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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Preliminary results are reported for the first 23 rheumatoid arthritis patients entered in a long-term, double-blind trial to compare the efficacy of flurbiprofen and indomethacin. It was planned that, unless withdrawn, patients from matched pairs received either flurbiprofen (150 mg to 300 mg daily) or indomethacin (75 mg to 150 mg daily) over a minimum period of 6 months, dosage being adjusted to suit exacerbations and remission of disease. In addition to clinical assessments of severity of pain, duration and severity of morning stiffness, joint size and joint score, routine laboratory measurements were carried out, including estimates of serum iron and total iron binding capacity, rheumatoid factor and immunoglobulin levels. This interim report gives the statistical analysis of results from the 17 patients completing from 2 to 4 months of treatment and shows that both drugs were equally effective in controlling disease activity. Withdrawals due to side-effects or exacerbations of disease were similar for both drugs.
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PMID:A comparative study of the long-term efficacy of flurbiprofen and indomethacin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, with special reference to iron metabolism. 33 75

Iron deficiency anaemia was produced by repeated phlebotomies in three healthy males. The storage iron was estimated as 666, 522 and 750 mg. After treatment with 1 000 mg of Ferastral the blood haemoglobin concentration rose at an average daily rate of 0.1 g/100 ml/day. Ninety per cent of the injected iron could be accounted for, and the utilization was estimated to about 70-80%. Side effects comprised pain and discolouration at the injection site.
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PMID:Ferastral treatment of three healthy phlebotomized males. 34 Dec 79

A characteristic symmetrical bilateral polyarthritis syndrome is described, affecting the compartements of the wrist joints in a characteristic sequence. The pisiform-triquetral joint gives first, exposing the inferior radioulnar joint so that pisiform pain and tenderness are followed by painful supination. The proximal radiocarpal joint slackens next, followed by the mid-carpal joints. The lunates subluxate as their posterior attachments stretch. Synovial oedema may produce additional median and ulnar carpal tunnel syndromes. The best radiologic sign of this distraction is anterior subluxation of the lunates. Nocturnal arthralgia becomes severe; grip and the ability to write are lost and stretching now shows as a traumatic arthritis in the clavicular joints. The patient is incapacitated and therfore progression halts. A history of excessive straining and lifting is obtained eg with a wheel-barrow, iron pots or strenuous rowing. All serologic tests for rheumatoid disease are negative. Serum uric acid levels and blood sedimentation rates remain normal. There are clear analogies with old descriptions of the effects of torture by stretching from manacles or gauntlets or by the rack.
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PMID:The torture or stretch arthritis syndrome (a modern counterpart of the medieval 'manacles' and 'rack'). 37 11

The iron content of split skin grafts from guinea pigs has been studied by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry from the time the grafts were cut until the transplants had been in contact with a standardized recipient area for 7 days. The iron content was taken as a measure of the blood content of the grafts. In order to relieve pain, general anaesthesia with ether, local anaesthesia by infiltration and local percutaneous anaesthesia with a solution of ketocaine. A2358, were used. At the time of cutting the grafts the iron content was highest when percutaneous anaesthesia had been used. After a decrease in the iron content in all grafts during the two first postoperative days there was an increasing level from the third day as a sign of revascularization. A stabilization of the values when general and percutaneous anaesthesia had preceded the operation was noted from the fifth postoperative day. The level was highest in the grafts cut after percutaneous anaesthesia.
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PMID:The iron content of split skin grafts after general infiltration and percutaneous anaesthesia. 39 71

Treatment of severe iron deficiency with iron-poly(sorbitol-gluconic acid) complex (Ferastral) intramuscular 10 ml (iron 500 mg) on alternate days has been shown highly effective and well tolerated. In order to see whether the time of treatment could be shortened, 20 Nigerians with severe iron deficiency (mostly from hookworm infection) were treated with daily intramuscular Ferastral 10 ml until their calculated total requirement of iron was met. The total iron deficit was 877-2763 mg (mean 1875 mg). Supportive treatment included antimalarials, folic acid and anthelmintics. No patient complained of undue pain at injection sites or of any other undesirable side-effects. There was no evidence of hepatic or renal toxicity in any patient, including eight who were followed at intervals up to eight weeks from the start of treatment. The initial haemoglobin (Hb) level was 2.2-7.8 g/dl (mean 4.6 g/dl). Daily regeneration of Hb in the first 14 days was 0.12-0.49 g/dl (mean 0.30 g/dl), and haematological indices were generally normal by eight weeks. Recovery was slow or incomplete in six patients, all of whom had complications other than iron deficiency. Serum iron was measured in five patients, rose to around 8000 micrograms/dl on about day 4, and fell to physiological levels by day 14. The serum unsaturated iron binding capacity fell to nil in five out of six patients on around day 3, and reappeared between days 7 and 10. Five patients who had persistent blood loss from continued hookworm infestation received a further single dose of Ferastral (iron 1000 mg) 10 ml into each buttock after four weeks, and one patient after two weeks. This large dose was also acceptable to patients if given slowly; it was followed by an accelerated Hb regeneration, but no toxicity. Daily intramuscular Ferastral 10 ml until the calculated iron requirements are met (usually in less than five days) is recommended for the treatment of severe iron deficiency. Patients with continued blood loss or Hb less than 10 g/dl after four weeks without other cause of anaemia, may receive a boost of one intramuscular injection of Ferastral 20 ml (10 ml into each buttock).
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PMID:Treatment of iron deficiency in Nigerians with daily intramuscular Ferastral. 49 69

A progesterone intrauterine device (IUD), Progestasert, was prescribed for 25 patients unable to use an ordinary non-hormonal IUD. Both the amount of menstrual bleeding and the discomfort was observed to decrease more often than increase during the period of use of the progesterone IUD. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and the serum iron levels either remained static or increased. Continuation rate was 76 per cent after one year. The authors consider Progestasert a suitable alternative to the ordinary non-hormonal IUD in women with dysmenorrhea or menorrhagia and those in whom a previous IUD had been associated with pain or increased menstruation.
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PMID:Intrauterine progesterone contraceptive system as an alternative in cases where conventional IUD's are unsuitable. 57 35

Patients with beta thalassemia major may develop a specific osteoarthropathy as they approach the second and third decades of life. Twenty-five of 50 patients between the ages of 5 and 33 years had evidence of periarticular disease that consisted of dull-aching ankle pain exacerbated by weight bearing and relieved by rest. Involvement was symmetrical with mild swelling and pain on bone compression. Arthrocentesis showed no evidence of inflammation. Radiographic changes included osteopenia, widened medullary spaces, thin cortices with coarse trabeculations, and evidence of microfractures. Histologic studies confirmed the presence of microfractures and showed osteomalacia and an increase in osteoblastic and osteoclastic surface area with iron deposites at the calcification front and cement lines. The relative roles of iron overload, divalent cation metabolism, erythroid hyperplasia, or other factors in the pathogenesis of the syndrome remain unknown, and no specific therapy can be recommended at present.
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PMID:Thalassemic osteoarthropathy. 63 29

Data on prenatal, labor and delivery, and postnatal medication exposure to neonates were collected. During an 11-week period, 100 neonates consecutively admitted to a hospital were studied. The pharmacist obtained a social and medication history from the mothers and reviewed maternal anesthesia records and the charts of the neonates. Fifteen definite and possible adverse medication reactions were detected in 13 neonates. The median number of different medications ingested prenatally was 4.7. The four most commonly ingested prenatal medications were vitamins (97%), iron preparations (90%), headache/pain/arthritis medications (68%) and antinausea/vomiting medications (40%). The most commonly used medications during labor and delivery were oxytocin (73%), meperidine (33%) and promazine (25%). The use of strong narcotics during this period produced neonatal respiratory depression in some cases. The four most commonly prescribed postnatal medications were vitamin K1 (100%), gentamicin (10%), ampicillin (8%) and Poly-Vi-Sol (6%). The maternal interview indicated that most mothers were unaware of the influence that many medications can play upon the fetus. It is recommended that the pharmacist conduct a maternal medication interview prior to labor and delivery.
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PMID:Neonatal medication surveillance by the pharmacist. 87 83

An investigation has been carried out on the presence of iron in striated muscle from normal individuals and from patients with rheumatoid disease. The methods used for the estimation of iron required a neutron activation analysis of total iron and extraction of hemoglobin in cyanide buffer. The results disclosed that there was a higher deposition of iron in rheumatoid muscle as compared with normals. Iron has a destructive effect on lysosomes and mast cells, the effect of which is an inflammatory reaction which may in part cause "metabolic myopathy" in rheumatoid disease. It is tentatively suggested that this "metabolic myopathy" may cause muscular pain and weakness in rheumatoid disease.
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PMID:A comparison of the content of iron in normal and rheumatoid striated muscle. 100 10

Treatment with rHuEpo can eliminate many symptoms that had been attributed to uremia. Repetitive punctures in children undergoing three times weekly subcutaneous (SC) rHuEpo can result in noncompliance with the therapeutic regimen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of once weekly SC injection of rHuEpo in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on CAPD. Six children (5 males, 1 female, mean-age: 6.0 years, range: 0.5 to 15.8 years) with ESRD on CAPD were treated with a regimen of rHuEpo 150 U/Kg/week SC for 12 weeks. All patients received oral iron supplementation. All children had improved appetite and well-being. The adolescents showed an increased ability to engage in regular activities. The hematocrit increased from 20.3 +/- 1.2% to 31.7 +/- 3.8% in 12 weeks. The mean weekly increase in hematocrit was 0.95 +/- 0.34%. There was no significant differences in iron indice prior to and during rHuEPO treatment. Side effects related to rHuEpo included transient pain at the site of injection in all, pruritus at the site of injection in 1 child, hyperphosphatemia in 1 infant, iron relative deficiency in 2 children and an asymptomatic increase in blood pressure in 1 hypertensive child. None of the 5 normotensive patients developed hypertension. We concluded that once weekly 150U/kg SC rHuEpo is effective in correcting anemia in children on CAPD. This regimen results in few side effects, decreases the cost of treatment and produces less distress to the patients by avoiding repetitive injections.
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PMID:Once weekly subcutaneous administration of recombinant erythropoietin in children treated with CAPD. 136 43


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