Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 64-year-old male developed pain and marked swelling of his left calf muscle in September, 1989. Deep-vein thrombophlebitis was suspected, and therapy with warfarin sodium followed by urokinase was instituted. Because of unsatisfactory effect of the therapy, the patient was referred to another hospital on January 3rd 1990. A CT scan of the left leg showed a soft-tissue mass adjacent to the fibula. A biopsy of the mass revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse medium-sized cell type. Immunohistologic examination confirmed B cell type. He was admitted to our hospital on January 31st 1990. A chest roentgenogram showed right pleural effusion. A CT scan of the abdomen revealed a space-occupying lesion in the liver. A Gallium scintigraphy showed markedly increased isotope uptake in the left calf and liver. He was classed as a Stage IV B. He responded well to combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, THP-adriamycin, VP-16, and prednisolone and achieved a complete remission. Although prominent infiltration of lymphoma cells in skeletal muscles is rarely reported, it is important to perform the biopsy promptly when the mass is found in a muscle. In this case report, we describe a rare case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with muscle invasion presented as marked calf muscle swelling.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with marked infiltration in calf muscle]. 202 Jan 18

Cortical potentials evoked by stimulation of the contralateral tooth-pulp were recorded epidurally from the SI cortex of rabbits anesthetized with urethane and chloralose. It was found that nociceptive components of the evoked potential consisted of P1 and P2 wavelets with a relative stable peak latency of 22.5 +/- 1.2 ms and 66.1 +/- 1.9 ms respectively. Higher intensity of tooth pulp stimulation was required for appearance of P2 than P1. Diazepam, a non-analgesic sedative, reduced P1 but not P2 amplitude. On the contrary, dolantin, an analgesic, suppressed P2 but showed no significant influence on P1. The results suggest that P2, but not P1 might be related to pain. The effects of l-tetrahydropalmatine (1-THP) and electroacupuncture on P2 were observed on 12 animals. The results showed that both iv l-THP 8mg/kg and electroacupuncture brought forth a decrease in P2 amplitude by 40.3 +/- 14% and 59.3 +/- 10% respectively, while electroacupuncture combined with l-THP produce a further decrease in P2 amplitude by 92.8 +/- 7%. Furthermore, the inhibitory periods of P2 amplitude were significantly prolonged after electroacupuncture combined with l-THP. The results indicated that l-THP enhanced the suppression of P2 by electroacupuncture.
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PMID:[Potentiating effect of L-tetrahydropalmatine on the suppression of cortical tooth-pulp evoked potentials by electroacupuncture in rabbits]. 226 61

l-Tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP), tetrahydroberberine (THB) and l-stepholidine (l-SPD) are the homologues of tetrahydroproto berberines and have a common antagonistic effect to central dopamine receptors. In the present experiment, the potassium iontophoretic dolorimetry was used to determine the pain threshold of rabbits. Unilateral "Hegu" point (the dorsum of the front paw, between 1st and 2nd metacarpals) and "Waiguan" point (the dorsum of the foreleg, between radius and ulna, 2 cm above the wrist joint) of each rabbit were electrically needled. The effects of iv l-THP 8 mg/kg, THB 16 mg/kg or l-SPD 4 mg/kg on electroacupuncture analgesia were investigated. The experimental results indicated that these 3 agents enhanced the potency of electroacupuncture analgesia and prolonged the duration as well. This investigation gives the evidence that the drug possessing antagonistic effect to central dopamine receptors could be used as a synergist of acupuncture analgesia.
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PMID:[Potentiation of electroacupuncture analgesia by l-tetrahydropalmatine and its analogues in rabbits]. 227 83

Eight-MHz radiofrequency hyperthermia (H) using Thermotron-RF8, and its combination with irradiation (RH), anticancer drugs (CH) or anticancer drugs plus irradiation (CRH), were carried out for a total of 93 urological malignancies: 19 cases of renal cancer, 3 of renal pelvic cancer, 4 of ureteral cancer 39 of bladder cancer, 8 of prostatic cancer, 14 of metastatic lesion of urological cancers and 6 of other urological cancers. All had failed in previous treatments, or had not undergone surgery because of their poor general condition. Nine cases, including 1 of renal cancer, 1 of ureteral cancer, 4 of bladder cancer, 2 of prostatic cancer and 1 of metastatic lesion of bladder cancer, were treated with (H). Fifty cases, including 4 renal cancer cases, 20 bladder cancer cases and 6 prostatic cancer cases, were treated with (RH). Eight of the 19 cases of renal cancer were treated with mitomycin C-microcapsule (MMC-mc) embolization prior to radiohyperthermia (CRH). The remaining 6 cases of renal cancer received embolization with MMC-mc followed by RE-heating (CH). Eighteen of the 48 cases of urothelial cancer or its metastasis, including 1 of renal pelvic cancer, 15 of bladder a cancer and 2 of metastatic lesion of bladder, received a combined treatment of intravenous THP-adriamycin, one of the derivatives of adriamycin and RE-heating (CH). In the remaining 2 cases, one received (CH), and the other received (CRH). Hyperthermia was given twice a week for a total of 10 sessions in 5 weeks. Intratumoral temperature was kept above 42.5 degrees C for 30 to 40 minutes during a one-hour heating. Complete tumor regression was obtained in 9 bladder cancer cases. Partial tumor regression, defined as a regression of 50% or more, was obtained in 17 cases. A pain relief was attained in 18 of 23 patients with intractable pain due to local tumor infiltration. As side effects, mild skin burns were observed in 21 cases. Ten obese cases, having subcutaneous tissue 15mm thick or more, developed fat tissue induration after treatment.
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PMID:[Eight-MHZ RF hyperthermia in urological malignancies]. 338 6

A 35-year-old woman was admitted with complaints of severe posterior femoral pain and was diagnosed as having sacral neuroblastoma by tumor open biopsy. After admission, combination chemotherapy consisting of CDDP, etoposide, CPA, and THP was started intra-arterially and intravenously. After 2 courses of chemotherapy, her symptoms markedly improved and the tumor size was reduced. Now, after completion of 16 courses of chemotherapy, she is in a state of partial remission. Hereafter, we intend to reconsider the treatment strategy including surgical therapy.
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PMID:[A case of sacral neuroblastoma in an adult successfully treated with combination chemotherapy]. 761 65

To investigate whether progesterone metabolites' antinociceptive effects correlate with their previously established binding efficacies at the GABA receptor complex (GBR), seven progestin metabolites were administered to ovariectomized Long-Evans rats s.c. (Expt. 1), via i.c.v. implantation (Expt. 2) and then i.c.v. infusion (Expt. 3). Progestins, listed from most to least efficacious at the GBR, were THP [5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one], THDOC [5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha,21-diol-20-one], P [4-pregnen-3,20-dione], DHP [5 alpha-pregnan-3,20-dione],17-OH-P [17-hydroxyprogesterone], DHEAS [5-androsten-3 beta-ol-17-one sulfate] and PS [5-pregnen-3 beta-ol-20-one sulfate]. Pain sensitivity was measured via the radiant heat tailflick method 0, 5, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 min after weekly progestin administration. Peripheral administration of 0.0, 0.1, 0.4, 1.6, 3.2 or 6.4 mg/kg of potent to moderate agonists of the GBR (THP, THDOC, P and DHP) tended to elevate tailflick latencies above baseline, whereas administration of the non-5 alpha-reduced metabolite (17-OH-P) and GBR antagonists (DHEAS and PS) did not. Intracerebroventricular implantation and infusion (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 micrograms/rat) of THP, THDOC, P and DHP all significantly increased tailflick latencies above baseline and vehicle control, consistent with their GBR efficacies. Central 17-OH-P, DHEAS and PS did not elevate tailflick latencies. These rapid differences were unlikely confounded by stress given that corticosterone levels were not elevated (Expt. 4). As pain sensitivity was attenuated rapidly (0-5 min post-i.c.v.) and consistent with GBR efficacies, this suggests that progestins' modulation of pain may occur via GBR action.
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PMID:Progesterone metabolites, effective at the GABAA receptor complex, attenuate pain sensitivity in rats. 803 14

Progesterone (P), its metabolites, and other neuroactive steroids alter pain thresholds consistent with their efficacies at modulating gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor complexes. We investigated whether estradiol benzoate (EB) potentiates low dosages of neuroactive steroids' effects on pain. Subcutaneous EB (10 micrograms) or sesame oil vehicle was administered to ovariectomized Long-Evans rats (n = 40) 48 h before intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of a neuroactive steroid (0.0, 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 micrograms) in cyclodextrin vehicle. Neuroactive steroids (listed from greatest to least efficacious at GABAA receptor complexes) were THP [5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha-ol-20-one], THDOC [5 alpha-pregnan-3 alpha, 21-diol-20-one], DHP [5 alpha-pregnan-3,20-dione], P [4-pregnen-3,20-dione], and DHEAS [5-androsten-3 beta-ol-17-one sulfate]. Pain sensitivity was assessed using the radiant heat tail-flick method before and 20 and 60 min following infusion. Estradiol benzoate interacted with the neuroactive steroids to alter tail-flick latencies. In particular, EB potentiated the antinociceptive effect of THP and DHP by significantly increasing tail-flick latencies above those of non-EB-treated animals. A similar pattern of increased tail-flick latencies occurred in EB-primed animals that received THDOC. Estradiol benzoate less consistently altered the pain threshold of animals administered P, which is less effective at modulating GABAergic activity. Conversely, EB increased the nociceptive effect of the neurosteroid DHEAS, an allosteric antagonist of GABAA receptor complexes, by significantly decreasing tail-flick latencies of EB-compared to vehicle-primed rats. Thus, EB priming potentiated neuroactive steroids' effects on pain threshold.
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PMID:Estradiol benzoate potentiates neuroactive steroids' effects on pain sensitivity. 884 56

We report a case of pleural malignant lymphoma associated with chronic tuberculous pyothorax. A 67-year-old male was hospitalized because of left lateral chest swelling and pain. He had suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of six and tuberculous pleurisy at the age of 24. We made a histologic diagnosis of malignant lymphoma diffuse large B-cell type. He was medicated THP-COP (THP, CY, VCR, PSL) therapy and his chest pain and swelling has improved gradually. From the view point of molecular biology, we detected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in the pyothorax wall. In conclusion, we should be more careful about medical examination in patients with EBV positive tuberculous pyothorax considering the complication of malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:[A case of pleural malignant lymphoma associated with chronic tuberculous pyothorax]. 1203 43

We herein present a rare case of three fistulas caused by a recurrence of T-cell lymphoma of the ileum. A 67-year-old man presented at a local hospital with left lower abdominal pain in May 1997. Upper and lower gastrointestinal examinations did not reveal any abnormal findings, but an abdominal aortic aneurysm was diagnosed by computed tomography, and thus was determined to be the source of the pain. The patient was referred to our hospital to undergo a grafting operation; however, a laparotomy performed in July 1997 revealed an unexpected small intestinal tumor, and therefore a partial ileectomy between 15 and 70cm in an oral direction from the terminal ileum was carried out instead. Histopathological and genetic examinations demonstrated diffuse small malignant lymphocytic T-cell lymphomas of the ileum invading all layers. Metastasis of the facial skin and local recurrence were recognized 5 months later, and chemotherapy with THP-COP and ESHAP only resulted in progressive disease. An ileac fistula was found to have formed between the intestine and abdominal wall in March 1998, and the patient died in May 1998. An autopsy revealed three fistulas caused by metastatic tumors, one of which communicated with the duodenum from the ileum, one with the skin from the ileum, and one to the transverse colon from the ileum.
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PMID:T-cell malignant lymphoma of the ileum causing ileac fistulas: report of a case. 1210 82

The spinal cord (SC) is a biosynthetic center for neurosteroids, including pregnenolone (PREG), progesterone (PROG), and 3alpha/5alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone (3alpha/5alpha-THP). In particular, an active form of cytochrome P450 sidechain cleavage (P450scc) has been localized in sensory networks of the rat SC dorsal horn (DH). P450scc is the key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of cholesterol (CHOL) into PREG, the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of all classes of steroids. To determine whether neurosteroidogenesis might be involved in the pivotal role played by the DH in nociception, effects of neurogenic pain provoked by sciatic nerve ligature were investigated on P450scc expression, cellular distribution, and activity in the SC. P450scc mRNA concentration was threefold higher in the DH of neuropathic rats than in controls. The nerve ligature also increased the density of P450sccpositive neuronal perykarya and fibers in the ipsilateral DH. Incubation of spinal tissue homogenates with [3H]CHOL revealed that the amount of newly synthesized [3H]PREG from [3H]CHOLwas 80% higher in the DH of neuropathic rats. Radioimmunoassays showed an increase of PREG and 3alpha/5alpha-THP concentrations in neuropathic rat DH. The upregulation of PREG and 3alpha/5alpha-THP biosynthesis might be involved in endogenous mechanisms triggered by neuropathic rats to cope with the chronic pain state. 3alpha/5alpha-THP formation from PREG can also generate PROG, which decreases sensitivity to pain and protects nerve cells against degeneration. Because apoptotic cell death has been demonstrated in the DH during neuropathic pain, activation of neurosteroidogenesis in spinal tissues might also be correlated to the neuroprotective role of steroids in the SC.
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PMID:Neurogenic pain and steroid synthesis in the spinal cord. 1663 73


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