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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tonsillectomy continues to be a commonly performed operation in the pediatric age group. The postoperative period is often protracted and characterized by throat and ear pain, intermittent fever, foul odor from the oral cavity, and poor oral intake. Consequently, antibiotics are frequently prescribed in an effort to minimize these symptoms and/or avoid complications such as dehydration or secondary infection of the operative site. However, to our knowledge, no study to date has been performed to demonstrate the efficacy of antibiotic therapy in this setting. At the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, a prospective, randomized, double-blind study was undertaken in which ampicillin (or placebo) was administered intravenously at the time of surgery and for 12 to 24 hours postoperatively. The children then continued to receive oral amoxicillin therapy (or placebo) for an additional seven days. The patients were then evaluated for the incidence and severity of postoperative symptoms and complications. Intraoperative cultures of the oropharynx and tonsillar tissue, as well as cultures of the tonsillar fossa, were obtained following completion of one week of therapy. Our results indicate that ampicillin sodium/amoxicillin trihydrate therapy is well tolerated and safe in the nonallergic child and is effective in minimizing fever and other troublesome postoperative symptoms, such as pain, lassitude, mouth odor, and poor oral intake after tonsillectomy.
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PMID:The effect of antibiotic therapy on recovery after tonsillectomy in children. A controlled study. 351 77

A case is described of a 15 years old girl, taken about 40 tablets of retizid, attempting suicide. Pain in epigastrium and elevated temperature occurred on the second day and ESR quickly reached 50/70 mm. Numerous petechial and not complete erosions were established by fiber gastroscopy as well as ulcers all over the stomach with a bigger circulating in the region of antrum-pylorus. The 30-day treatment at the hospital covering a special diet, infusions of glucose with insulin, alvesin, cerucal and ampicillin during the first 10 days and alcid V throughout the treatment, rapidly eliminated the alterations, normalization of ESR and discharge of the patient as healthy on 38th day after the intoxication. The control examination 6 months later gave no pathological changes. It has been concluded that in those cases, changes in the stomach must be searched most actively, best gastroscopically, that should be treated at a hospital and the patients to be subjected to a follow-up care in the gastroenterological consulting rooms for at least 6 months.
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PMID:[Case report on the clinical aspects and treatment of stomach ulcers caused by acute reserpine poisoning]. 359 Jul 19

The characteristics features of right-sided endocarditis are summarized in this case report of a 30-year-old female admitted with a history of high grade, continuous, fever, breathlessness, and dry cough over a 10-day period. The patient had had an incomplete abortion 15 days earlier for which dilatation and curettage was performed. On examination, the patient was toxic, febrile with a pulse of 118/minute and respiration 36/minute. Her blood pressure was 110/70 mm Hg. There was soft, tender hepatomegaly and soft splenomegely. There also were scattered coarse crepitations over both lungs. The vaginal examination revealed posterior fornicial bogginess and tenderness. Urine and cervical pus swab showed growth of klebsiella. The blood culture was negative. A plan chest X-ray revealed multiple, small, basal, pulmonary infiltrates. Posterior colopuncture revealed a small quantity of clear, yellowish fluid. Abdominopelvic ultrasonography revealed an ill-defined haziness in the parauterine region. The patient was treated with ampicillin, gentamycin, and metronidazole, but she continued to deteriorate. An urgent exploratory laparotomy was performed. The patient died on the 2nd postoperative day. The autopsy findings revealed that the heart was normal in size and shape. The tricuspid valve showed a large vegetation projecting into the ventricle. Microscopic examination revealed polymorphonuclear infiltration with clumps of gram-negative bacillifocal areas of myocarditis also were seen. In lungs the right lower lobe showed a small, hemorrhagic infarct. Both the liver and spleen were congested. Kidneys showed multiple petechiae on the external surface and on the cut section. Endocarditis during pregnancy may be because of perinatal infections, urinary tract infection, or septic thrombophlebitis of pelvi veins. Septic abortion of pelvic infection secondary to IUD also can provide portal of entry for bacteria. The common organisms are streptococcus, staphylococci, and occasionally bacteroides and gram negative bacilli. Clinical suspicion of right-sided endocarditis is justified in any patient with prolonged fever, cough, pleuritic pain, tachycardia, and multiple pulmonary infiltrates. Heart murmurs are usually absent and if present are soft and may be heard at atypical sites.
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PMID:Tricuspid valve endocarditis following septic abortion. 371 Oct 12

Clinical effects of spectinomycin (Trobicin, 2 g. i.m., once a day) and ampicillin (1 g/day, p.o., in 4 divided doses, for 2 days) given in combination on acute gonorrhea in female patients were studied, and sensitivity of isolated gonococci to each of these antibiotics was determined. 1. Clinical effects were evaluated by cultures of gonococci from discharge collected at 72 hours after spectinomycin administration and 12 hours after the last dose of ampicillin and both subjective and objective clinical findings. Among 20 cases of gonorrhea treated, 12 cases (60.0%) proved excellent in therapeutic results, 6 cases (30.0%) good, 1 case fair and 1 case produced no response. The success rate comprising excellent and good was 90.0%. The only side effect reported was pain of injection site in 1 case on 3 days after initiation of treatment, but no induration was noted. 2. MICs of spectinomycin and ampicillin for gonococci collected from the 20 cases were determined. Spectinomycin showed MICs of 6.25 approximately 12.5 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml and 3.13 approximately 12.5 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml. These values were below the blood concentration obtained at 6 hours after intramuscular administration of 2 g of spectinomycin. Ampicillin had MICs of 0.1 approximately 25 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml and 0.1 approximately 3.13 micrograms/ml against 10(6) CFU/ml. Five strains, MICs of which were 6.25 approximately 25 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml, were beta-lactamase-producing.
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PMID:[Spectinomycin therapy in combination with ampicillin in female patients with acute gonorrhea]. 621 6

A 22 year old woman was diagnosed as having a Fitz-Hugh and Curtis syndrome (FHCS) or venereal perihepatitis during laparoscopy for investigation of pain in right hypochondrium and fever. Abdominal ultrasonography images presented an unusual appearance suggestive of a perihepatic effusion and of thickening of Glisson's capsule, lesions that were confirmed on laparoscopy. This ultrasound image could not be formally distinguished from a normal variant, but ultrasonography is still a valid method of diagnosis of FHCS. An acute cholecystitis in a young woman should suggest the diagnosis; absence of a right renal, hepatic or gallbladder anomaly should lead to investigation by ultrasound of the possible presence of an abdominal effusion of fluid and pelvic inflammation. Perihepatitis is confirmed on laparoscopy, which also allows sampling for bacteriologic and serologic tests to identify the causal germ: gonococcus and particularly Chlamydia trachomatis. Treatment consists of administration of specific antibiotics (ampicillin or doxycycline).
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PMID:[The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome. Apropos of an unusual hepatic ultrasonic aspect]. 638 9

The evaluation of a 10-day 3 x 800 mg dosage regimen was equivalent for bacampicillin to oral ampicillin therapy (using 3 or 4 g respectively per day) in patients with primary UTI (n = 50) in clinical and bacteriological respect. The cure rate amounted to 69 and 68,4% respectively 2 days after therapy. No differences could be assessed after a 2-, 4- and 6-week period. Frequency of diarrhoea was 3 times as high in the ampicillin group as in the bacampicillin group. The rate of exanthema was also 2,5 times as high. No differences existed between eosinophilia and pain complaints in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 10 patients with liver function disturbances and renal impairment respectively tolerated well bacampicillin treatment. Only in the patients with impaired liver function rise of BUN and urea was found in 3 cases, not related to rise of creatinine.
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PMID:[Bacampicillin in urinary tract infections tolerance in patients with impaired kidney and liver function]. 639 71

The results of two studies on tolerability and efficacy of mezlocillin/oxacillin are reported. The pain caused by i.m. injection of 1 g (20% solution) of the fixed antibiotics combination mezlocillin/oxacillin is compared with that caused by 1 g ampicillin. The injection volume was 5 ml. The statistical analysis of the patients' statements indicates a better tolerance of the fixed antibiotics combination mezlocillin/oxacillin than of ampicillin. The second study was determined the clinical efficacy and tolerability of mezlocillin/oxacillin in the treatment of wound infections, biliary tract infections, urinary tract infections, appendicitis and peritonitis. 19/20 patients were clinically cured after about 7 days o treatment with i.m. injections of 1.5 g mezlocillin/oxacillin in 6 ml of a 25% aqueous solution t.i.d. Treatment had to be discontinued after 3 days in one case because of a generalized exanthema. No other side effects were reported. These studies show that both the i.m. injection o the 20% solution of 1 g mezlocillin/oxacillin combination and the 25% solution of 1.5 g of this combination are tolerated without problems.
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PMID:Fixed combination mezlocillin/oxacillin injected intramuscularly. Comparative study of local tolerability compared with ampicillin and determination of effectiveness and tolerability in the treatment of surgical and urinary tract infections. 644 5

An unusual case of pelvic abscess characterized by a relatively mild clinical course and unusual localization occurred in a previously healthy, married, 26-year old woman with 2 children and 1 previous abortion. The woman was admitted to the hospital for lower abdominal pain of 1 week's duration. A Lippes Loop C inserted 5 years earlier, 4 months after a term delivery, had caused no complications. The last menstrual period was 2 weeks before admission. 1 week before admission lower abdominal cramps and dysuria had started, and nitrofurantoin 400 mg daily was prescribed for suspected urinary tract infection. The patient was hospitalized when the pain worsened. The patient appeared well on admission. Abdominal examination disclosed a very tender suprapubic mass the size of a 14-week pregnancy. Vaginal examination revealed an anterior, normal-sized uterus adherent to the mass. An examination under general anesthesia revealed a 12 cm mass adherent to a normal sized uterus. Multiple adhesions prevented visualization of the pelvic organs during laparoscopy. The IUD was removed and sent for bacteriologic examination. Laparotomy revealed a mass with a diameter of 10 cm located between the bladder and the uterus and adherent to them and to the anterior abdominal wall. The tubes were hyperemic and edematous, and pus was noted in both fimbriae. Both ovaries appeared normal. The mass was excised and a frozen section examination established the diagnosis of an abscess, which was later confirmed by histopathologic examination. A course of intravenous gentamycin, ampicillin, and clindamycin was started. Polymicrobial infection with Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus, coagulase negative, and diptheroids was subsequently established. The postoperative course was uneventful, and physical examination a month later was normal. No explanation of the unusual location of the abscess in the visicouterine space or of the absence of most of the symptoms of an abscess was found.
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PMID:Pelvic abscess associated with a Lippes loop. An unusual case. 663 39

Plasma levels of ampicillin (ABPC) after the single rectal insertion of KS-R1 at doses of 125 and 250 mg in 154 children reached a peak at 11 approximately 15 minutes in children of age less than 1 year old, at 16 approximately 20 minutes in children of 1 approximately 3 years, 4 approximately 6 years and more than 7 years old with the highest levels of 11.50, 8.69, 10.33 and 8.30 micrograms/ml, respectively. Highest plasma levels of ABPC were 6.48, 8.00, 12.32 and 17.83 micrograms/ml by the administration of KS-R1 at doses of less than 10.9 mg/kg, 11.0 approximately 15.9, 16.0 approximately 20.9 mg/kg and more than 21.0 mg/kg, respectively, with dose-dependent response which were observed at 11 approximately 15 minutes or 16 approximately 20 minutes. There was no difference of plasma levels between the administration of 125 and 250 mg of KS-R1. The pain of insertion was observed in 0.6% of total 167 cases, the feeling of defecation in 2.4% and the discharge of suppository or its dissolved material or defecation within 30 minutes after insertion in 12.6%, without the influence of patients ages and dosage level. These figures were almost the same as those after the insertion of other suppositories such as erythromycin suppository or antipyretic suppository. Clinical effectiveness of KS-R1 was examined in 51 childish patients with various infections. KS-R1 was rectally given to them at doses of average 41.6 mg/kg/day divided into 3 to 4 times for 7 days. All cases showed excellent and good effects. Bacteriologically, all pathogens which were isolated from 12 patients were eradicated.
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PMID:[Experimental and clinical evaluation of an ampicillin suppository (KS-R1) in children]. 665 21

The relative bioavailability of bacampicillin hydrochloride, a pro-drug of ampicillin, was compared after rectal and oral administration. Bacampicillin was administered rectally as a microenema . The oral formulation was an aqueous microcapsule suspension. They were given as single doses of 400 mg to 12 healthy volunteers after overnight fasting using a randomized cross-over design. Ampicillin and bacampicillin were determined in plasma and blood, respectively, using HPLC. Bacampicillin was rapidly absorbed from the rectum but to a much smaller degree compared to the oral dose. The median t-max was 0.5 and 0.75 h after the rectal and oral doses, respectively. The mean (SD) Cp-max was 1.2 (0.33) mg/l after rectal and 4.8 (0.98) mg/l after oral administration, respectively. Blood concentrations of bacampicillin were extremely low or undetectable with no indication of differences between the two modes of administration. The 95% confidence limits for the relative bioavailability of the microenema were 22.4-39.2 and 22.5-40.4% based on area under the plasma concentration time curve and urinary recovery, respectively. The rectal dose was followed by distress, diarrhea or pain, in 7 subjects. There were no adverse reactions after the oral dose. Bacampicillin was unaffected by beta-lactamases produced by intestinal bacteria.
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PMID:Rectal bioavailability of bacampicillin hydrochloride in man as determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. 673 4


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