of the patients, hypertension and cholelithiasis being most frequent. 119 patients developed myocardial infarction, 266 hypertension crisis. The occurrence of acute and chronic diseases were analyzed in relation to common pathogenetic features, role of infection, intoxication, microcirculatory disturbances and hemostatic impairment. AT are suggested as risk factors of certain diseases likely to deteriorate prognosis.
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PMID:[Food poisonings as a risk factor for the development of acute and the exacerbation of chronic diseases]. 803 5

In addition to plain X-ray of the abdomen, ultrasonography has proven to be an accurate complementary imaging method in acute abdominal disorders. It may furnish not only additional information but also the final diagnosis in many cases (i.e. acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, appendicitis and gynecological diseases). Ultrasound is the method of first choice especially in children, adolescents, young women and when inflammation appears to be the reason for acute abdominal pain. In this paper, the main indications for ultrasound in acute abdominal diseases are pointed out. The most common diseases are shown with their typical ultrasound appearances in short overviews. Particular reference is made to a critical approach, emphasizing relevant further investigations.
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PMID:[Ultrasound diagnosis of the acute abdomen]. 811 94

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is usually a complication of pre-existing cirrhosis, abdominal malignancy (e.g., pancreatic or hepatocellular carcinoma), or abdominal inflammation (e.g., appendicitis, diverticulitis, pancreatitis). Less frequently, PVT can be associated with myeloproliferative or connective tissue disorders or inflammatory bowel disease [1]. PVT can cause or exacerbate portal hypertension; variceal bleeding or hypersplenism may then develop acutely or several years later. PVT also complicates portosystemic shunt surgery or hepatic transplantation. Unfortunately, the signs and symptoms of PVT can be subtle or nonspecific and can be overshadowed by the underlying illness. The radiologist may be the only physician to suggest the preoperative or premortem diagnosis of PVT. Familiarity with the imaging findings of PVT, therefore, is imperative.
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PMID:Portal vein thrombosis: imaging findings. 827 95

Intraabdominal abscesses may complicate many illnesses including diverticulitis, pancreatitis, and appendicitis, or they may occur during the postoperative period. As new methods of imaging are developed that provide additional information on patients with these abscesses, earlier and more accurate diagnoses can be made, allowing for prompt intervention. With the advent of these new imaging methods, techniques for treatment of abscesses by percutaneous drainage have been developed. In light of these advances, we review the current strategies for the management of intraabdominal abscesses.
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PMID:Intraabdominal abscesses: image-guided diagnosis and therapy. 881 24

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white populations, is characterized by dysfunctional chloride ion transport across epithelial surfaces. Although recurrent pulmonary infections and pulmonary insufficiency are the principal causes of morbidity and death, gastrointestinal symptoms commonly precede the pulmonary findings and may suggest the diagnosis in infants and young children. The protean gastrointestinal manifestations of CF result primarily from abnormally viscous luminal secretions within hollow viscera and the ducts of solid organs. Bowel obstruction may be present at birth due to meconium ileus or meconium plug syndrome. Complications of meconium ileus include volvulus, small bowel atresia, perforation, and meconium peritonitis with abdominal calcifications. Older children with CF may present with bowel obstruction due to distal intestinal obstruction syndrome or colonic stricture, and tenacious intestinal residue may serve as a lead point for intussusception or cause recurrent rectal prolapse. Radiologic studies often demonstrate thickened intestinal mucosal folds in older children and uncommonly show colonic pneumatosis, peptic esophageal stricture due to gastroesophageal reflux, and duodenal ulcer. Appendicitis due to inspissated secretions is uncommon. Obstruction of ducts and ductules produces exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatitis, cholestasis, cholelithiasis, and cirrhosis with portal hypertension. On imaging studies, the pancreas is commonly small and largely replaced by fat, sometimes displays calcifications, and is rarely replaced by macrocysts. Radiologic features of hepatobiliary disease include an enlarged radiolucent liver from steatosis, gallstones, a shrunken nodular liver, splenomegaly, and portosystemic collateral vessels. With the improved survival of CF patients, an increased risk for developing gastrointestinal carcinomas has been established, many occurring as early as the 3rd decade.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis: radiologic-pathologic correlation. 883 77

The round worm, Ascaris lumbricoides, is one of the largest of the parasites that infest the human bowel. The worms usually develop in the jejunum and can reach several thousand in number, causing bowel obstruction, volvulus, intussusception, appendicitis and even bowel perforation with penetration into the peritoneal cavity. They tend to invade the bile and pancreatic ducts and may cause acute cholecystitis and pancreatitis. Ascaris lumbricoides can be detected by sonography. This imaging modality can be helpful in diagnosing the presence of the worms and in evaluating response to treatment. We present an 18-month-old girl in whom bowel worms were detected by sonography.
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PMID:[Sonographic imaging of Ascaris lumbricoides]. 894 May 20

Nonobstetric surgical emergencies may be difficult to recognize in pregnant patients whose normal physiologic state is altered by pregnancy. Early suspicion and serial examination in pregnancy may result in appropriate interventions for appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and bowel obstruction. Treatment in pregnant patients who experience trauma must be systematic so that situations at risk for maternal and fetal loss can be recognized.
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PMID:Nonobstetric emergencies in pregnancy: trauma and surgical conditions. 932 13

It has been proposed that early assessment by a senior surgeon would result in a significant reduction in the number of general surgical admissions. A prospective study of 290 surgical patients admitted to a busy district general hospital over a period of 1 calendar month has been performed to test this hypothesis. After admission, all patients were assessed by a senior surgeon who carried out triage for each patient. The commonest diagnoses in descending order of frequency were non-specific abdominal pain, appendicitis, diverticular disease, cholecystitis, head injury and pancreatitis. Twenty-two per cent of emergency admissions underwent emergency surgery. A total of 90.7% of admissions were deemed appropriate, 5.5% were deemed inappropriate and in 3.8% of cases the senior surgeon was uncertain as to whether the patient should be admitted or not. Our data fail to substantiate the claim that a significant reduction in intake size would be achieved by early assessment by a senior surgeon. Assessment by surgeons may mean sacrificing other clinical commitments, and is likely to result in a diminution in the standard of both basic and higher surgical training.
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PMID:Can emergency general surgical referrals be reduced? A prospective study. 944 91

Abdominal pain is among the most frequent ailments reported in the office setting and can account for up to 40% of ailments in the ambulatory practice. Also, it is in the top three symptoms of patients presenting to emergency departments (ED) and accounts for 5-10% of all ED primary presenting ailments. There are several common sources for acute abdominal pain and many for subacute and chronic abdominal pain. This article explores the history-taking, initial evaluation, and examination of the patient presenting with acute abdominal pain. The goal of this article is to help differentiate one source of pain from another. Discussion of acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, diverticulitis, gastritis, and gastroenteritis are undertaken. Additionally, there is discussion of common laboratory studies, diagnostic studies, and treatment of the patient with the above entities.
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PMID:Acute abdominal pain. 970 80

Over a period of three years, 122 patients who presented with acute abdomen, and had normal abdominal x-rays on admission were examined with Ultrasonography (U/S) in order to evaluate the use of Abdominal Ultrasonography in patients with negative x-ray findings. Sonographic evaluation was undertaken with Siemen's equipment (Sonoline S1-2) with a 3.5 MHz sector transducer for the abdominal organs and 5 or 7.5 MHz sector transducer for the abdominal organs and 5 or 7.5 MHz linear array for the intestines and right iliac fossa. Analysis included features or organ inflammation, bowel wall changes, and motility and collections. Ultrasound guided aspiration and drainage were done when necessary. Surgical confirmation was obtained in 86 out of the 122 cases. The commonest finding were appendicitis, intestinal obstruction and gynaecological pathologies. Ultrasound correctly identified 76 out of the 86 positive cases (88%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive valve and negative predictive valves were 88%, 78%, 96% and 83% respectively. There were seven (7) false negative findings, and three (3) false positive cases. Pancreatitis was the commonest cause of false negative findings. The study clearly shows that ultrasound imaging can identify the underlying pathology in 88% of patients with acute abdomen with negative, plain abdominal x-ray findings. Ultrasound guided interventional procedures can also be done without delay.
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PMID:The value of ultrasonography in the x-ray negative non-traumatic acute abdomen. 971 10


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