Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Estimates were carried out on the clinical and bacteriological efficacy of an intramuscular combination of sulbactam/ampicillin, together with an assessment of its tolerability and safety in the treatment of gynaecological and obstetric infections. A total of 30 women with pelvic inflammatory disease, wound infections, vaginitis and puerperal sepsis received an intramuscular combination of sulbactam/ampicillin in a total daily dose of 1.5 g for between 3 and 7 days. Clinical cure and improvement were achieved in 27 (90%) cases but there was no response in three (10%) cases. No side-effects were seen in 29 (97%) cases, whereas tolerable local injection site pain was reported in one case. The safety of the sulbactam/ampicillin antibiotic combination was evident in all the cases studied, as there was no significant difference between the means of laboratory tests before and after therapy of blood and renal measures.
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PMID:Intramuscular sulbactam/ampicillin combination therapy in gynaecological and obstetric bacterial infections. 206 Jun 93

In this review, the principal drugs used for prevention and treatment of pain--analgesics, and swelling--antibiotics, are examined. The rationale for prevention of pain and swelling is given. Then the specific drugs are considered. The analgesics evaluated include: the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, diflunisal); and the narcotics (e.g., codeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, meperidine). The antibiotics evaluated include: the penicillins (e.g., penicillin V, ampicillin, methicillin); the cephalosporins (e.g., cephalexin, cefadroxil); the erythromycins (e.g., erythromycin stearate, erythromycin base); clindamycin; metronidazole; and some rarely used drugs (e.g., ciprofloxacin).
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PMID:Use of analgesics and antibiotics in endodontics: current concepts. 208 52

A single, selective study was performed in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cefotetan in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (UTI). Of 34 pre-treatment isolated strains, 60% were pluri-resistant to other antibiotics (ampicillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefalotin, aztreonam) but only 21.2% to cefotetan. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterococci were resistant to cefotetan. Escherichia coli was the common strain isolated (50%). Nineteen adult patients, with complicated UTI caused by sensitive organisms, were treated with a 1 g intramuscular (i.m.) daily dose. Duration of treatment ranged from 5-15 days, with a mean of 13.75 days. Within 24-48 h and 30 days post-therapy, the infection was cured in 84% and 52% of patients, respectively. Reinfection, relapse or super-infection occurred in 42% of the cases. In only one patient, the infecting organism did not respond to treatment. The clinical response was evaluated in only seven patients with symptomatic UTI. Six of them (85.7%) were cured after therapy and the cure persisted at follow-up. In most cases, the adverse reactions were local, mild and negligible. In only 15.8% and 10.5% of patients, side-effects (diarrhoea, headache, abdominal pain, tachycardia, chill, pain and erythema in the injection site) were severe and moderate. In these cases, the adverse reactions were reversible when the therapy was discontinued. The relationship between treatment and side-effects was doubtful in two cases. It is concluded that cefotetan, administered at 1 g i.m. daily dose, is effective in treating complicated UTI caused by sensitive organisms, pluri-resistant to other antibiotics.
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PMID:Efficacy and safety of cefotetan in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections: clinical experience in a selective and single study. 259 2

A 10-cm-long longitudinal tear in the middle third of the oesophagus--with intact deeper muscle layers--was found endoscopically in a 52-year-old alcoholic man who had developed acute retrosternal pain after severe vomiting. There was a leukocytosis of 16,700/microliters and fever of 38.8 degrees C. Because of the diagnosis of incomplete spontaneous oesophageal rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) he was fed parenterally, a gastric tube was placed, and he received three times daily 2 g ampicillin, twice daily 80 mg gentamicin and 1.2 g cimetidine. The fever disappeared after 24 hours and the leukocytosis regressed after four days. At repeat endoscopy after 16 days the tear had healed completely.
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PMID:[Boerhaave syndrome. The differential diagnosis of acute retrosternal pain]. 275 20

Fifty-four patients were treated with intravenous ampicillin and sulbactam in an open study of intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal infection. Thirty-one were treated with 500 mg each of the combination 6-hourly while 23 patients were given 1 g of ampicillin and 500 mg of sulbactam, 6-hourly. Thirteen of fourteen (93%) patients with severe respiratory tract infection and 22/26 (85%) patients in the intra-abdominal infection group responded clinically and bacteriologically. Seven patients with clinical sepsis (but not confirmed bacteriologically) improved on therapy. 50/55 (91%) clinical isolates from this study were eliminated. An increase in MIC was found in two cases. There were minimal side effects, pain at site of injection being the commonest complaint.
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PMID:A non-comparative study of parenteral ampicillin and sulbactam in intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal infections. 300 84

The efficacy and safety of sulbactam/ampicillin has been evaluated in 39 studies of therapeutic use and six studies of prophylaxis. Studies of therapy were conducted in 899 patients: 751 seriously ill, many of whom had multiple concurrent diseases, and 148 with gonorrhea. Overall clinical and bacteriologic success was achieved in 92% of assessable cases; 88% of 768 pathogens in these patients were eradicated. Of these pathogens, 43% were resistant to ampicillin; eradication rates of 91% and 85% were achieved in ampicillin-resistant and ampicillin-sensitive organisms, respectively. In 388 patients who received prophylactic sulbactam/ampicillin, efficacy was similar to that of comparative agents and better than that of a placebo in preventing wound infections after appendiceal, biliary, upper-gastrointestinal, or gynecologic surgery. Adverse reactions were infrequent with the exception of injection-site pain, which occurred mainly after intramuscular injection and was reduced in incidence by concurrent administration of lidocaine.
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PMID:Sulbactam plus ampicillin: interim review of efficacy and safety for therapeutic and prophylactic use. 302 19

Sulbactam is a new beta-lactamase inhibitor with pharmacokinetic characteristics in humans similar to those of ampicillin. A total of 41 patients hospitalized in the Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples, for chronic liver diseases, were treated with sulbactam/ampicillin (ratio 1:2) for urinary, respiratory, biliary tract or soft tissue infections. Sulbactam/ampicillin was administered im or iv at a dosage of 3-9 g/day depending on the site and severity of the infection. All the patients treated with sulbactam/ampicillin had clinical signs and symptoms of infection, and all the organisms isolated were sensitive to sulbactam/ampicillin (MIC less than 16 mg/l). For both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria the sulbactam/ampicillin MICs were much lower than the ampicillin MICs. In agreement with the favourable in-vitro results, we observed good therapeutic efficacy. 85% of the patients recovered or improved within a few days of therapy, with no clinical relapses, and in 81% of the infections the responsible bacteria were completely eradicated. We observed a low number of side effects (3/41 oral candidosis; 3/41 pain at the im injection site) and no change in the blood chemistry tests.
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PMID:Clinical efficacy and safety of sulbactam/ampicillin in patients suffering from chronic liver disease. 303 50

The increasing number of beta-lactam antibiotic-resistant infections has led to the development of an alternative treatment: the combination of a beta-lactam antibiotic with an irreversible, suicide-type, beta-lactamase inhibitor. Such a combination, sulbactam/ampicillin, was used in clinical trials at 4 European and 1 American centres to treat severely ill patients with lower respiratory tract infections including bronchiectasis, pneumonia and purulent tracheobronchitis. The sulbactam/ampicillin combination was assessed for safety, efficacy and tolerance in a total of 91 patients. Investigators from all 5 centres reported satisfactory bacteriological and clinical results. The combination agent either cured or improved the condition of virtually all patients who were evaluated. The few side effects reported mainly involved pain at the injection site. A review of these studies indicates that therapy with sulbactam/ampicillin effectively treats lower respiratory tract infections in severely ill patients without causing serious adverse reactions.
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PMID:Sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of lower respiratory infections. 306 54

Physicians treated a 37 year old man, who 5 years earlier had a successful vasectomy reversal, with a 24 hour history of intense left testicular pain, rigors, and pain and difficulty in urinating. Prior to these symptoms, he noted a mild, transient urethral discharge. Upon examination, physicians noted a fever of 38.5 degrees Celsius and swelling and tenderness around the left testis extending towards the groin. Pus cells existed in the urine, but no organism was found. While operating on the scrotal sac, physicians observed severe epididymitis which extended to the vasovasostomy site where a firm granuloma existed. The testis itself seemed fine. Blood cultures taken on admission revealed Haemophilus influenzae (non capsulate, biotype II) and ampicillin was administered intravenously. This case's physicians have not heard of any previous reported severe infection of a vasovasostomy site with bacteremia. Generally, granuloma formation after a vasovasostomy is caused by sperm leakage and represents an inflammatory response often resulting in obstruction. This may predispose the site to infection. Haemophilus influenzae rarely causes epididymo-vasitis but perhaps non capsulated strains possess an increased ability to evade host defenses, especially in a vasovasostomy granuloma, a damaged tissue.
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PMID:Epididymo-vasitis associated with previous reversal of sterilisation. 340 94

An open, controlled, completely randomized between-patients study was carried out on 41 patients with chronic pharyngitis in the acute phase. The study was divided in two parts. In the first one the effect of a single flurbiprofen rectal dose was studied in 10 patients: 5 treated with flurbiprofen (120 mg) and 5 with flurbiprofen (100 mg) plus oral ampicillin (500 mg). In the second part 31 patients were treated with flurbiprofen (200 mg/day) for 4 weeks; 18 out of 31 were also treated with ampicillin (1 g/day) for the first week. The mean age was approximately 53 years in the single dose study and 40 days in the long-term one. Flurbiprofen alone allowed an excellent control of pain and of signs of inflammations equivalent to the one obtained in combination with ampicillin but without exposing the patients to the risks of the undesired effects of antibiotics.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of flurbiprofen alone and plus ampicillin in chronic pharyngitis in acute phase. 351 95


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