Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since magnesium regulates calcium transport, and magnesium replacement in magnesium-deficient postmenopausal patients resulted in unexpected improvement in documented osteoporosis, we investigated the effect of magnesium treatment on trabecular bone density in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Thirty-one postmenopausal patients (mean age +/- SD = 57.6 +/- 10.6 years), consecutively admitted to the Back Rehabilitation Unit with musculoskeletal pain of non-malignant origin and bone density values of < or = 1.19 g/cm3 (measured by Compton Bone Densitometer), received two to six tablets daily of 125 mg each of magnesium hydroxide (Magnesium Magma USP/; 'Mazor', Israel) for 6 months and two tablets for another 18 months in a 2 year, open, controlled therapeutic trial. Twenty-three symptom-free postmenopausal women (mean +/- SD = 61.2 +/- 6.2 years) whose bone density was concurrently assessed at the same laboratory and who were found to have osteoporosis but refused treatment, served as controls. No new fractures occurred. Twenty-two patients (71 per cent) responded by a 1-8 per cent rise of bone density. The mean bone density of all treated patients increased significantly after 1 year (P < 0.02) and remained unchanged after 2 years (P > 0.05). The mean bone density of the responders increased significantly both after one year (P < 0.001) and after 2 years (P < 0.02), while in untreated controls, the mean bone density decreased significantly (P < 0.001). The disparity between the initial mean bone density and bone density after one year in all osteoporotic patients and in the responders differed significantly from that of the controls (both P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Trabecular bone density in a two year controlled trial of peroral magnesium in osteoporosis. 827 61

The author discusses the problem of aluminium osteopathy as one of the clinical manifestations of aluminium intoxication in dialyzed patients. She describes the case-histories of three patients treated on account of aluminium intoxication with desferrioxamine. The disease was manifested by pain in the bones and joints and muscular weakness, in two patients also with symptoms of encephalopathy. The diagnosis was assessed only after a special examination of bone trepanobiopsy (staining with aurintricarboxyl acetic acid) and confirmed by assessment of the aluminium serum concentration. While treatment of the first patient in 1986 was not successful, in another two female patients it proved possible by combined treatment (desferrioxamine and haemofiltration treatment) to eliminate the aluminium from the organism and to improve the symptoms. At present no longer aluminium hydroxide is prescribed as a routine binding agent of phosphates in the digestive tract. Therefore cases of aluminium intoxication are rare. Nevertheless it is important to pay attention to the problem of aluminium accumulation as its early diagnosis facilitates treatment. In the author's opinion the method of choice for elimination of aluminium from the organism is one-line haemofiltration combined with desferrioxamine.
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PMID:[Aluminum osteopathy--experience with therapy]. 835 77

(+)-(1-Hydroxy-3-aminopyrrolidine-2-one) ((+)-HA 966), a partial agonist at the glycine site coupled to N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, abolished the late phase of licking induced by injection of formalin into the hind-paw of mice; inhibitory dose50 (ID50) = 1.6 mg/kg, s.c. In contrast, it was weakly active against the first phase; ID50 = 33.3 mg/kg, s.c. Further, (+)-HA 966 was inactive in the rotarod test of ataxia. These data support a role of NMDA receptors in the transmission of prolonged noxious stimulation and suggest that partial glycine receptor agonists may exert antinociceptive properties against persistent pain.
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PMID:(+)-HA 966, a partial agonist at the glycine site coupled to NMDA receptors, blocks formalin-induced pain in mice. 840 16

There is limited experimental information about pain originating from the urinary bladder. In the present study application of 3-5 ml of 1% ammonium oxalate, 1% potassium chloride, 100m M citric acid, IM ammonium chloride, 1% oxalic acid, 0.5% sodium hydroxide, or 2 micrograms/ml bradykinin, to the serosal surface of the urinary bladder in anaesthetized dogs, resulted in an increase in heart rate, rise of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and increase in respiratory rate and depth. These facilitatory cardio-respiratory responses were coupled with powerful contractions of the urinary bladder wall. By contrast, mucosal application of the chemicals did not bring about any significant change. The cardio-respiratory responses obtained were completely abolished on serosal application of procaine (1%), section of the hypogastric nerves or by spinalectomy at T8. Bilateral cervical vagotomy and pelvic nerve section did not modify the responses. However, the blood pressure responses were abolished by the administration of tolazoline hydrochloride, indicating a major role of sympathetics in this nociceptive reflex.
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PMID:Urinary bladder serosal chemoreceptor induced cardio-respiratory responses: possible pathway. 844 40

Treatment of chronic rheumatoid synovitis (RS) is directed to control the inflammatory process causing pain and disability. Radiation synovectomy is suggested to be an alternative to surgical treatment, but its clinical use has been restricted because of significant leakage (> 10%) associated with the use of the standard radionuclide 90-Yttrium (used as 90-Yttrium silicate colloid) and because of its long physical half-life of 64 hours prolonging the patients' stay in the hospital. 165-Dysprosium possesses promising nuclear properties for the treatment of patients suffering from RS. The maximum soft tissue penetration of its beta-particles is 5.7 mm which is the range being necessary to penetrate the inflamed synovia. Using as carrier ferric hydroxide macroaggregates (DFH) 165-Dy is expected to minimize the cumulative radiation dose to non-target organs by its very low leakage. Animal studies were performed in 13 rats and 6 rabbits to obtain the rationale and safety data for its clinical evaluation. These studies revealed that 98.2 +/- 0.6% of the injected dose remained in the joint with a nontarget organ uptake of less than 0.1%. Clinical results were obtained from 8 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 24 hours after injection scintigraphy was performed over the treated joint and the liver region revealing no detectable leakage of the injected activity from the joint. Blood pool activity was also assessed revealing a leakage of 0.02% of the dose injected in the knee 24 hours after injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Radiosynovectomy with dysprosium-165 iron hydroxide]. 847 81

The case of a 49-year-old woman suffering from generalized skeletal pain and multiple fractures accompanied by severe hypophosphataemia and low urinary phosphorus excretion is reported. She had been taking large amounts of antacids containing aluminum hydroxide for many years. A diagnosis of antacid-induced osteomalacia was made. It was confirmed by biological work-up, radiographs and bone biopsy. A dramatic biological, osteodensitometric, and clinical improvement was achieved by withdrawal of antacids and phosphorus administration. The literature concerning this unusual condition has been reviewed.
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PMID:Antacid-induced osteomalacia. 892 82

We performed quantitative analysis of synovial fibrosis in the infrapatellar fat pad in 26 patients who underwent arthroscopically assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Twelve patients underwent reconstruction with patellar tendon autografts, and 14 had reconstructions with semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autografts. Synovial samples were obtained at the time of reconstruction from 10 patients and at second-look arthroscopy from all 26 patients. Sections from quick-frozen samples were stained with either hematoxylin and eosin or Fast green and Sirius red. We used sodium hydroxide in absolute methanol to elute the Fast green and Sirius red stains, and the total collagen content of each section was estimated by measuring the optical density of the eluted solution. The volume of each section was determined on a computer using an imaging program, and collagen content per unit of tissue was calculated. Median collagen content was 15.3 micrograms/mm3 for the preoperative samples, 25.1 micrograms/mm3 for the group with patellar tendon autografts, and 27.1 micrograms/mm3 for the group with hamstring tendons autografts. Analysis of preoperative and postoperative paired samples revealed a significant increase in synovial collagen after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We observed increased fibrosis in patients who had pain on exertion or stiffness in squatting after the reconstructive surgery.
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PMID:Quantitative analysis of synovial fibrosis in the infrapatellar fat pad before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. 900 88

The aim was to assess the prevalence of pulp exposure after stepwise versus direct complete excavation of permanent posterior teeth with deep carious lesions. The material, representing 116 patients aged 6-16 yrs (mean = 10.2 yrs), consisted of 127 teeth with radiographs revealing carious lesions to such a depth that pulp exposure could be expected if direct complete excavation was performed. Teeth with clinical symptoms, other than transient pain shortly before treatment, were not accepted. The teeth were randomly selected for either treatment procedure. Stepwise excavation implied removal of the bulk of carious tissue and application of calcium hydroxide, followed by sealing of the cavity with zinc-oxide eugenol cement. After a period of 8-24 weeks the rest of the carious dentin was removed and the cavity sealed with calcium hydroxide, zinc-oxide-eugenol (ZOE) and a restorative material. Direct complete excavation entailed removal of all carious dentin followed by sealing as mentioned above. In case of pulp exposure, pulp treatment was performed. The pulp was exposed in 40 of the teeth treated by direct complete excavation. The corresponding figure for those treated by stepwise excavation was 17.5%. The difference was statistically significant. The teeth with no pulp exposure after direct or stepwise excavation showed normal clinical and radiographic conditions at the last check-up (mean = 43 months).
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PMID:Pulp exposure after stepwise versus direct complete excavation of deep carious lesions in young posterior permanent teeth. 902 83

Molecular topology has been applied to the design of new analgesic drugs. Linear discriminant analysis and connectivity functions were used to design two potentially suitable drugs which were synthesized and tested for analgesic properties by the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction test in mice and the tail-flick test in rats. In mice, the compound 1-(p-chlorophenyl)propanol showed higher analgesic activity, both intraperitoneally and orally, than acetylsalicylic acid. 2-(1-Hydroxy-3-butenyl)phenol exhibited a lesser protective effect (70% of that shown by acetylsalicylic acid). In rats, acetylsalicylic acid gave the greatest protection against pain when administered intraperitoneally, while 1-(p-chlorophenyl)propanol was the most active orally. The 2-(1-hydroxy-3-butenyl)phenol, both intraperitoneally and orally, showed the least protective effect. These results demonstrated the peripheral analgesic properties of the selected compounds, thus confirming the validity of the molecular design method.
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PMID:Pharmacological studies of 1-(p-chlorophenyl)propanol and 2-(1-hydroxy-3-butenyl)phenol: two new non-narcotic analgesics designed by molecular connectivity. 912 Jul 58

The foreign-made drug preparation maldroxal the formulation of which includes aluminium hydroxide, magnesia hydroxide and dimeticon, is an effective medicine making for the instant relief of pain and dyspeptic syndromes; it is capable of exerting an antiinflammatory effect. It has also been ascertained that maldroxal fails to influence much the elimination of H. p., which fact necessitates an additional prescription of antibacterial drugs.
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PMID:[A trial of the use of Maldroxal in treating patients with duodenal peptic ulcer]. 969 77


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