Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030305 (pancreatitis)
 16,014 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Total protein, alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha2-macroglobulin, amylase, methemalbumin, tryptic amidase activity, radioimmunoassayable elastase 2, and three lysosomal hydrolases were determined in the ascites fluid from patients with acute pancreatitis. In eight patients methemalbumin was detected in ascites and serum, supporting the diagnosis of hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Significant levels (4-45 microgram/ml) of tryptic amidase activity were detected in ascites samples from all patients. Evidence is presented which demonstrates that the tryptic amidase activity is due to alpha2-macroglobulin-bound trypsin. Pancreatic elastase 2, determined with a new sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay, ranged from 400 to 2100 ng/ml in serum and from 650 to 4460 ng/ml in ascites fluid. Substantial amounts of alpha2-macroglobulin-bound trypsin and elastase 2, entering the circulation from the peritoneal cavity, might be responsible for certain serious complications seen in acute pancreatitis. However, with the exception of serum calcium and methemalbumin and the ascites fluid methemalbumin and total protein, none of the biochemical parameters studied showed a distinct correlation with the patient's outcome.
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PMID:Studies on the ascites fluid of acute pancreatitis in man. 62 83

A retrospective and prospective study was made of 82 attacks of acute pancreatitis occurring in 80 patients. Attacks were defined as mild (55) or severe (27) according to clinical criteria. Severe attacks were associated with significantly low levels of uncorrected calcium and calculated ionized calcium, both at the time of admission and 48 h later. Patients with severe attacks were found to have lower levels of parathyroid hormone than either those with mild attacks or other patients who had undergone an abdominal operation. These results indicate that severe pancreatitis is associated with true hypocalcaemia, and that deficiency of circulating parathyroid hormone may be a factor in its production.
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PMID:The nature of hypocalcaemia in acute pancreatitis. 63 40

Encouraged by reports of the therapeutic efficacy of peritoneal lavage in small series of five or six patients with acute pancreatitis, we have evaluated this treatment in 24 patients with "severe" pancreatitis. One hundred and three patients with "severe" pancreatitis (28% mortality) were separated from 347 with "mild" pancreatitis (0.9% mortality) by previously described early objective signs. Early treatment (Day 0-7) of "severe" pancreatitis included peritoneal lavage through catheters placed nonoperatively in 18 (Group A) and by catheters placed at laparotomy in six (Group C). Early treatment of nonlavaged patients with "severe" pancreatitis was by standard nonoperative measures in 61 (Group B) and included early operation in 18 (Group D). Lavage was continued for 48-96 hours, usually using 36-48 L/24 hours of balanced isotonic dialysate fluid, and was uncomplicated. Lavage led to striking immediate clinical improvement and no lavaged patient (Groups A and C) died during the first 10 days of treatment of pancreatitis. By contrast, 45% of deaths in nonlavaged patients (Group B and D) occurred during this early period, usually from cardiovascular or respiratory failure. Although lavage reduced mortality in subgroups of patients, ultimate overall survival was no affected (Group A, 83%; B, 84%; C, 33%; D,33%). Late peripancreatic abscesses caused most deaths in lavaged patients. These data show that peritoneal complications of severe acute pancreatitis and dramatically reduces early mortality. Lavage does not prevent the late local sequelae of peripancreatic necrosis.
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PMID:The role of peritoneal lavage in severe acute pancreatitis. 64 97

The authors studied the lipid profile in acute pancreatitis in humans and also in dogs in which this disease had been induced experimentally. Blood samples were analysed by mass spectroscopy and gas chromatography. During the acute phase of the pancreatitis there was a significant reversal of the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids. There was a marked increase in the concentration of fatty acids in the blood with monounsaturation in both carbon-16 and carbon-18 chains and diunsaturation in the later carbon chains. These changes have not been reported in any disease state.
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PMID:Lipid alterations in acute pancreatitis. 64 22

Amylase thermolability was determined by heating sera from control patients and patients with acute pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocysts at 65 degrees C for 15 min. Normal serum amylase was 44 per cent thermolabile, but increased to 84 per cent thermolability during the hyperamylasaemia of acute pancreatitis, and returned to normal on resolution of the pancreatitis. In 9 patients with a pancreatic pseudocyst, although the total amylase level had almost returned to normal limits, 79 per cent of the amylase remained thermolabile. Amylase thermolability appears to be a simple screening test for pancreatic pseudocyst formation secondary to acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Amylase thermolability as a screening test for pancreatic pseudocysts. 65 60

Paired acute and convalescent serum samples from 27 consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis were examined for evidence of infection with several viral agents. Evidence of infection with Coxsackie viruses group B was found in three patients, and of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae in nine patients (33%). This latter finding confirms recent reports from Scandinavia linking pancreatitis and serological evidence of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The possibility that a true association exists between the two conditions is considered, together with alternative explanations, and further work is envisaged to elucidate these findings.
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PMID:Acute pancreatitis and serological evidence of infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. 65 65

Peroxidation of lipids and alteration in antioxidative activity were studied in normal state and in experimental pancreatitis within 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after the operation. Experimental pancreatitis was accompanied by increase in content of lipid peroxides and by decrease in antioxidative activity of lipids extracted from liver tissue. Administration of thiosulfate decreased slightly the lipid peroxides content and increased the level of antioxidants in pancreatitis. The data obtained suggest that thiosulfate is effective inhibitor of free radical oxidation; it may be used as therapeutic drug in acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:[Peroxidative and antioxidative activity of lipids in experimental pancreatitis]. 66 86

A wide range of enzymes was investigated following endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatographie ERCP/. Of the 12 enzymes studied highly significant increase of levels were seen in amylase /AML/ and lipase /LIP/ activities. Increase in the other 13 enzymes were slight and failed to persist for 40 hours. The incidence rate of a subclinical pancreatitis-like disorder is high, but typical acute pancreatitis is rare. Likely post-ERCP complications must not be disregarded, however, in selecting patients for ERCP.
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PMID:Serum enzyme changes after endoscopic retrograde cholanigo-pancreatography/ERCP/. 66 25

Atrial fibrillation is one of the rarer cardiovascular signs complicating acute pancreatitis and may lead to diagnostic difficulties. Two patients who developed this arrhyrhmia during the acute phase of their pancreatic disease are described. Therapy was primarily directed at the pancreatitis and both patients reverted to sinus rhythm within 8 hours before recovering.
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PMID:Atrial fibrillation in acute pancreatitis. A report of two cases. 67 14

The value of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in a surgical unit was established by analysing 200 consecutive studies. The selective success rate was 80%. The groups of indications were jaundice (27%), postcholecystectomy pain (22%), recurrent acute pancreatitis (19%), complicated attack of acute pancreatitis (14%), and other (18%). A normal ERC was found and operation thus avoided in 26% of cases with persistent jaundice. In patients with postcholecystectomy pain pathological findings were found in 50% and half of them were operated upon. In pancreatitis demonstration of the pancreatic ducts and grading of the disease facilitated selection of the treatment and enabled preoperative planning of the surgical procedure. The pancreas was resected in 13 of 59 cases with diagnostic ERP. In pancreatic carcinoma ERCP led directly to diagnosis, but only two (ampullary carcinomas) out of ten were operable. The overall complication rate was 4%, including one case of fatal haemorrhagic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a surgical unit. 67 99


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