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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A compact light source has been developed. It consists of a high-pressure mercury lamp, a shutter, and water-cooled filters for selected wavelength regions. A mixing device permits simultaneous irradiation from two lamps of different wavelengths. The spectral distribution of the light for seven filter combinations and the construction of a power meter are also described. The application of the lamps to clinical investigations is illustrated by determination of minimal erythemal and blister doses, as well as pigmentation, for various groups of patients. The light intensities available are high enough to make pain threshold measurements possible in the UV and visible regions.
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PMID:Development of high intensity narrow-band lamps and studies of the irradiation effect on human skin. Irradiation with high intensity lamps. 5 55

Twenty patients with bullous keratopathy (Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy) were treated systemically with the antifibrinolytic drug tranexamic acid. The effect was evaluated by slit-lamp biomicroscopy, measurement of central corneal thickness and determination of visual acuity. The patients subjective complaints were also registered. The duration of the treatment varied from 3 to 16 months. In most cases the treatment was given over several periods with intervening free intervals. In all cases the central corneal thickness decreased and slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed an improvement. The visual acuity improved and all patients became free of pain. A possible mechanism involving the complement system is discussed and preliminary studies on the composition of the aqueous humour in cases of bullous keratopathy are mentioned.
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PMID:Bullous keratopathy (Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy) treated systemically with 4-trans-amino-cyclohexano-carboxylic acid. 30 48

We studied the effect of acupuncture stimulation on pain tolerance in rabbits. Painful stimulation was provided by a tungsten lamp focused on the snout. Four acupuncture points were selected: preocular, retroauricular, in the forepaw between the median and ulnar nerves and in the ears. A control series without acupuncture stimulation was also studied. Electrical stimulation was applied bilaterally through the acupuncture needles. A statistical analysis of the reaction time to the noxious stimulus demonstrated that the responses of the acupunctured animals were not significantly different from those of the controls. On the basis of operational behavioral measurements we conclude that the acupuncture procedure--as we did it--did not produce significant changes of pain tolerance in rabbits.
Pain 1978 Feb
PMID:Has acupuncture an analgesic effect in the rabbit? 63 25

This study evaluated the effects of spinally administered excitatory amino acid antagonists on the thermal hyperesthetic state induced by unilateral partial ligation of the sciatic nerve in the rat. The measured response was the latency to paw withdrawal of each hind paw after application of a focused heat lamp on the plantar surface of the paw through a glass plate upon which the animal stood. In this work, antagonists (MK801, DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate, ketamine) of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA), the glycine potentiation site at the NMDA receptor (5-chloro-indole-2-carboxylic acid) and non-NMDA receptor (kynurenic acid: g-D-glutamylaminomethyl sulphonate) were injected through chronically implanted lumbar intrathecal catheters in normal rats (no lesions) and in rats with unilateral constriction injury. In the normal rat study, NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists had little effect upon paw withdrawal latency at intrathecal doses which did not produce readily detectable motor weakness. In the hyperesthetic rat study, NMDA antagonists would temporarily eliminate the hyperesthetic state at doses below those which altered the response latency of the normal paw or which altered motor function. These results suggested that spinal NMDA receptors play an important role in the hyperesthetic state induced by peripheral nerve injury.
Pain 1992 Apr
PMID:Spinal pharmacology of thermal hyperesthesia induced by constriction injury of sciatic nerve. Excitatory amino acid antagonists. 159 73

Topical and systemic steroids have proven to be invaluable agents in the treatment of a wide range of disorders, but their use is not without potential complications. Before initiation of therapy with systemic steroids, a personal or family history of cataracts, glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, renal stones, peptic ulceration, and current infection or pregnancy should be ascertained, because these patients have an increased risk of complications. Prior to long-term therapy with systemic steroids, blood pressure measurement, tuberculin skin test, and anergy panel are recommended. Monthly follow-up may include measurements of weight, blood pressure, electrolytes, and blood sugar and guaiac testing of the stool. To prevent the ocular complications of steroid therapy, routine screening is indicated (Table 1). Screening for cataracts, which occur most commonly as a sequela of continuous systemic steroid use, may be performed by slit-lamp examinations conducted three or four times a year for patients on long-term therapy and twice a year for patients taking intermittent topical ocular or systemic steroids. Glaucoma is more often associated with topical ocular or periocular steroids than with systemic steroids; recommended screening includes a baseline intraocular pressure measurement, then routine pressure measurements taken every few weeks initially, then every few months. Ocular rebound inflammation may develop secondary to rapid tapering or abrupt discontinuation of topical ocular steroid use and is best prevented with gradual tapering. Opportunistic infections of the eye include bacterial, viral, and fungal infections and are most often associated with the use of topical ocular steroids. Ophthalmologic evaluation is indicated promptly if patients treated with ocular steroids develop ocular discharge, pain, photophobia, or redness.
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PMID:Ocular effects of topical and systemic steroids. 161 9

In a double-masked, randomized fashion, 11 patients with hematologic malignancies received 13 courses of high-dose cytarabine therapy, intravenously (3 g/m2 every 12 hours for five to six days). Each patient received topical prednisolone phosphate 1% in one eye and 2-deoxycytidine 100 microM in the other eye every six hours. Topical therapy was initiated 12 hours before the first cytarabine dose and continued for up to ten days (until four to five days after completion of cytarabine therapy). Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was performed before therapy and then weekly for one month. 2-Deoxycytidine was equally as effective as the topical corticosteroid therapy in reducing photophobia and pain, microcysts, and punctate epithelial erosions, and each treatment gave results significantly better when compared historically to placebo-treated eyes.
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PMID:Comparison of the prophylactic effects of 2-deoxycytidine and prednisolone for high-dose intravenous cytarabine-induced keratitis. 331 26

We examined 50 patients to determine whether differences exist between the initial clinical signs and symptoms associated with infected vs sterile corneal infiltrates. A detailed history regarding contact lens use and ocular symptoms was taken, after which a careful slit-lamp examination was performed. The ocular findings were correlated with the results of corneal cultures. Increased pain (P less than .001), discharge (P less than .0001), epithelial staining (P less than .0001), and anterior chamber reaction (P less than .0001) were associated with infected ulcers. Sterile infiltrates were usually smaller; multiple or arcuate; and without significant pain, epithelial staining, or anterior chamber reaction.
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PMID:Infected vs sterile corneal infiltrates in contact lens wearers. 337 41

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ingestion of L-tryptophan or phenylalanine on burning pain threshold using a double blind, pretest-posttest control group design. Sixty healthy, female student volunteers were assigned randomly to L-tryptophan, phenylalanine, or placebo groups, (Groups 1-3, respectively). The pretest radiant heat tolerance was determined for all subjects. Burning pain tolerance was defined as the amount of time in seconds from the initial exposure of the left fifth distal phalanx to a 250-W infrared lamp until the subject's detection of an "intense burning sensation." The subjects in Groups 1 and 2 ingested four 500-mg tablets of phenylalanine or L-tryptophan a day for 14 days. The placebo group ingested four placebo tablets a day for 14 days. Immediately after the 14th day, the radiant heat pain tolerance of all subjects was remeasured. The results of a one-way analysis of covariance showed no significant difference in the posttest pain tolerance values of the three groups.
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PMID:Effect of L-tryptophan and phenylalanine on burning pain threshold. 380 44

A patient with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) underwent a trabeculectomy according to Watson's technique. Postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) ranged from 8 to 11 mm Hg. However, repeat slit lamp evaluation revealed the absence of bleb formation. Two months post-filtration surgery the patient developed the sudden onset of nausea, vomiting, supraorbital pain, and blurred vision. The IOP was 46 mm Hg and gonioscopy revealed a hyaline membrane covering a cyclodialysis cleft. A Nd:YAG laser was used to reopen the cleft, with normalization of IOP.
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PMID:Reopening cyclodialysis cleft with Nd:YAG laser following trabeculectomy. 654 22

Exposed monofilament suture ends caused a variety of symptoms and signs in 18 patients. These included foreign-body sensation, pain, contact lens intolerance, giant papillary conjunctivitis, tarsal ulceration, conjunctival granuloma, corneal infiltrate, and corneal vascularization. These changes followed cataract surgery, corneal transplantation, and pars plana vitrectomy. Diagnoses in these cases were made by careful slit-lamp examination and by eversion of the upper eyelid. In every case, removal of the sutures or trimming the suture ends resulted in the immediate relief of all symptoms with complete resolution of all signs within two months.
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PMID:Complications of exposed monofilament sutures. 683 95


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