Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the most sensitive early indicator of toxicity from exposure to O2, we measured respiratory clearance of 99mTc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (Tc-DTPA), pulmonary function, serum Factor VIII antigen, and plasma fibronectin values and monitored symptoms in six normal volunteers who breathed 21, 40, and 100% O2, administered in random order, for 17 h at least 1 wk apart. Twenty minutes after beginning O2, arterial PO2 differed among the three exposure groups. After exposure to the three concentrations of O2, there were no differences in Tc-DTPA clearance, vital capacity, FEV1/FVC, diffusing capacity, Factor VIII antigen, or fibronectin concentration. In contrast, all subjects complained of retrosternal pain during and after breathing 100% O2 (p less than 0.001). We conclude that with exposure to 100% O2, retrosternal pain, presumably from tracheal inflammation, occurs before detectable abnormalities of epithelial solute permeability (Tc-DTPA clearance), endothelial O2 injury (fibronectin concentration and Factor VIII), or pulmonary function. These findings indicate that symptoms are more sensitive than signs in detecting early O2 toxicity.
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PMID:Retrosternal pain is an early indicator of oxygen toxicity. 249 34

A 60-year-old man presented with waste, muscle weakness and pain of knees and shoulders. Endocrinological investigations revealed low plasma cortisol and ACTH levels, delayed response of plasma cortisol to ACTH, no response of plasma ACTH to CRF and normal response to other pituitary hormone to corresponding stimulate test. He was diagnosed as isolated ACTH deficiency. Then we examined plasma type IV collagen 7S and fibronectin, because experimentally, corticosteroid regulates the extracellular matrix structure composed of type IV collagen, fibronectin and so on. These parameters were elevated and rapidly decreased to the normal range with the replacement of hydrocortisone, simultaneously his arthralgia was improved. These parameters can reflect the biochemistric change in cortisol deficiency state.
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PMID:[Changes of type IV collagen 7S and fibronectine in a patient with isolated ACTH deficiency]. 852 45

Fibronectin, a large extracellular glycoprotein, mediates the interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix. Heterogeneity in the structure of fibronectin is largely due to the alternative splicing of three exons (IIIB, IIIA and V) during processing of the fibronectin primary transcript. Osteoarthritis, a degenerative disease of synovial joints, is characterized by a progressive loss of the articular cartilage eventually resulting in pain and loss of joint function. In contrast to the loss of most cartilage matrix proteins accompanying this process, osteoarthritic cartilage contains more fibronectin than disease-free cartilage. We examined the splicing patterns of fibronectin mRNA from adult human articular cartilage of normal and osteoarthritic joints by RNase protection (exon IIIA and exon IIIB) and reversed transcription-polymerase chain reaction (exon V) assays to determine whether or not the increased fibronectin content in osteoarthritic cartilage is also associated with differences in the splicing patterns of these three alternatively spliced exons. The results revealed no gross differences in splicing of these exons between the fibronectin mRNA isolated from adult human articular normal and osteoarthritic cartilage. Thus alterations in the structure of cartilage fibronectin do not appear to correlate with the increased level of fibronectin protein associated with osteoarthritis.
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PMID:Splicing patterns of fibronectin mRNA from normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage. 858 48

Calcium antagonist increase extracellular matrix collagenase activity as well as decrease collagen, fibronectin synthesis and secretion, altering fibroblastic metabolism. Preliminary findings reports that Verapamil improves would healing; Levine (1994) suggest that intralesional calcium antagonist (Verapamil) therapy offers an economical and sensible non operative approach for the treatment of Peyronie's disease. We studied and verified the effect of Verapamil in Peyronie's plaque on 39 men. They received injections of Verapamil bi-weekly in to the plaques for 6 months. Subjectively, improvement in rigidity was observed in 23,1% and a plaque softening observed in 48,7%. Rapid resolution of pain was verified in 90,9%. Objectively, curvature improved in 50% of those in which the diagnosis of Peyronie's disease was less than one year old, but in only 10.2% when disease lasted more than one year. A decreased plaque volume was not observed. There was no toxicity related to Verapamil effect. In this nonrandomized study we retained that Verapamil appears to result in an improvement in patients with symptoms lasting less than one year. For patients without pain with symptoms related to more than one year, Verapamil had no important effect.
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PMID:[Clinical effects of verapamil in the treatment of Peyronie's disease]. 892 94

Sickle-cell adherence to endothelium has been hypothesized to initiate or contribute to microvascular occlusion and pain episodes. Adherence involves plasma proteins, endothelial-cell adhesion molecules, and receptors on sickle erythrocytes. It has previously been reported that sickle reticulocytes express the alpha 4 beta 1 integrin receptor and bind to cytokine-activated endothelium via an alpha 4 beta 1/vascular-cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) interaction. To elucidate other roles for alpha 4 beta 1 in sickle-cell adherence, the ability of activated alpha 4 beta 1 to promote adhesion to endothelium via a ligand different than VCAM-1 was explored. Adherence assays were performed under dynamic conditions at a shear stress of 1 dyne/cm2. Preincubation of sickle erythrocytes with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) increased adherence of sickle cells eightfold as compared with untreated sickle cells. Normal erythrocytes, whether treated with PDBu or not, did not adhere to the endothelium. Activating anti-beta 1 antibodies 4B4 and 8A2 also increased the adhesion of sickle, but not normal, red blood cell (RBC) adhesion to endothelium. Anti-alpha 4 antibodies HP1/2 and HP2/1, inhibitory antibody 4B5, or an RGD peptide inhibited sickle-cell adherence induced by PDBu. Additional studies were undertaken to examine if fibronectin, a ligand for activated alpha 4 beta 1, was involved in PDBu-induced sickle erythrocyte adherence. Adherence of PDBu-treated sickle cells was completely inhibited by the CS-1 peptide of fibronectin. Fibronectin was detected on the surface of washed endothelium using an antifibronectin antibody in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Antifibronectin antibody pretreatment of endothelial cells inhibited PDBu-induced adherence by 79% +/- 17%. Incubation of sickle RBCs with exogenous fibronectin after PDBu treatment inhibited adherence 86% +/- 8%. Taken together, these data suggest that endothelial-bound fibronectin mediates adherence of PDBu-treated sickle cells. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a chemokine released in response to bacterial infection, viral infection, or other injurious agents, and known to activate integrins, also increased adherence of sickle erythrocytes to endothelial cells via fibronectin. This novel adherence pathway involving sickle-cell alpha 4 beta 1 activated by PDBu or IL-8 may therefore be relevant in vivo at vascular sites that produce IL-8 or similar agonists in response to vascular injury or immune activation. These observations describe ways in which inflammation and immune responses cause vasoocclusive complications in sickle-cell disease.
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PMID:Phorbol ester stimulation increases sickle erythrocyte adherence to endothelium: a novel pathway involving alpha 4 beta 1 integrin receptors on sickle reticulocytes and fibronectin. 894 72

Adherence of sickle erythrocytes to microvascular endothelium is posited to initiate or contribute to sickle cell vaso-occlusive pain episodes. Adherence and occlusion in vivo may depend on hemodynamics interacting with plasma, erythrocyte, and endothelial cell factors. Four receptor-mediated adherence pathways have been described to date: adherence mediated by high molecular weight von Willebrand factor multimers bridging glycoprotein lb-like and integrin receptors on sickle cells and similar receptors on endothelial cells; thrombospondin bridging CD36 on sickle reticulocytes and the alpha v beta 3 integrin on large-vessel endothelial cells or alpha v beta 3 and CD36 on microvascular endothelium; binding of sickle reticulocyte alpha 4 beta 1 receptors to vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expressed on endothelial cells stimulated by cytokine or double-stranded RNA viruses; and binding of sickle cells to endothelial cell-associated fibronectin via sickle reticulocyte alpha 4 beta 1 activated by phorbol ester or interleukin-8. The significance of these adherence pathways in sickle cell vaso-occlusion is discussed.
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PMID:Molecular basis of sickle cell-endothelial cell interactions. 937 61

This study compared the effect of standard topical antibiotic management versus a biological skin substitute wound closure for mid-partial thickness burns of the face. Adult patients with mid-dermal facial burns produced by flash flames or flame exposure were studied using a randomized prospective study design. Total daily burn care time, pain (0-10 scale) and healing time were monitored. Immediately after partial thickness debridement, the entire face burn, including ears, was closed with a bioengineered skin substitute coated with fibronectin (TransCyte) or treated by the open technique using bacitracin ointment applied 2-3 times daily. 21 patients were studied, with 10 patients in the skin substitute group. We found a significant decrease in wound care time 0.35 +/- 0.1 versus 1.9 +/- 0.5 h, decrease in pain of 2 +/- 1 versus 4 +/- 2 and re-epithelialization time 7 +/- 2 versus 13 +/- 4 days in the skin substitute group compared to topical antibiotics. We can conclude that a bioengineered skin substitute significantly improves the management and healing rate of partial thickness facial burns, compared to the standard open topical ointment technique.
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PMID:Management of partial thickness facial burns (comparison of topical antibiotics and bio-engineered skin substitutes). 1032 11

Nerve root irritation induced by factors produced by the intervertebral disc may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of sciatic pain production. In this study we used immunohistochemistry to investigate the presence of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-6-receptor (IL-6R) and fibronectin in lumbar disc bioptic specimens from 30 patients with disc herniation (protrusion type). Chondrocytes of herniated discs stained positive for TGF-beta1, IGF-1, IL-6 and fibronectin. We demonstrated for the first time the presence of IL-6-R in the chondrocytes of herniated tissue. Specimens from autoptic healthy tissue were used as controls. In these sections no immunoreaction for TGF-beta1, IL-6, or IL-6R was found, while they expressed IGF-1 and fibronectin, but in lower quantities than herniated discs. These results demonstrated the production of factors such as TGF-beta1, IGF-1, IL-6, IL-6R and fibronectin at the site of lumbar disc herniation.
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PMID:Cytokines and growth factors in the protruded intervertebral disc of the lumbar spine. 1195 21

In this prospective study, we monitored two laboratory parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibronectin (FIN) levels, in 30 patients undergoing elective surgery for ischemic heart disease. These patients were divided into three groups according to the surgical procedure used: group A, approach through a median sternotomy with the use of extracorporeal circulation; group B, approach through a median sternotomy without the use of extracorporeal circulation; and group C, approach through a left anterior small thoracotomy (LAST) without the use of extracorporeal circulation. Peak CRP levels were found in all three groups on the second postoperative day, with the mean levels being statistically significantly higher in group C. This group also showed the highest mean CRP levels on the third and fourth postoperative days, with the difference being statistically nonsignificant. These findings can be explained by an enhanced production of cytokines, which in turn trigger CRP synthesis, induced by postoperative pain due to the LAST procedure. No statistically significant correlation between preoperative CRP levels and their postoperative development was found. None of the groups studied showed any statistically significant decrease in FIN plasma levels, either prior to adjustment for hemodilution or after adjustment for hematocrit and serum albumin.
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PMID:Development of C-reactive protein and fibronectin levels in coronary surgery patients: a comparison of on-pump, off-pump sternotomy and off-pump left anterior small thoracotomy groups. 1222 96

At present, the molecular evidence involved in the degeneration of the IVD is still in its primitive stage. In general, however, intrinsic, extrinsic, and generic factors all have shown a contribution to the initiation of degeneration. These factors may stimulate cytokines and directly or indirectly generate the cellular events thus far detected and observed. Such changes discussed have been the cellularity, matrix degradation, matrix quality, and synthesis of enzymes involved in the breakdown of the matrix, including fibronectin fragments of the degraded matrix which can contribute to further degradation. The involvement of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators in the generation of vascularization and stimulation of pain receptors are still controversial but may reveal the pathway to the symptomatic conditions of IVD degeneration.
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PMID:The molecular basis of intervertebral disk degeneration. 1291 60


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