Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of gastric neuroendocrine (NE) carcinoma associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A (CAG/A) or reversed atrophic type gastritis. A 9 x 6 cm tumor was resected from the stomach to control pain in a 55-year-old Japanese woman with peritoneal dissemination and metastatic tumors of the liver and ovary. Histologically, the tumor was NE carcinoma which showed an organoid structure, but consisted of NE cells with overt cytological atypia and frequent mitotic activity. Multiple microcarcinoids and NE cell micronests (NECMs) were also observed in the atrophic non-neoplastic mucosa of the gastric body. CEA immunoreactivity and a high Ki-67 labeling index were characteristic features of the neoplastic NE cells of the carcinoma. Although most NE tumors arising from CAG/A are typical carcinoid tumors, the present case illustrates that a high-grade NE carcinoma can develop from diverse NE cell proliferation in association with CAG/A.
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PMID:Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with chronic atrophic gastritis type A. 934 90

Iontophoresis is a process that uses electrical current to increase the flux of ionized substances through tissue. Iontophoresis has been used in rehabilitation to decrease inflammation and pain using dexamethasone and lidocaine. In 1993, Chang et al. reported visual improvements in the lesions of nine patients diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) following iontophoresis of cisplatin. The present case report describes the successful treatment of a 67-year-old male with a histologically confirmed BCC on his upper anterolateral left leg. The treatment consisted of four cycles of five successive days of cisplatin iontophoresis, with a 2-week rest period between cycles. The cisplatin solution (5 mL at 1 mg/mL) was used in combination with epinephrine hydrochloride. The effectiveness of the treatment was confirmed by post-treatment biopsies, which revealed granulation tissue scarring without evidence of BCC. Measurements of cellular proliferation were monitored immunohistochemically with Ki-67 and cell cycle distribution analyzed by flow cytometry.
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PMID:Iontophoresis treatment of basal cell carcinoma with cisplatin: a case report. 1119 75

Radiofrequency (RF) lesions adjacent to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) are increasingly used in the treatment of intractable chronic pain of spinal origin. Opinions differ on which nerve fibres are affected by these lesions. Morphological studies have been carried out to assess the effects of radiofrequency lesions on nervous tissue. Interpretation has been difficult, since most studies have been performed under circumstances which are not comparable to the clinical situation. This study was undertaken to investigate morphological effects of RF lesions as they develop in the normal clinical situation. In two goats 22 G 100 mm SMK electrodes with a 5 mm active tip (Radionics) were positioned posterior to the lumber dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Sixty-second 67;C lesions were made on one side. The contralateral side was used as sham operation. The goats were sacrificed 2 weeks after the procedure. The lesions were studied for size as well as for effects on proliferation and regeneration using Ki-67 (MIB-1). Lesions made inside the DRG (23) were 1.8-2.0 mm in size. In these lesions there was a total loss of myelinated fibres. In lesions made adjacent to the DRG there was a significantly higher MIB-1 labelling on the treated side as compared to the sham-treated side. An RF lesion inside the DRG destroys myelinated fibres. A lesion adjacent to the DRG increases MIB-1 activity, indicating proliferation and regeneration after 2 weeks, despite the fact that the lesion was made outside the ganglion.
Eur J Pain 2001
PMID:The morphological effects of a radio frequency lesion adjacent to the dorsal root ganglion (RF-DRG)--an experimental study in the goat. 1146 82

Human inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is the most malignant type of breast cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. The dog is the unique animal species in which spontaneous inflammatory mammary carcinoma (IC) has been reported, although it is not well documented. The purpose of this study was to characterize histopathologically and immunohistochemically the canine IC, considering associated clinical features. Twenty-one dogs diagnosed with IC and with known clinical and necropsy data were included in the study. Tissue samples from necropsies underwent a histopathological review and an immunohistochemical study (Ki-67, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and P53 tumor suppressor protein). The histological study revealed several types of carcinomas (solid, tubular, papillary, and adenosquamous) and three lipid-rich carcinomas. All tumors were ER negative. Two histological patterns of neoplastic dermal infiltration were observed: tubular/papillary and sarcomatous-like. Dermal sarcomatous-like infiltration was significantly related to previous treatments with progestagens (p = 0.006), primary type of IC (p = 0.03), extreme local pain (p = 0.02), reduced observation of emboli in dermal lymphatic vessels (p = 0.01), and increased expression of p53 (p = 0.001). PR expression was significantly higher in secondary post-surgical IC (p = 0.04). The absence of PR was related to the existence of pulmonary metastases at necropsy (p = 0.04). Canine primary IC is the most aggressive form of this disease with distinct histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Progestins and endocrine-related mechanisms seem to be involved in canine IC development. Canine IC could serve as a spontaneous model for human IBC, particularly in studies concerned with new therapeutics approaches.
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PMID:Canine inflammatory mammary carcinoma: histopathology, immunohistochemistry and clinical implications of 21 cases. 1272 14

An 83-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of colicky pain under the right costal arch suggesting cholecystitis. Physical examination confirmed by ultrasound scan indicated a palpable tumor in that location. Laparotomy was performed and the tumor was removed. Histopathological examination revealed malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) originating in neurofibroma of the mesentery. Macroscopic, histological and cytological features were typical for MPNST. High nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromasia were observed but on average only two mitotic figures per high power field were seen. The growth fraction determined by Ki-67 immunoreactivity was about 30%. Immunohistochemical stains revealed positivity of individual cells for NK-1(CD57), S-100 protein and NSE. It was lack of positivity for cytokeratin, EMA, vimentin, desmin, SMA, CD34. We report a well documented case of MPNST originating in preexisting neurofibroma of the mesentery. To our knowledge, is the first case in the Polish literature.
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PMID:Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor originating in neurofibroma of the mesentery. Case report. 1633 83

The clinical behavior of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws is variable and difficult to predict. Clinical data and follow-up information of 26 patients with CGCG were analyzed. Histologic features were correlated with the clinical course of the disease. In 16 patients the CGCGs were asymptomatic; 10 lesions presented with aggressive growth, pain, massive swelling, root resorption, cortical perforation, and/or recurrence. These patients were younger and the lesions were larger than in the nonaggressive group. The histomorphometric analysis proved a significant increase in large giant cells, fractional surface area, and mitotic activity in aggressive CGCG lesions. Immunohistologic investigation (Ki-67 and p53 stain) revealed no significant differences. After surgical treatment, 3 patients with aggressive lesions developed a recurrence. The data show that clinical and histomorphometric features may be reliable indicators for the differentiation between aggressive and nonaggressive CGCG. This should be accounted for to improve the individual planning of the treatment and follow-up.
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PMID:Central giant cell granuloma of the jaws: a clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic study of 26 cases. 1650 69

Low-grade central osteosarcoma is a rare type of osteosarcoma with peculiar clinical radiographic and microscopic features. The aim of this article is to report and discuss a case of low-grade central osteosarcoma in the mandible of a 42-year-old woman. The patient reported sensing mild pain and tooth mobility for a period of 4 years, despite continuous dental treatment. Radiographic evaluation showed a mixed radiopaque/radiolucenct lesion in the body, ramus, coronoid process, and condyle of the left side of the mandible. Destruction of the mandibular cortex in the area was also observed. After incisional biopsy, the patient underwent hemimandibulectomy. Microscopic findings showed a tumor exhibiting spindle cells with nuclear hyperchromasia and no mitotic activity, irregular osteoid formation, and soft tissue infiltration. The immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of Ki-67, Cyclin B1, and PCNA proteins (cellular proliferation markers) revealed a very low Ki-67+ and Cyclin B1+ cell index (mean 7% and 3%, respectively), but a moderate number of PCNA+ cells (mean 49%). The 2 years of clinical and imaging postoperative follow-up showed no evidence of recurrence. Clinicians should be aware of these lesions, because histopathologicially low-grade central osteosarcoma may be misinterpreted as fibrous dysplasia.
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PMID:Low-grade central osteosarcoma of the mandible: a case study report. 1723 43

Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a rare sarcoma of low-grade malignancy. There has been no report to describe the comparison of histological features of SEF between primary and metastatic lesions in spite of high local recurrence rate. We report the histological changes and increasing Ki-67 labeling index of the primary and metastatic lesions of SEF. The patient was a 31-year-old man. At 18, a tumor in the abdominal wall was excised. At 23, the tumor recurred which was removed again. At 30, he was referred to our hospital because of swelling and pain in the chest. Histological examination of the chest wall tumor showed epithelioid cells arranged like alveolar pattern with dense collagen stroma. These findings were consistent with those of SEF. Abdominal and the rib tumors showed the same immunohistochemistrical expression. It is noteworthy that the tumor cells of the rib lesion showed increased cellularity, and its Ki-67 activity was higher as compared with the abdominal tumor, suggestive of progression of malignancy of SEF.
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PMID:Multiple bone metastasis of sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma 12 years after initial surgery-increasing ki-67 labeling index. 1934 82

This article reports a rare case of a temporomandibular joint (TMJ) chondrosarcoma in a child. Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilaginous neoplasm that resembles synovial chondromatosis. In the head and neck region, chondrosarcoma is uncommon, corresponding to 6.4% to 12% of all reported cases. The majority of patients with chondrosarcoma are in the third to fourth decades of life. A Pubmed search showed that 20 TMJ chondrosarcoma cases had been reported up to 2008. The present case was of an 11-year-old girl referred to an Oral Disease Center and presenting with a preauricular swelling on the right side and normal ENT evaluation. The patient was healthy. Discrete pain and mild limitation of mouth opening were observed. A panoramic radiograph as well as computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an osteolytic lesion in the right TMJ. The skull base and adjacent spaces were preserved but adjacent anatomic structures were displaced. After an incisional biopsy, the patient underwent high condylectomy. Microscopic findings showed a tumor exhibiting cartilaginous tissue proliferation with cellular pleomorphism, nuclear hyperchromasia, and mixoid changes in the matrix. The immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of Ki-67 and Cyclin B1 proteins (cellular proliferation markers) revealed a very low proliferative cell index. The 3.5 years of clinical and imaging follow-up have shown no evidence of recurrence or metastasis, but signs of myofascial disorders could be observed. It is concluded that cartilaginous lesions in the jaws must be regarded with suspicion, since benign and malignant lesions may show similar clinical features. This case emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to minimize the possibility of misdiagnosis.
J Orofac Pain 2009
PMID:Chondrosarcoma of the temporomandibular joint: a case report in a child. 1963 7

Clinical and experimental effects of neoadjuvant treatment of endometrial cancer patients with non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors: letrozole (femara, n=10, 2.5 mg/day, 14 days), anastrozole (arimidex, n=15,1 mg/day, 28 days) and exemestane (aromazine, n=13, 25 mg/day, 14 days) were compared. Administration of anastrozole was mostly frequently followed by pain relief in the lower abdomen and/or decreased rates of uterine discharge. Endometrial wall thickness (M-echo signal) decreased significantly in 60% of patients receiving anastrozole, exemestane - 58.3% and letrozole - 40%. Substantial drop in intratumoral aromatase and blood estradiol levels occurred more frequently after anastrozole and letrozole while progesterone receptor levels in tumor were markedly lower after exemestane administration. Assay of blood LH (except letrozole), FSH and cholesterol appeared to be of less relevance. On the contrary, significance of assessment of marker Ki-67 expression, which, in the case of anastrozole, dropped in 6 out of 12 patients after a 28-day course, could hardly be underestimated.
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PMID:[Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of aromatase inhibitors in the neoadjuvant treatment of patients with endometrial carcinoma]. 1967 Jul 31


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