Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (
pain
)
261,466
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The behaviour of normal birds and birds with ulcerated buccal lesions was described following oral stimulation with
Acetylcholine chloride
(
ACh
) and Bradykinin (BK). Both groups of birds showed normal oral behaviour but a number of birds with oral lesions showed a behaviour pattern which had been previously seen in our laboratory following nociceptive stimulation. The birds remained motionless in a crouch-like stance with the head pulled into the body and a significantly reduced number of alert head movements. The onset and duration of this immobility response was compared with reports of
pain
in humans in the blister-base test using similar concentrations of
ACh
and BK. It was concluded that nocifensive responses of the chicken fulfil many of the requirements for the definition of
pain
in animals.
...
PMID:Oral lesions in the chicken: behavioural responses following nociceptive stimulation. 367 47
