Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To study the hypothesis that endogenous adenosine is a mediator of the ischaemic pain sensation, the effect of the adenosine receptor blocker theophylline (5.5 mg of the ethylendiamine salt.kg-1 intravenously) was tested in a placebo controlled double blind cross over study (placebo/theophylline/placebo or placebo/placebo/theophylline) in five healthy volunteers. Ischaemic work was performed with a spring loaded hand ergometer (1 Hz). The pain sensation was continuously reported using the Borg scale. Blood flow was measured by occlusion plethysmography. Pain was reported 18 (SEM 2.4) s after starting the ischaemic work and increased continuously to a maximum after 129(18) s (placebo). Theophylline at a plasma concentration of 75(7) mumol.litre-1 decreased the pain sensation in relation to working time. With theophylline, 12(3)% more work (p less than 0.01) was performed for the same reported pain estimate. Blood flow increased from a basal level of 52(9) to 495(55) ml.min-1.100 ml-1 30 s after work and returned to normal within 30-40 min. Theophylline did not affect blood flow. In conclusion, theophylline has a small but significant inhibitory effect on the ischaemic pain sensation compatible with a hyperalgesic effect of adenosine.
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PMID:Theophylline decreases pain in the ischaemic forearm test. 269 16

Forty outpatients with endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcers were entered in a double blind trial. They were randomly allocated to octatropine-methyl-bromide and sulglycotide salt (GVP) or placebo. The results show that the combination of the two drugs is less efficacious than the two constituent substances taken separately, is not more efficacious than placebo in ulcer healing, and is ineffective with regard to ulcer pain.
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PMID:Octatropine-methyl-bromide and sulglycotide salt in the short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer. A double blind endoscopic study of 40 outpatients. 269 31

1. The effects of buprenorphine, given intravenously, on the incidence and severity of early acute coronary artery occlusion-induced arrhythmias were examined in anaesthetised rats. The electrophysiological effects of buprenorphine were also examined in sheep Purkinje fibres and rat papillary muscles, superfused in vitro with either a normal or a hypoxic, hyperkalaemic and acidotic physiological salt solution (PSS). 2. In anaesthetised rats subjected to acute coronary artery occlusion, pretreatment with buprenorphine (1 mg kg-1 i.v.) markedly reduced the incidence of ventricular extra-systoles during the initial 30 min post-occlusion period. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) was also significantly reduced from 56% to 10%. 3. At the antiarrhythmic dose (1 mg kg -1), buprenorphine also attenuated the sudden fall in systemic arterial blood pressure induced by acute coronary artery ligation. 4. In normal sheep Purkinje fibres and rat papillary muscles, buprenorphine (10(-6)-10(-5) M) significantly reduced the action potential height and maximum rate of depolarisation of phase zero (MRD) and prolonged the duration of the action potential. 5. Superfusion of sheep Purkinje fibres and rat papillary muscles with a hypoxic, hyperkalaemic and acidotic PSS resulted in marked reductions in resting membrane potential, upstroke and duration of the action potential. 6. In the presence of the modified compared with normal PSS, buprenorphine reduced the action potential height and MRD of both sheep Purkinje fibres and rat papillary muscles to a greater extent, although its ability to prolong the action potential duration was attenuated. 7. The antiarrhythmic effects of buprenorphine observed in vivo may be explained by its direct cardiac electrophysiological effects. Buprenorphine might be useful in relieving pain and in reducing the severity of arrhythmias in the early stages of acute myocardial infarction.
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PMID:The antiarrhythmic and cardiac electrophysiological effects of buprenorphine. 275 41

The pharmacokinetic properties of ibuprofen p.o. given either as a lysine salt or as acid to eight young, healthy male volunteers was investigated. Ibuprofen lysinate, administered after overnight fasting, produced peak plasma concentrations significantly earlier and higher than ibuprofen acid. A similar difference was observed when the drugs were given following a standardized breakfast. Under these conditions the lat-time was significantly shorter for the lysine salt than for the acid. The pharmacokinetic differences are likely to result from the faster dissolution rate of ibuprofen lysinate. They indicate that the administration of ibuprofen as lysine salt before meals may be advantageous if rapid and reliable onset of pain relief is required.
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PMID:Therapeutically relevant differences in the pharmacokinetical and pharmaceutical behavior of ibuprofen lysinate as compared to ibuprofen acid. 277 20

From January 1979 through March 1988, our regional poison center, located many hundreds of miles from the nearest coastal salt water, documented 23 cases of envenomation by "Lionfish" (members of genus Pterois). All cases involved specimens which were maintained in the homes of amateur aquarists. A study of patient epidemiology showed the following: patient's sex 91.3% male, 8.7% female; patients ages ranged from 17 to 50 years with an average age for males of 29.8 years and 35 years for females; the site of the envenomation accident was always in the home; the only part of the body envenomated was the hand or finger; and all of the patients were symptomatic. Symptoms noted included sharp pain, swelling, redness, bleeding, nausea, numbness, joint pain, anxiety, headache, disorientation, and dizziness. One patient had a complication of cellulitis. Treatment provided included immersion of the effected area in hot water at 40 C for 60 to 90 min, analgesics, tetanus toxoid, and antibiotics. There were no deaths noted and treatment proved effective in all cases. This paper also discusses the natural history, clinical effects, and current treatment for envenomations from these beautiful but dangerous venomous fish, which can cause poisoning exposures that are likely to be encountered by poison centers anywhere in the world.
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PMID:Lionfish string experiences of an inland poison center: a retrospective study of 23 cases. 292 30

The therapeutic efficacy of the immunomodulator OM-8980 in rheumatoid arthritis was compared with that of auranofin, an oral gold salt, in a double blind, randomised multicentre study lasting six months. Seventy patients were treated with auranofin and 75 with OM-8980. The patients of both groups improved significantly at three and six months for all the clinical parameters observed: Ritchie index, number of swollen joints, morning stiffness, pain, grip strength, intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. No serious side effects were observed in either group. The patients receiving auranofin had more adverse reactions, mainly affecting the gastrointestinal system.
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PMID:A double blind multicentre study of OM-8980 and auranofin in rheumatoid arthritis. 304 24

Auranofin (AF), an oral gold salt, was given for 9-18 months to 3 patients with pemphigus vulgaris. There was a slight improvement with significant oral pain relief in 2, and a complete remission in 1. Two patients including the one with the remission, subsequently flared up under AF therapy. Although AF is said to be better tolerated than parenteral gold this limited series suggests that it does not seem to have a superior therapeutic effect in PV.
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PMID:Oral gold therapy (Auranofin) in pemphigus vulgaris. 308 50

The analgesic effect, acute toxicity and pharmacokinetics of lysine acetylsalicylate (LAS), a water-soluble salt of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) were studied as compared with a 50% solution of analgin and a 4% solution of amidopyrine at intramuscular administration and ASA administered intragastrically. During inflammation-induced pain in rats LAS exerts a pronounced analgesic effect exceeding the activity of other agents. LD50 of LAS was similar to that of analgin and ASA. LAS toxicity was significantly less than that of amidopyrine. Bioavailability of ASA at intramuscular administration to rabbits was close to that at intravenous injection and significantly higher as compared with intragastric administration.
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PMID:[Analgesic action and pharmacokinetics of lysine acetylsalicylate administered intramuscularly]. 314 14

Eleven cases of hydrocele testis were treated with injection of a 1% or 2% dedoxycycline hydrochloride or minocycline hydrochloride, and a cure was obtained in 9 cases (81.8%). Of these 9 cases, 7 cases were cured after one injection, and 2 cases after 2 injection. Both of the latter 2 cases in which physiological salt solution was used as the dissolving solution experienced scrotal pain immediately after injection. Among the cases in which 1% lidocaine was used as the dissolving solution only 1 injection (11.1%) was associated with slight pain out of 9 injections. This treating method is highly effective and little or no pain is experienced if lidocaine is used. In conclusion, we recommend this method as a treatment for hydrocele testis.
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PMID:[Treatment of hydrocele testis by injection of tetracycline solution]. 317 41

Treatment of small vascular abnormalities of the skin is painful, and injections of local anesthetic agents distort the operating field. Iontophoresis of salt-free, 4% lidocaine, with and without epinephrine, delivered to the skin from a receptacle with a semipermeable membrane, and with the use of a current-controlled electrical system, resulted in effective anesthesia of the skin for cauterization of "spider" veins. Fourteen subjects received 32 treatments. Sixteen paired areas of spider veins were anesthetized with iontophoresis of lidocaine and with lidocaine plus epinephrine 1/50,000. The duration of anesthesia with lidocaine averaged 14 minutes; relief of pain was complete in 9/16 treatments, adequate in 6/16, and inadequate in 1/16. Lidocaine plus epinephrine supplied anesthesia for 56 minutes; relief of pain was total in 14/16 treatments and adequate in the remaining two. Thus iontophoresis with the use of selected local anesthetic and iontophoretic equipment provides adequate conditions for cauterization of spider veins, a procedure poorly served by conventional local anesthesia.
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PMID:Painless cauterization of spider veins with the use of iontophoretic local anesthesia. 319 73


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