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Query: UMLS:C0030201 (Postoperative pain)
 1,085 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The primary or secondary reconstruction of the facial access after Caldwell-Luc and the more selective resection of sinusal mucous membranes can be important in the therapy and prevention of postoperative complications such as neuralgic facial pain, formation of cysts and chronic sinusitis. The different osteoplastic sinus operations are described and the use of a pedicled bonelid is illustrated. The most common accepted ethiology of post-operative pain is based on the formation of scar-tissue. Postoperative pain is first being treated conservatively, while in case of persisting pain an exploration with dissection of the infra-orbital nerve and reconstruction of the facial defect can be indicated. In a retrospective study of 36 patients the results of our surgical therapy are illustrated.
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PMID:[Pedicled facial bone flap for closure of the approach in Caldwell-Luc type sinus operations. Its role in the prevention of postoperative complications]. 144 90

This study evaluates the reliability and validity of the Toddler-Preschooler Postoperative Pain Scale (TPPPS), an observational scale developed to be a clinically useful measure of postoperative pain in children aged 1-5 years. The TPPPS consists of 7 items divided among 3 pain behavior categories: (1) Vocal pain expression; (2) Facial pain expression; and (3) Bodily pain expression. These items were derived from preliminary studies by the authors and from other observational studies of children's pain behavior. Seventy-four children between the ages of 12 and 64 months seen for inguinal hernia or hydrocele repair were the subjects of the study. Subjects were observed postoperatively for six 5-min intervals, commencing with their awakening from anesthesia, using the TPPPS. Two raters independently observed 28 of the children to assess inter-rater reliability. Validity was assessed by relating TPPPS scores to the timing and type of analgesics used, visual analog and numerical scale pain ratings made by parents and nurses, and perioperative vital signs. The TPPPS was found to possess satisfactory internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88). Inter-rater reliability was good, with kappas for the pain behavior items ranging from 0.53 to 0.78. Preliminary evidence of the scale's validity is provided by the sensitivity of the scale to analgesic regimen, the convergence between TPPPS scores and nurse and parent ratings of postoperative pain, and the associations found between TPPPS scores and perioperative vital signs.
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PMID:The Toddler-Preschooler Postoperative Pain Scale: an observational scale for measuring postoperative pain in children aged 1-5. Preliminary report. 145 84

Pain is the most common symptom of any illness; the physician's therapeutic task is twofold: to discover and treat the cause of pain and the pain itself, whether or not the underlying cause is treatable, to provide relief and reduce the suffering caused by pain. Although we use the term of pain to define all sensations that hurt or are unpleasant, actually two quite different kinds of pain exist. The first (nociceptive) is associated with tissue damage or inflammation, the second (neuropathic) results from a lesion to the peripheral or central nervous systems. Pain can also be divided in acute and chronic. Caregivers are to face pain in two main settings: after surgery and in cancer patients. These tasks require a multidisciplinary team, able to properly assess and treat pain. Postoperative pain is to be treated early and aggressively. Several drug options are available, to be tailored on the surgical procedure and the patient. Pain in cancer patients consists of different aspects: it can be caused by the cancer itself or may be secondary to muscular spasm or cancer treatments. The management involves mainly pharmacotherapy, but also primary treatments as surgery, radiochemotherapy or even antibiotics can provide an adequate relief. Analgesics are to be employed according to an ascending scale, but other options can be combined to improve the outcome when a satisfactory balance between relief and side effects is not achieved; they include invasive techniques, physical and psychological therapy. The mainstay of pain management entails a interdisciplinary cooperation; it requires a full knowledge of the methods of evaluation and treatment of this condition.
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PMID:EAU guidelines on pain management. 1449 70