Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Most drugs are ineffective for the long-term treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The beneficial effects of medical treatment of IBS are poor and last for only a relative short time. Over a period of 6 months, we investigated the effectiveness of cimetropium bromide, a new antimuscarinic compound, in patients with IBS. Forty-eight patients were treated at random and in double-blind fashion with cimetropium bromide (50 mg, tid) or placebo for 6 months. Personal diary cards and monthly check-ups guaranteed the monitoring of symptoms (mainly pain). In addition, personality patterns (MHQ-CBA tests) were obtained for the patients before and after therapy, both to detect possible psychoneurotic traits and to observe the changes in these traits in relation to the changes in pain symptoms. Three patients on placebo and one on cimetropium dropped out. At the end of therapy, pain scores had decreased an average of 16% in the placebo group and 87% in the cimetropium group (p less than 0.01). Twenty patients (87%) on cimetropium versus five patients (24%) on placebo considered themselves to be globally improved (p less than 0.01). The MHQ test showed significant improvement in the anxiety score in the cimetropium group only. The CBA test confirmed a significant decrease in anxiety state (STAI-X-1) after cimetropium treatment. Eleven patients (48%) on cimetropium reported side effects (mainly dry mouth and sleepiness), but none withdrew from the study. The results of this trial indicate that long-term treatment of IBS with cimetropium bromide significantly improves symptoms and associated psychological disorders.
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PMID:Oral cimetropium bromide, a new antimuscarinic drug, for long-term treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. 305 43

Pain owing to acute ureteral obstruction seems to be related closely to tension in the walls of the renal pelvis. Renal prostaglandins are involved intimately in the events leading to the pain. A prostaglandin-synthetase inhibitor, diclofenac sodium, was used in the treatment of acute ureteral pain, and was compared to the traditional treatment of a combination of spasmolytic and narcotic drugs. Also, the need for overhydration as part of the management was tested. The 91 patients entered into the prospective randomized trial were divided into groups. Diclofenac sodium had a 90 per cent success rate in relieving pain at 30 minutes, and the combination of pethidine and hyoscine butyl bromide had a statistically higher success rate at 97.5 per cent (p equals 0.05). However, the latter therapy had a higher rate of side effects (p equals 0.01). There was no difference in the response between the groups in relation to whether they received intravenous fluids.
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PMID:Treatment of pain owing to acute ureteral obstruction with prostaglandin-synthetase inhibitor: a prospective randomized study. 309 Feb 74

Cimetropium bromide is an antimuscarinic compound with antispasmodic properties. Its effect on meal-stimulated sigmoid motor activity in 30 patients with the irritable bowel syndrome, mainly with pain and constipation, has been evaluated. The mechanical activity of the sigmoid colon was recorded with a probe with three open-tipped tubes ending 45, 30, and 15 cm from the anal margin. After a recording period of 60 min, 5 mg cimetropium bromide or saline was given i.v., according to a randomized, double-blind design 5 min before a 1000 calorie meal, and motility was then recorded for 2 h. The meal caused a significant increase in motor activity for 90 min in the saline-treated group. Cimetropium bromide abolished the peak of motor activity 10-20 min after the meal and significantly inhibited postprandial colonic motility for at least 2 h (p less than 0.01). This effect provides a rationale for the use of cimetropium bromide in treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Reduction by cimetropium bromide of the colonic motor response to eating in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. 336 60

Forty patients with irritable bowel syndrome were randomly allocated to treatment with octylonium bromide (20 mg TID) or cimetropium bromide (50 mg BID) in a double-blind trial lasting for six weeks. Drugs were taken before meals, according to a double-blind schedule. Clinical evaluations were made of digestive and other symptoms, objective findings (pain at palpation, contracted colon, tympanites), and overall effectiveness of treatment. Statistically significant decreases in severity of abdominal pain and subjective scores for bowel habits were obtained in both groups. The only statistically significant differences between treatments were in nondigestive symptoms (asthenia, palpitations, tremor, headache, etc.), which improved more in the cimetropium bromide group. No severe side effects were observed in either treatment group.
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PMID:Double-blind study of a new antimuscarinic, cimetropium bromide, in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. 352 59

This is a review of the 127 cases of drug-induced oesophagitis reported in the English language literature since 1970. The most common symptoms reported were retrosternal pain, odynophagia, and dysphagia. Most cases were self-limited and symptoms resolved in 7 to 10 days with symptomatic therapy. Occasionally, severe odynophagia or dysphagia necessitated hospitalisation. Emepronium bromide, tetracycline and its derivatives, potassium chloride, and quinidine account for 89% of the reported cases of medication-induced oesophageal injury. 14 other medications have been reported to injure the oesophagus. Serious sequelae, including death, have been linked to potassium-induced oesophageal injury. With other medications, however, serious complications were rare. The diagnostic study of choice is endoscopy; an air-contrast barium swallow may also detect the often subtle mucosal abnormalities produced by medication injury. However, the diagnosis does not require confirmation by radiographical or endoscopic means in all cases, and the history alone may be sufficient to make the diagnosis in uncomplicated cases. Medication-induced oesophageal injury is preventable if pills are taken with an adequate amount of fluid and if the practice of taking medications immediately before bedtime is avoided.
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PMID:Medication-induced oesophageal injury. Survey of the literature. 354 May 21

Muscle pain associated with single-bolus administration of suxamethonium is reported to be one of the common complications of this technique. Since suxamethonium is the most commonly used relaxant in our department and priming with nondepolarizing muscle relaxants is also reported to be linked with complications, while the literature concerning this problem is very contradictory, we wondered if the so-called "self-taming" method represents an alternative to pretreatment with nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. One hundred thirty-two patients (69 male, 63 female) were randomly allocated to three groups. Anesthesia was induced with thiopentone 7 mg/kg body weight. Group 1 (n = 44) was pretreated with 2 mg pancuronium bromide 3 min prior to full relaxation with suxamethonium 1.5 mg/kg. Group 2 (n = 43) received no pretreatment. Group 3 (n = 45) received 4 mg suxamethonium i.v. after induction. One minute later the remaining dose of suxamethonium was applied ("self-taming"). Muscle fasciculation and postoperative myalgia were verified by means of a score. Neuromuscular transmission was recorded on a monitor after controlled train-of-four stimulus and time of onset of neuromuscular blockade was measured. With regard to muscle fasciculation, postoperative pain, and onset of neuromuscular blockade, "self-taming" with suxamethonium yielded results identical to pretreatment with pancuronium bromide. It may therefore be considered as an alternative to pretreatment with nondepolarizing muscle relaxants.
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PMID:["Self-taming": an alternative to the prevention of succinylcholine-induced pain]. 366 53

A two-phase, double-blind study was performed to assess the efficacy of various drugs in the relief of postoperative pain. Oral analgesia with two compounds (paracetamol 320 mg, caffeine 32 mg, codeine phosphate 8 mg and meprobamate 150 mg (Stopayne; Rio Ethicals) and dipyrone 500 mg, pitofenone hydrochloride 5 mg and fenpiverinium bromide 0,1 mg (Baralgan HS; Albert)) was found to produce satisfactory pain relief, and it is suggested that these oral compounds may be used from 12 hours postoperatively in uncomplicated cases. Parenteral administration of either pethidine 100 mg or dipyrone 2500 mg was found to be an ineffective form of pain relief, and it is suggested that the use of these drugs should be reviewed. In both phases of the study side-effects were infrequent and mild, and smoking did not have an influence on the results.
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PMID:Analgesics for pain relief after gynaecological surgery. A two-phase study. 388 41

Recent studies have demonstrated a hypoalgesia in hypertensive subjects. This study reports and evaluates factors responsible for the expression of the hypoalgesic behavior demonstrated by genetically hypertensive rats of the Okamoto-Aoki strain (SHR) as compared to normotensive age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Analgesiometric assays were conducted by the hot plate method. SHR's hypoalgesic behavior was reversed by subcutaneously administered naloxone. The intravenous administration of naloxone did not alter arterial pressure or heart rate in either SHR or WKY. Subcutaneous administration of the peripherally acting ganglionic blocker hexamethonium bromide at a dose which lowered mean arterial blood pressure and thus decreased tonic baroreceptor stimulation, concomitantly reversed the SHR hypoalgesic behavior and induced a hyperalgesia in WKY. Denervation of the sino-aortic baroreceptors failed to alter the hypoalgesic behavior demonstrated by SHR. Denervation of the right vagal nerve trunk with associated cardiopulmonary baroreceptor afferents resulted in a reduction of the SHR hypoalgesic behavior and produced a hyperalgesic behavior in WKY as compared to age-matched sham operated controls over a 4 week period. These data suggest a possible physiological role for vagal afferent systems in the concomitant regulation of resting arterial blood pressure and responsiveness to aversive environmental stimuli. A discussion of the interaction between blood pressure and pain regulatory systems as potential substrates associated with the onset and maintenance of hypertension is provided.
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PMID:Factors influencing the altered pain perception in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. 612 88

Thirty-one patients (21 M and 10 F), affected by acute infectious dental disease, were treated with domifen bromide (A) or placebo (Pl). It was found that A had a beneficial effect on the results of clinical controls and reduced the need for the concomitant use of an antibiotic (p = 0.001 and p = .008 respectively). Furthermore, after two days of treatment with A, there was a significant decrease in pain and inflammation (p less than 0.01). A alone or in combination with an antibiotic elicits a good response, improves the prognosis and reduces the number of days of illness.
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PMID:Activity and tolerability of domifen bromide in patients affected by acute infectious dental diseases: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. 638 38

By means of a double blind, placebo controlled trial, we have studied 29 patients (14 M and 15 F) affected by different acute infectious oral diseases. Our results suggest that domifen bromide may be useful in treating infectious oral diseases in combination with antibiotics, and in relieving pain and inflammation.
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PMID:Evaluation of domifen bromide in the treatment of acute infectious oral diseases. 667 23


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