Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To evaluate the influence of chronic alcoholism on clinical features of chronic pancreatitis in Japan, pain evolution, pancreatic insufficiency, and long-term prognosis were studied by comparing chronic alcoholic pancreatitis (N = 88) with idiopathic pancreatitis (N = 67). The 155 patients with known course of the disease over three years were followed-up further for five more years, and pain evolution was evaluated once at the start and once at the end of the follow-up period. At the time of diagnosis, severe pain (59 vs 33%, P less than 0.001), pancreatic calcification (63 vs 31%, P less than 0.001), advanced exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (72 vs 60%, NS), and overt diabetes (48 vs 17%, P less than 0.001) were more common in alcoholic than in idiopathic pancreatitis, respectively. Pain evolution was similar in both pancreatitis, and the pain decreased with time. The rate of abstinence was higher in groups with pain relief than without in alcoholic pancreatitis. Cumulative mortality rate during the five years was higher in alcoholic than idiopathic pancreatitis (26 vs 10%, P less than 0.01). These results suggest more favorable evolution of the disease can be expected by abstinence from alcohol.
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PMID:Chronic alcoholism and evolution of pain and prognosis in chronic pancreatitis. 291 Jun 80

A retrospective review of 20 adult patients with splanchnic venous obstruction secondary to chronic pancreatitis was performed to identify factors important in the preoperative diagnosis and operative management of this disorder. Fifteen patients with isolated splenic vein obstruction, four with portal occlusion and one with isolated inferior mesenteric vein occlusion were studied. Chronic alcoholism was the etiology of the pancreatitis in 18 patients; two patients had a Type IV hyperlipidemia. Four patients with massive hemorrhage from gastric varices were treated with splenectomy. Most patients presented with complaints of chronic pancreatitis, requiring pancreaticojejunostomy to treat the underlying pancreatic disorder. Splenic artery inflow control was obtained preoperatively in six patients and offers a technique that is beneficial in decreasing operative blood loss. The dynamic computerized tomography (CT) scan was a valuable diagnostic tool in identifying splanchnic venous obstruction although selective angiography is required for confirmation of the diagnosis.
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PMID:Splanchnic venous obstruction. A complication of chronic pancreatitis. 291 45

One hundred nineteen children, either French or from the Ivory Coast, aged 1-8 years, were submitted to pancreatic function testing by duodenal aspiration. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, phospholipase, amylase, volume, bicarbonate, chloride, and calcium were estimated before and after an intravenous injection of 1 CU secretin + 3 CHR units pancreozymin per kilogram of body weight. Sixty-two patients were normal European children, and 11 were normal African children. Twenty-five African children presented with kwashiorkor and 10 African children had presented with kwashiorkor but had recovered at the time of the test. Three cases of recurrent kwashiorkor are also included. In the normal group of African children, phospholipase concentration, volume, and bicarbonate were significantly decreased but chymotrypsin and trypsin concentrations were not, when compared to the normal European population. In kwashiorkor patients, lipase, amylase, phospholipase, and chymotrypsin concentration were significantly decreased compared to normal Africans. Trypsin, volume, and bicarbonate were not affected. These modifications disappeared after refeeding. In cases of recurrent kwashiorkor, all enzymes, including trypsin, were decreased. Calcium was never modified. These modifications were very different from those observed in chronic alcoholic and hypercalcemic pancreatitis. In a two-year study, chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) was diagnosed in 14 patients (13 males), hospitalized in Abidjan. The mean age at onset of the disease was 41 years (SD 12.71), which is very similar to European cases. The most frequent cause was alcoholism, as in Occidental countries. The nutrition of the population was low in protein, calories being provided mostly by manioc, but no apparent symptoms of malnutrition were observed in the parents of our patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Exocrine pancreatic function of children from the Ivory Coast compared to French children. Effect of kwashiorkor. 300 10

The tropical calcifying pancreatitis and/or fibrous pancreatitis are responsible for a number of cases of juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes in the Third World countries. World wide distributed in the tropical areas of Asia, Africa and South America, they can also be observed in Europe, in migrants from these countries. Intensive epidemiological and biochemical studies are currently developed in order to shed light on the many obscure points. Classification of the typical calcifying pancreatitis and the related syndromes is a matter of debate. The pathological basis is calcification of the pancreas and echography of the gland may become a cheap convenient relatively specific tool for epidemiology. The clinical syndrome consists of chronic painful pancreatic episodes since childhood, associated with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, followed by the onset, during adolescence, of diabetes mellitus, which is most of the times insulin dependent. Patients' history is free of chronic alcoholism, but includes constantly chronic caloric and proteic malnutrition. Although insulin dependent this diabetes in not prone to ketosis, due presumably to carnitine deficiency and relative glucagon deficiency (or suppressibility). Insulin resistance is traditionally noted, the pathophysiology of which is unknown. The mechanism of calcification appearance is also undetermined. Either a deficiency in pancreatic stone protein, or the toxic effect of cyanogen glucosides present in cassava and other tropical foodstuffs, or the malnutrition-related deficiency in sulphur-containing aminoacids may be causal factors. No valid experimental model of the disease is available.
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PMID:[Diabetogenic tropical pancreatitis]. 304 66

During the last years the per-capita-consumption of pure alcohol in the Federal Republic of Germany is slightly decreasing. In 1986 every person consumed an average of 11.5 litres of pure alcohol (146.4 litres of beer, 23.3 litres of wine and 6.1 litres of spirits). The amount of the alcohol addicts must be estimated at about 1.5 to 1.8 million people. Among the alcohol-abusers and alcohol-addicts the rate of mortality, caused by accidents, physical diseases and suicides is many times higher than among the non-drinking or rarely drinking population. Alcoholism liver-cirrhosis and pancreatitis are responsible for about 20.000 deaths per annum and for the loss of 400.000 years of life.
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PMID:[The public health political status of alcohol drinking in West Germany]. 321 30

The incidence of pancreatitis has been increasing during the last decennium paralleling a rapid enhancement in alcohol consumption. For many years, diagnostic criteria of chronic pancreatitis were exclusively based on the estimation of the exocrine pancreatic function. New valuable information is provided from endoscopic retrograde pancreaticography (ERP) and pancreatic ultrasonography. In a consecutive series of patients with chronic alcoholism changes in the pancreatogram were demonstrated in approximately 44% of the patients. A comparative study of ERP and exocrine pancreatic function showed that only patients with advanced pancreatic lesions had a significant reduction in pancreatic function. It is suggested that 'subclinical pancreatitis' is frequent among alcoholics. Complementary use of pancreatic ultrasonography and ERP gives a differentiated picture of pancreatic disease and is recommended among the first steps in the diagnostic chain for pancreatic disease.
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PMID:Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography and exocrine pancreatic function. 330 15

On the basis of the examination of 30 patients the authors have concluded that to improve the efficacy of the treatment of chronic relapsing painful pancreatitis combined with alcoholism, it is necessary that the diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism be included into the multiple-modality therapy of these patients during their stay in surgical hospitals. The prognosis of alcoholism development should be taken into account in selecting therapeutic policy for such patients. Thus, it is recommended that full-scale surgical intervention be performed in patients with a low risk of a relapse of alcoholism in the postoperative period. In conducting antialcoholic treatment preference should be given to psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy because of the gravity of the patients' somatic status.
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PMID:[Anti-alcoholic therapy in the complex treatment of patients with primary chronic recurrent pancreatitis and alcoholism]. 337 55

To determine trends in alcoholism and narcotics abuse, New Jersey State Medical Examiner cases from Essex County of those age 12 or older during three consecutive 12-month periods from October 1981 to September 1984 (years 1, 2 and 3) were analyzed. Cases were classified as alcoholics or narcotics abusers according to the following criteria: any case record report of drinking problems or narcotics abuse, alcoholism or narcotics abuse indicated in the manner or cause of death or autopsy findings of liver change or pancreatitis due to alcoholism, or toxicology findings of narcotics (unless medically prescribed). The age-eligible cases decreased from 710 in year 1 to 691 in year 2 and 643 in year 3. Decedents classified as alcoholics rose from 18% in year 1 to 25% in years 2 and 3. The proportions classified as narcotic abusers and those with both conditions were relatively constant, averaging 7 and 5%, respectively, over the 3 years. Substance abuse itself was the manner of death for alcoholics and most of those with both conditions; 38% of the narcotics abusers were homicide victims. There were no appreciable demographic changes among substance abusers during this period.
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PMID:Trends in alcoholism and narcotics abuse from medical examiner data. 348 33

Pericardial effusion as a complication of acute pancreatitis has been described in several isolated case reports. However, the prevalence of pericardial effusion in patients with acute pancreatitis has not been studied. Alcoholism and severe acute pancreatitis have been shown to cause left ventricular dysfunction. We studied 15 consecutive patients, hospitalized for the treatment of acute, alcohol-induced pancreatitis, and 28 control subjects by M-mode echocardiography to detect pericardial effusion and to assess left ventricular function. Seven patients (47%) with pancreatitis and three control subjects (11%) had pericardial effusion; the prevalence of pericardial effusion in patients with pancreatitis was significantly greater (Fisher's exact test) than in control subjects. There was no evidence of impairment of left ventricular function in the patients, all of whom had mild acute pancreatitis; the mean fractional systolic shortening of the left ventricle in patients was not significantly different from that of control subjects (38% +/- 8.5% vs 37% +/- 8.0%), and the mean velocity of left ventricular circumferential shortening in patients was significantly higher than in control subjects (1.58 +/- 0.34 circumferences per second vs 1.29 +/- 0.32 circumferences per second). We conclude that in patients with mild acute alcohol-induced pancreatitis, pericardial effusion occurs frequently and that left ventricular function is unimpaired.
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PMID:Pericardial effusion and left ventricular function in patients with acute alcoholic pancreatitis. 357 45

The mortality and the causes of death have been studied in a cohort consisting of 1548 male alcoholics in Stockholm. During the period 1969-1981 there were 542 cases of death in this population. The mortality rates were triple those for males in Stockholm generally. Using the official causes of death there was a highly significant excess mortality in the following diagnostic groups: Cancer in the upper digestive region, primary hepatic cancer, cirrhosis in the liver, pancreatitis, pneumonia, alcoholism and alcoholic poisoning, suicides and other causes of violent death as well as ischemic heart disease. The underlying and contributing causes of death on the death certificates were reclassified according to ICD-rules using clinical records and autopsy protocols. It was found that the underlying cause of death was incorrect in 21.8% of the cases. Important information was withheld in further 19.8%. After validation there was no longer any excess mortality in ischemic heart disease. The number of alcohol-related diagnoses, i.e. alcoholic cardiomyopathy, cirrhosis and fatty liver with alcoholism and alcoholic intoxication, was much greater. It is concluded that there is a underreporting of alcohol-related diseases and injuries which has a great influence on the reliability of death statistics.
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PMID:Validation of diagnoses on death certificates for male alcoholics in Stockholm. 358 75


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