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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Freshman dental and dental hygiene students, 120 men and 102 women (mean age 23.9 years), were assessed for the presence of masticatory pain or dysfunction by questionnaire, clinical examination, and evaluation of dental casts according to strict criteria. The purpose was to identify and analyze the level of signs and symptoms in a nonpatient population and describe occlusal variation. The prevalence of TMJ signs and symptoms was notable even though two thirds reported only mild or early symptoms, with only 3% reporting severe symptoms. This population was noted for the absence of locking, the low frequency of severe pain or severe TMJ dysfunction, and the low prevalence of restricted ranges of mandibular movement and TMJ crepitation. Women showed significantly more headache, TMJ clicking and tenderness, and muscle tenderness than men. Men were noted for the absence of severe and widespread muscle tenderness and severe TMJ tenderness. TMJ clicking was not always clinically confirmable in subjects with widespread muscle tenderness. This group was considered compatible with previous epidemiologic findings, and also matches the age range of most subjects seeking treatment for TMJ disorders. Therefore, the subjects in the study were considered a representative group of young adults and suitable for study of the possible associations between early signs of TMJ disorders and variables of morphologic malocclusion, which are discussed in Parts II and III of this article.
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PMID:Temporomandibular disorders. Part I: Functional status, dentomorphologic features, and sex differences in a nonpatient population. 320 18

Two distinct patterns of somatization were identified in 807 Swedish adopted men, using comprehensive lifetime psychiatric and sick-leave records. "Diversiform" somatizers had a high frequency of brief sickness occasions for a wide diversity of complaints, particularly pain in the head, joints, and abdomen. "Asthenic" somatizers had a lower frequency and diversity of complaints. They recuperate more slowly, however, and were more often disabled by fatigue, weakness, and minor illnesses such as upper respiratory infections. Both types of somatizers had associated psychosocial maladjustment, but they had discrete clinical patterns, with infrequent overlap. Diversiform somatizers had a higher risk of alcohol abuse, psychiatric hospitalization, and substandard income than either asthenic somatizers or non-somatizers. Asthenic somatizers had a higher risk of divorce than either diversiform somatizers or non-somatizers. Men with prominent somatization had an excess of psychiatric treatment for alcoholism or anxiety disorders, but, unlike female somatizers, no excess of criminality. These clinical differences suggest that the psychiatric processes associated with somatization may be qualitatively different in men and women. The method used here is generally applicable in genetic epidemiology to identify natural clinical subtypes within a heterogeneous phenotype.
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PMID:Symptom patterns and causes of somatization in men: I. Differentiation of two discrete disorders. 372 Nov 94

Ten men, members of the International Biomedical Expedition to the Antarctic (IBEA), regularly recorded their thermal comfort, clothing, and activity for 60 days while travelling by motor toboggan and living in tents on the Antarctic plateau. Air temperature averaged -14 degrees C (range +2 degrees to -29 degrees C) and wind speed 11 m s-1 (range 0 to 22 m s-1); on half the days there was wind-blown ("drift") snow. Almost 2,000 sets of observations, evenly distributed throughout the 12 h sampling period 0700 h to 1900 h, were made. Daily (24 h) energy expenditure averaged 14.6 MJ on travelling days, 12.7 MJ on days when men worked in camp, and 13.3 MJ for the whole traverse. Men were outdoors for 7.6 h of the 12 h sampling period on travel days and for 3.6 h on camp days. Bulky down-filled clothing, typical of that used by present-day polar expeditions, adequately protected the trunk from cold at the cost of overheating during exercise. Face, hands, and feet were less well protected, and they experienced cold-induced numbness and pain in 33%, 19%, and 12%, respectively, of the observations made in the coldest weather. Because men could not conveniently reduce clothing insulation to the extent required, sweating and discomfort from warmth increased with energy expenditure and were present in 60% of the observations made during heavy work. The results suggest that there is a need for improvements in clothing design which will permit a more complete adjustment to changes in activity. The residual cold stress might possibly have been enough to induce cold acclimatization, although the accompanying heat stress was probably insufficient to induce acclimatization to heat.
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PMID:Behavioural temperature regulation during a motor-toboggan traverse in Antarctica. 376 8

Although the prevalence of chronic bronchitis has been measured in several populations, its impact on quality of life has not been assessed. We report the prevalence and impact of chronic bronchitis (defined as having phlegm on most days for at least 3 months during the previous year) among 4,708 adults ages 20 to 69 representative of the nonaged U.S. population. Men reported chronic bronchitis more frequently than women (12 vs 8%); smokers, regardless of age and sex, reported chronic bronchitis more frequently than former or never smokers. Among both men and women 35 years of age or older, current smokers--as opposed to ex- or never smokers--with chronic bronchitis had the poorest forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1). The most commonly reported impact of chronic bronchitis was worry, followed by pain and restricted activity days, regardless of age, sex, or smoking habits. Of those current and ex-smokers who had seen a physician about their chronic bronchitis, 65% of men and 44% of women had decreased or stopped smoking. Among those current and ex-smokers with chronic bronchitis who did not consult a physician, the proportion of those who had decreased or stopped smoking was 29% for men and 37% for women. Finally, only 43% of male current smokers and 55% of female current smokers who had chronic bronchitis reported that a physician had advised them to decrease or stop smoking.
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PMID:Chronic bronchitis: prevalence, smoking habits, impact, and antismoking advice. 379 94

There are 2 legitimate purposes for vasectomy: its prophylatic use before prostatectomy to prevent infection of the epididymus, and as a sterilization operation for men desiring to permanently end their capacity to father children. No pressure should be exerted on any man to undergo the procedure. This article traces the historical use of vasectomy for eugenic and other social reasons, besides birth control. Men should not be told: 1) that it is the best present they can give to their wives, 2) that it is reversible, 3) that men experience greater libido or feelings of better general health, 4) that it was ever used for rejuvenation, 5) that it is a way to contribute to the solution of the world's problems. Men should be told that vasectomy is a very effective method of permanent contraception with few medical complications and comparatively little pain. The free, unprompted, informed decision of a man to terminate his own fertility is the only legitimate reason for vasectomy.
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PMID:Vasectomania. 461 4

Seventy patients with chronic low-back pain not due to malignancy returned a questionnaire assessing functional status 5 years following treatment with epidural or subarachnoid nerve blocks. One hundred fifty-one patients had been surveyed 3 years earlier in an initial follow-up. The respondents to the present survey were older and more able to bend and took more medication for pain than non-respondents. The results revealed a tendency for gender-associated differences in improvement noted in the initial survey to be maintained, with women showing greater absolute improvement than men, particularly in vocational abilities. Men were somewhat more improved as a group on the current follow-up than on the initial follow-up. The use of medication for pain remained generally unchanged over time, but the number of respondents reporting the need for additional surgical treatments declined. The results were seen as indicating the need for using multiple, functional criteria in assessing response to treatment, including both global pain ratings and functional-behavioral measures of improvement.
Pain 1982 Mar
PMID:Stability of self-report measures of improvement in chronic pain: a five-year follow-up. 621 Aug 74

157 males and females divided into four psychodiagnostic groups have been examined according to a specially defined physiotherapeutic (ad modum Sundsvold). In this paper, results from the evaluation of passive and active movements in five body significant differences concerning inhibited movements between the four groups were found, the psychotic group being most inhibited followed by the ego-week neurotic group, the substance-abusing group and the healthy control group. With regard to the slack movements, significant differences were found in the two extremity regions. The substance-abusing group had the most slack movements, next came the ego-weak neurotic group, the psychotic group and lastly the control group. Men were more inhibited than women in three regions, mostly in the lumbosacral region. This finding is discussed in relationship to the high frequency of lumbar disc herniation in men. Women were more significantly inhibited in the temporomandibular region, a finding which may explain why mostly women are suffering from the myofacial pain syndrome.
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PMID:Movements, lumbar and temporomandibular pain and psychopathology. 645 93

Until now, reports have been given on 249 spontaneous spinal epidural haematomas. Two own cases are included in the submitted analysis. In approximately 78 per cent, the disease begins with pain and radicular disturbances according to the lactation of the haematoma, in 18 per cent with a primary to the location of the haematoma, in 18 per cent with a primary transverse syndrome. The incidence peak is seen around the 60th year of liefe. Men are taken ill more frequently than women, the ratio being 5:3. At the age of 10 to 50 years, the ratio is 3:1. In one third of the patients, no cause of the disease can be detected. One quarter of the patients were given anticoagulants. The prognosis depends on the interval between the first symptoms and the transverse lesion of the cord with paraplegia as well as the time of the operation. For the myelon region (C 1-L 1), the remission rate obtained by an operation within 24 hours after formation of the transverse syndrome is bad in about 34 per cent, for the caudal region (L 2-S 1) it is better in approximately 57 per cent. It the operation is carried out within eight hours, the remission rate is about 84 per cent. In most cases, the disease is diagnosed with a delay and the patients are referred for a surgical treatment too late.
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PMID:[Spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas]. 648 41

Men with substantial coronary heart disease determined angiographically and with reproducible myocardial ischemia were studied. During exercise electrocardiography, 22 patients exhibited significant ST segment depression with concomitant angina pectoris (that is, symptomatic myocardial ischemia) and 20 patients demonstrated significant ST segment depression without any symptoms (that is, asymptomatic myocardial ischemia). No significant differences were found between the patient groups in functional variables, coronary angiographic data or coronary risk factors. In contrast, various experimental pain measures (for example, electrical pain threshold, according to Notermans' method, cold pressor test and tourniquet pain test) yielded significant differences between groups. Results indicate that patients with asymptomatic myocardial ischemia demonstrated significantly higher electrical pain thresholds and ischemic pain thresholds, as well as more tolerance to cold and ischemia, so that individual differences in sensibility to pain may partly explain lack of pain in patients with asymptomatic myocardial ischemia.
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PMID:Experimental pain measurement in patients with asymptomatic myocardial ischemia. 682 84

Primary cancer of the liver is rare in western countries. Men of a mean age of 60 tend to be more subject to it than women. In Africa, however, younger people of a mean age of 36 and more women become subject to it. 13.5% of malignant tumours of the liver are found in African women with a mean age of 34 years. Thus, the association of liver cancer with pregnancy is rare. The case which has been studied concerns a woman of 34 years of age, a para. 2 in her 4th pregnancy. There were no known pathogenic factors such as the taking of androgens or of oral contraceptives. The main symptoms were pain in the right side and in the centre of the abdomen. A tumour increasing in size was found. The alpha fetoprotein ratio was high and increased as pregnancy progressed. Ultrasound and scintography were positive. Liver cytology testing failed. The patient died soon because the disease progressed rapidly after a stillborn baby had been born prematurely and laparatomy had been undertaken. Laparatomy is the last possible method of diagnosis and treatment. Pregnancy seems to accelerate the development of liver tumours and makes them a very high risk. Since chemotherapy has not yet been demonstrated to be effective, only surgery can be considered as a possible therapy. The association of primary cancer of the liver with pregnancy is rare and of poor prognosis.
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PMID:[Cancer of the liver in pregnancy. Reflections apropos of a case]. 686 66


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