Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 31-year-old man had sodium hydroxide blown into his amblyopic left eye after an explosion caused by placing solid sodium hydroxide cleanser into a plugged drain. The eye was treated with topical and intraocular irrigation, and lactated Ringer's solution and the patient was given topical antibiotics, systemic and topical corticosteroids, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Acetylcysteine drops were administered, and a contact lens was placed. The patient subsequently developed severe pain, hypopyon, and hyphema. The cornea was ulcerated and perforated 27 days after injury, and the eye was enucleated 70 days after injury.
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PMID:Irrigation of the anterior chamber for the treatment of alkali burns. 3 37

In children aged 15--16 years receiving routine reinforcement tetanus immunisation, adsorbed vaccine caused more severe and more frequent local reactions than did plain formol toxoid, and a higher incidence of pyrexia. The incidence of swelling and erythema at the inoculation site increased with serum antitoxin titre at the time of inoculation, whereas pain and tenderness were related to the presence of the aluminium hydroxide adjuvant. Both vaccines gave satisfactory antibody responses over a 5-month observation period; plain formol toxoid induced higher mean titres than did the adsorbed vaccine. It is recommended that plain and not adsorbed vaccine be used when reinforcement of immunity to tetanus alone is desired.
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PMID:Reactions and antibody responses to reinforcing doses of adsorbed and plain tetanus vaccines. 8 30

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate calcium hydroxide and potassium nitrate individually as densensitizing agents for hypersensitive root surfaces. The apparatus used in the experiment to measure hypersensitivity was (a) a thermo-electric stimulating device to measure hot and cold stimulation quantitatively and (b) a mechanical stimulating device to measure scratch stimulation quantitatively. The conclusions drawn from the study were: 1. Calcium hydroxide was more consistently effective in decreasing sensitivity then was potassium nitrate or the control. 2. Calcium hydroxide as compared to the control was statistically (99% level of significance) more effective in reducing sensitivity to mechanical, hot and cold stimulation immediately and at the conclusion of the experiment (3 months). 3. It appears that calcium hydroxide could be used as a desensitizing agent initially following periodontal surgery to reduce pain from hypersensitive roots in order that proper oral hygiene could be reestablished.
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PMID:Calcium hydroxide and potassium nitrate as desensitizing agents for hypersensitive root surfaces. 26 50

Nine patients with painful Paget's disease of bone were treated for 200 days with a drug combination designed to elevated plasma calcium, hence stimulating the production of endogenous calcitoning and suppressing that of parathyroid hormone. This combination was oral calcium, a thiazide diuretic, a low phosphorus diet and aluminium hydroxide. Eight of the nine patients experienced sustained pain relief after 20--70 days. The mean plasma alkaline phosphatase (expressed as a percentage of the pre-treatment level) commenced to fall after 30 days of treatment and at 120 days was 58% of the pre-treatment level; this fall was sustained at 200 days. There was a mean rise of 0-08 mmol/l in plasma calcium; there was no significant change in plasma inorganic phosphorus or plasma creatinine. In view of the extremely low cost of this drug combination and its lack of side-effects, it is suggested it be considered as a treatment for Paget's disease of bone.
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PMID:A cheap oral therapy for Paget's disease of bone. 26 86

Of 123 teeth treated by direct pulp capping 110 could be rechecked clinically and radiographically after periods of 1 1/2 to 7 years, 4 on the average. In 25 cases a change in endodontic treatment has been recorded on the files: In 18 cases biopulpectomy was performed for symptomatic (pain) reasons considered as failure of the capping treatment; in 5 cases biopulpectomy was indicated for periodontal and prosthetic reasons (not considered as failure); in 5 cases of the 110 rechecked necrosis and periapical involvement was diagnosed. The rate of failure thus was 22 cases or 17%. This relatively high ratio of unfavorable results (Tab. VII) is in part due to lack of operative skill of the students while progressing tooth morbidity statistically established in the Genevan population also was taken into account. Advancing tooth ages according to graph figure 6 in accordance with other recent surveys were found to constitute no impediment for direct pulp capping. The success of this endodontic treatment is best ascertained by observing a strict selection of the case and the observance of an exacting operative procedure, namely: - Only accidentally exposed pulps without symptoms of previous spontaneous pain (Category I) are liable to successful conservation by direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide. Previously painful pulps (Category II) according to Table VIII are either indirectly capped using corticosteroids particularly in young teeth or after exposure subject to coronal or radicular pulpotomy (Category III). Rigorous aseptical procedure and lasting hermetical sealing of the calcium hydroxide pulp dressing are additional prerequisites for success.
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PMID:[Long-term clinical supervision of direct pulp capping (performed by the students of the School of Dentistry, Geneva)]. 29 93

Relief of duodenal ulcer pain by aluminum hydroxide gel (AG) was compared with that obtained by a dummy gel (DG) in randomized trials. In 44 individual pain episodes, complete relief was obtained by 15-ml doses of AG in 79% and by DG in 45% (P less than 0.05). In 48 identical blind trials replicated at another hospital the difference was not significant. The gels were also tested against ulcer pain induced by intragastric acid instillation (Palmer test) in 35 patients; pain was relieved by AG in 63% and by DG in 62%. Presumed effectiveness in terminating ulcer episodes was studied in 65 patients admitted for pain; 37 received milk and cream hourly and 28 did not. All were treated with 15 ml of AG or DG during waking hours. Median time for complete disappearance of spontaneous pain was 3 days for AG and 7 days for DG, the same in both groups. In all patients the acid instillation test was repeated every few days. For the milk and cream group it became negative after 4 days with AG and after 6 days with DG. In 18 patients with gastric ulcer treated for 4 weeks AG led to greater reductions in size than did DG. A number of these trials indicate AG to be more effective than DG, but sampling and other methodological problems limit the certainty of any conclusions.
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PMID:Controlled trials of aluminum hydroxide gels for peptic ulcer. 32 63

A single-blind, between-patient comparative study was carried out in general practice to assess the effectiveness of antacid plus antispasmodic combination tablets (240 mg dried aluminium hydroxide B.P., 144 mg magnesium hydroxide B.P.C., and 5 mg dicyclomine hydrochloride B.P.) and aluminium hydroxide B.P. tablets (500 mg) in the management of chronic dyspepsia. Twenty patients received the combination tablets and 17 the single antacid tablets. They were instructed to chew 2 tablets 3 or 4-times daily and an additional 2 tablets at night if necessary. Patients were assessed initially, and then at 2 and 4 weeks. Both preparations were effective in controlling dyspeptic symptoms. Heartburn and nausea showed an early, significantly greater (p less than 0.05) response to the combined tablet, as did night pain after 4 weeks. Tablet intake of both preparations averaged out at just under 7 tablets per day.
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PMID:A comparison of an antacid plus antispasmodic combination and aluminium hydroxide in dyspepsia. 34 Jan 40

The effect of aluminum-magnesium hydroxide tablets (800 mg seven times per day) and that of sulpiride, a hypothalamic neurolaptic, were studied in 101 patients with duodenal ulcer in a double-blind controlled 4-wk trial. Significantly more of the patients treated with antacid, sulpiride, or antacid-sulpiride combination showed a greater than 50% reduction in ulcer size than did the patients treated with placebo. However, only in the antacid- and antacid-sulpiride-treated groups did the ulcer, with and without residual inflammation, disappear statistically more often than in the placebo-treated group. Furthermore, only in the antacid-sulpiride-treated group did complete healing, with no trace of inflammation, occur statistically more often than in the placebo-treated group. Disappearance of ulcer pain was likewise statistically more frequent in the antacid-sulpiride group than in the placebo-treated group. Antacid therapy with aluminum-magnesium hydroxide tablets appears to accelerate the rate of ulcer healing. Sulpiride appears to have a minor but definite synergism with antacids. Cigarette smoking affected ulcer healing adversely; on the other hand, factors favorable to healing were the early onset age of ulcer symptoms and acid hypersecretion. Male patients also healed more favorably than females.
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PMID:Treatment of duodenal ulcer with antacid and sulpiride. A double-blind controlled study. 36 65

Severe proximal myopathy associated with hypophosphatemia developed in three patients with chronic renal failure who had been treated with aluminum hydroxide gel. The syndrome was characterized by severe pain, muscular stiffness, and weakness. The illness was originally misdiagnosed both as uremic myopathy and as an exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. In one patient, the correct diagnosis was made when symptomatic relief corresponded to the rise of serum phosphate levels. Discontinuation of antacid therapy was followed by gradual recovery. Oral sodium phosphate brought prompt alleviation of muscular pain and stiffness.
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PMID:Proximal myopathy caused by latrogenic phosphate depletion. 98 96

The purpose of the investigation was clinically, microbiologically and radiologically to assess the effect of calcium hydroxide as a temporary root-filling inserted in the same sitting as root canal debridement in non-vital permanent incisors with mature and immature root, infected or uninfected root canal and with or without radiologically demonstrated periapical bone changes. The material consisted of 141 teeth divided in 3 groups in which mechanical cleansing was accompanied by flushing with sterile saline and sodium hypochlorite solutions giving 0.5% or 5.0% active chlorine, respectively. Microbiological samples were taken from root canals after extirpation of necrotic pulp tissue, after completed cleansing of the root canal and 3 and 6 month after treatment. Results of treatment were evaluated from the radiographs taken before treatment and at the 3 and 6 month follow-ups. Complication, pain and an abscess, occurred in 2 cases, 2 and 5 days, respectively, after treatment. No statistical correlation between occurrence of samples that gave growth, taken from the root canals at 3 (8%) or 6-month control (9%) and 1) bacteriological status of the root canal prior to filling with calcium hydroxide, 2) the development of the root or 3) periapical healing at 3 or 6 month follow-up could be ascertained. Periapical bone healing at the end of 6-months observation period was noted in 61 teeth (46%), regression of periapical bone lesions in 64 (49%) and no periapical healing in 6 (5%). The only difference in healing pattern, statistically significant on 0.1% level, was found in the group of teeth flushed with 5.0% sodium hypochlorite. At 3 month control they showed percentually less cases with regression and more cases with no healing of periapical bone lesions than the teeth in the other two groups. It was concluded that treatment in one sitting can be done routinely, irrespective of the initial status, in all those cases where no other treatment is possible. If the periodontium or the periapical bone are injured during cleansing procedures or if necrotic rests are not pressed out through the apical foramen, no complications after treatment need to be feared.
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PMID:Treatment of non-vital permanent incisors with calcium hydroxide. VI. A clinical, microbiological and radiological evaluation of treatment in one sitting of teeth with mature or immature root. 106 26


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