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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The maternal plasma HGH, insulin, glucose and FFA levels were determined during the course of induced labours in 28 healthy mothers. Every second patient was given segmental epidural analgesia for pain relief during the first stage of labour (epidural) group). The others acted as a control group. HGH did not change significantly during the labour in either group. Insulin decreased during the first stage of labour in both groups. This decrease was more pronounced and statistically almost significant in the control group. Thereafter the insulin increased in both groups. Glucose levels did not change during the first stage, but at the moment of delivery they were significantly higher than the initial levels in both groups. FFA levels became raised in both groups during labour, reaching a peak at the moment of delivery. The results are discussed in relation to stress and effectiveness of pain relief during the first stage of labour.
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PMID:The effect of segmental epidural analgesia on maternal growth hormone, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids during labour. 102 Sep 5

The author describes a family (48 year old mother and 15 year old son) with the muscular variant of glycogenosis-McArde's metabolic myopathy. The mother has been ill since 22 years old, the son--since 7. The disease had a slowly progressive development. The clinical picture was characterized by convulsions of the type of cramps following physical loadings on muscles of the body and extremities. Convulsions were accompanied by pain, an induration and enlargment of the muscles, muscle fatigue and increased significantly in an artifical ischemia of the extremities. A histochemical study of the muscle revealed a pathological accumulation of glycogen. The content of lactic and pyruvic acid in the blood after work in ischemic conditions did not change significantly. A study of the sugar curve in the blood with a loading with glucose and a parallel determination of insulin by a radioimmune method found hyperinsulinemia and a dysfunction of the pancreas.
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PMID:[McArdle's disease (a familial case)]. 106 64

The effect of insulin treatment in acute pancreatitis was studied in a double-blind investigation. Fifteen patients with clinical signs of acute pancreatitis were treated with intravenous infusion of glucose and insulin only. Twelve patients were free from pain within four hours of commencement of treatment. Within eight hours all fifteen were free from abdominal pain. Fourteen patients with pancreatitis established by the same criteria were treated with glucose infusions without insulin. Only four of the patients in this group became free from pain within four hours. The role of intravenously infused insulin with respect to the more beneficial effect in the first group is discussed.
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PMID:Role of intravenously infused insulin in treatment of acute pancreatitis. A double-blind study. 109 32

In patients with stable coronary artery disease, a GIK solution may increase arterial glucose and the arterial-coronary sinus difference of glucose across the myocardium. In the same patients, GIK may reduce arterial free fatty acids as well as the arterial-coronary sinus difference of free fatty acids across the myocardium. As the arterial values of free fatty acids fall, so does the arterial-coronary sinus difference of free fatty acid across the myocardium, defining a myocardial threshold for free fatty acids of approximately 200 mEq/L. Glucose-insulin-potassium may lower free fatty acid values to near or below myocardial threshold in patients with acute myocardial infarction despite recurrent pain. Preliminary data suggest that GIK in the concentration and infusion rates used in this study may favorably influence survival in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:Glucose-insulin-potassium, free fatty acids and acute myocardial infarction in man. 125 62

Skiagram proved 35 cases of fibrocalculus pancreatic diabetes in order to analyse the clinical profile and its correlation with different descriptive epidemiological parameters were studied. Mean age was 25.17 +/- 7.85 years and male to female ratio was 6:1; 65.7% patients were poor (income < Rs 500 per month) and another 28.6% having average income (Rs 500 to Rs 1,000 per month); 74.3% came from rural areas having a family size of about > or = 7 members and sanitation was poor in all the cases. Mean body mass index was 15.93 +/- 3. Severe diabetes (ie, fasting blood sugar level > 251 mg%) and moderately severe diabetes (ie, fasting blood sugar level > 181 mg% but < 250 mg%) were noted in 51.4% and 11.4% cases respectively. Recurrent pain abdomen, infections, neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy and keto-acidosis were observed in 52.2%, 40.0%, 42.9%, 8.6%, 11.4% and 2.9% cases respectively. Mean soluble insulin requirement was 41.81 +/- 13.94 units. Four cases in whom pancreatic lithotomy was done, showed less insulin requirement and disappearance of pain. Parotid swelling, chronic diarrhoea and insulin resistance were not observed. Insulin requirement, epidemiological and biochemical parameters were similar to other young diabetics.
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PMID:Fibrocalculus pancreatic diabetes in western Orissa. 128 95

In a prospective clinical-experimental study, 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis operated consecutively due to severe pain were examined for the effects of a duodenum-preserving resection of the pancreas head on endocrine pancreas function. This was done by means of oral and intravenous glucose tolerance testing before the operation, on the 10th or 11th postoperative day, and three months after the operation. In addition to glucose levels in the peripheral venous blood, levels of insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide were determined. As indicated by the k-value, glucose tolerance improved postoperatively in 11 patients; two patients showed no change, and one patient was worse. Only one patient developed evident diabetes mellitus immediately postoperatively. The pre- and postoperative levels of insulin and C-peptide showed no significant differences. The fasting levels of glucagon were significantly lower postoperatively than before the operation (2p less than 0.01). Duodenum-preserving pancreas head resection led to improvement of the glucose tolerance in the majority of patients; a deterioration was observed only in two cases.
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PMID:[The effect of duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection on the endocrine pancreas function in patients with chronic head pancreatitis]. 134 82

Chronic pancreatitis is defined by a persistent destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma replaced by fibrosis. The lesions generally start in the exocrine gland, islets being attacked later in the fibrosis. The two most frequent forms are: 1. Chronic calcifying pancreatitis which is a pancreatic lithiasis responsible for more than 95% of chronic pancreatitis. In its most frequent form, calculi are built up of more than 98% calcium salts together with fibres of a degraded residue of lithostathine, a secretory protein. This disease is related (i) in most countries to alcohol, protein, fat and tobacco and (ii) in certain tropical countries to malnutrition (low-fat, low-protein diet) for some generations. A causative role for cassava and kwashiorkor is improbable. The mechanism of calcium precipitation is partly explained by the calcium-saturation of pancreatic juice and the decreased biosynthesis of lithostathine S, the secretory protein preventing crystallization. As a rule, diabetes (and steatorrhoea) appear after a clinical evolution characterized by recurrent attacks of upper abdominal pain, generally lasting some days with transiently increased concentrations of pancreatic enzymes in serum. When diabetes appears, pain frequently disappears. Complications are mostly observed in the first 10 years of clinical evolution. 2. Obstructive pancreatitis is due to an obstacle (tumours, scars) in the pancreatic duct. It is rarely a cause of diabetes. Diabetes due to chronic pancreatitis is characterized by the low incidence of ketosis and the high incidence of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. Patients are generally thin. Serum insulin levels, either basal or stimulated, are decreased. Glucagon is less affected. Angiopathies and retinopathies are less frequent than in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Neural complications are fairly frequent. The diagnosis is generally easy because diabetes appears at a late stage of the disease. The treatment generally requires insulin.
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PMID:Chronic pancreatitis and diabetes. 144 67

The implantable pump field is now more than 20 years old. The original goal of developing a totally artificial beta-cell remains unrealized, but programmable insulin pumps that contain all of the elements of the artificial beta-cell except the glucose sensor are involved in clinical trials in the United States and are commercially available in Europe. Currently, both single-rate and programmable implantable pumps are in general clinical use in the United States for the treatment of pain and spasticity, cancer, and osteomyelitis. Only a few of the potential applications of implantable pumps have been developed to the stage of commercial availability. This is, in part, because drug companies have traditionally developed parenteral drug applications only as a last resort and, in part, because of the complexity of the regulatory process for implantable pumps, often requiring review by both the drug and device branches of the Food and Drug Administration.
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PMID:Implantable pumps. Recent progress and anticipated future advances. 145 Apr 70

Generalized tendomyopathy (GTM), or fibromyalgia (FM), is a disease characterized by wide-spread pain in the musculoskeletal system which usually begins at a single site, e.g., as low-back pain or cervical syndrome, and develops into generalized pain over months or years. The disorder affects primarily women, beginning around the age of 35 and reaching its peak during or after the menopause. Its etiology is still unknown. Secondary forms are observed particularly in rheumatoid arthritis. In order to get more information on FM we determined the local metabolic rate of glucose in vivo in the skeletal muscle (lumbar region) with dynamic 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET). 2 healthy volunteers and 6 female patients with FM reaching in age from 31 to 53 years were scanned. As 18F-FDG PET scanning is a metabolic tool, it is crucial to observe standardized conditions of metabolic steady-state. We used, therefore, the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic insulin clamp technique to stimulate the myogenic glucose uptake under stable plasma-glucose levels. The local metabolic rates of glucose utilization were estimated with a non-linear least squares fit on the 3 compartment 18F-FDG-model. A lumped constant of 0.67 was assumed. Under glucose clamp conditions patients with FM showed a significantly (p < 0.001) lower metabolic rate of glucose (4.3 +/- 1.1) mumol/100 g tissue/min compared with normal volunteers (8.5 +/- 2.3 mumol/100 g/min). Due to a significantly (p < 0.005) increased glucose backflow from tissue into the vascular space (k2 in the kinetic model) the rate of phosphorylation was markedly reduced in patients with FM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Determination of regional rate of glucose metabolism in lumbar muscles in patients with generalized tendomyopathy using dynamic 18F-FDG PET]. 147 8

As part of a large epidemiological study concerning 494 diabetic patients undergoing dialysis throughout France--the so-called Uremidiab section study--we collected data with the aim of describing objective as well as subjective aspects of quality of survival. Questionnaires were completed from medical records and from direct interviews by trained collectors. The data included: (a) medical status and impairments; (b) functional status with the Barthel index for basic activities of daily living; (c) subjective aspects through self-estimation of fatigue, pain, care burden, quality of life and working capacity. Only 21% of the patients had type 1 diabetes and more than 71% were currently insulin-treated. Among the various long-term complications registered, visual impairment was a prominent feature: 25% of the patients were blind and the best eye vision scored 0.8 or more for only 20%. The differences found between the two types of diabetes are discussed. As a result of these impairments, functional status was poor even when considering basic activities, with a mean Barthel index (BI) of 80 +/- 19. Type 2 patients and those patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis had significantly lower BI. The results are discussed in the light of the literature. Compared with a group of 121 non-dialyzed diabetics, patients scored higher for fatigue and pain, but not for care burden and quality of life.
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PMID:Assessment of handicap in chronic dialysis diabetic patients (Uremidiab section study). 148 47


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