Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a preliminary pilot study, the effect of disoprivan for sedation during regional anesthesia was investigated. In 15 patients (ASA I or II), lumbar epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine 0.75% was performed at L 3/4. For premedication morphine or pethidine combined with scopolamine was given. After injection of the local anesthetic, a 30-min period was allowed for establishing the physiological side effects of epidural blockade, to present any further changes in circulatory and/or cardiac function. Disoprivan (1 mg/kg body weight) was injected i.v. followed by continuous disoprivan infusion. Three groups of 5 patients each were given 1, 1.5, or 2 mg/kg per hour disoprivan. Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate were studied. Recovery time and personal assessment of sleep were registered. Side-effects of clinical relevance from the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems were also registered. A dose-dependent upper airway obstruction that could easily be managed by an oral or nasal airway was seen in 9 of 15 patients. Eight patients had postoperative nausea or vomiting; 9 complained of pain during the bolus injection that they could not remember postoperatively. All patients described their sleep as pleasant. Recovery time from sleep was between 1 and 12 min. All changes from normal values increased in percentage with increasing disoprivan dosage. Disoprivan (1 or 1.5 mg/kg per hour) seems to be excellent for sedation during regional anesthesia and is perhaps even superior to other available drugs.
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PMID:[Disoprivan (Propofol) sedation during regional anesthesia. A pilot study]. 325 31

Disoprofol has been used to induce and, by continuous infusion, to maintain a light level of general anaesthesia in 100 patients undergoing surgery with the aid of a regional block. Its effects have been compared with 100 patients anaesthetised in a similar manner with Althesin. Disoprofol proved to be a very satisfactory agent for use by this method and apart from an appreciable incidence of pain on injection the number of complications was small and comparable to those found with Althesin, which caused more involuntary movements. Recovery was particularly rapid and clear-headed following disoprofol, and occurred highly significantly more quickly than after Althesin. Disoprofol, however, will not be marketed in the present formulation which has Cremophor EL as the solubilising agent.
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PMID:Continuous intravenous infusion of disoprofol (ICI 35868, Diprivan). Comparison with Althesin to cover surgery under local analgesia. 697 52

The duration of sleep following intravenous administration of three doses of disoprofol (1.2 and 3 mg/kg) was compared with that following methohexione 1 or 2 mg/kg. Disoprofol and methohexitone were shown to be approximately equipotent. Side-effects were dose-related for both drugs, but the incidence was significantly less following disoprofol than methohexitone 2 mg/kg. The most frequent side-effects were pain on injection, myoclonia and hiccup. Studies of blood concentrations of disoprofol show that the profile is dose-independent and conforms to a two-compartment model with a very short distribution phase (about 2 minutes) and short elimination phase (about 70 minutes). Waking blood levels gave no indication of acute tolerance. Disoprofol would appear to be particularly useful for induction of a short period of sleep using a small dose given quickly, or for maintenance of sleep by continuous infusion.
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PMID:Dose-response relationship for disoprofol (ICI 35868; Diprivan). Comparison with methohexitone. 703 Jan 20

Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings performed in piglets during Trapanal anaesthesia showed distinct changes in bioelectrical brain activity in some piglets when castration was carried out. Only an additional extradural anaesthesia seemed to interrupt the transmission of peripheral pain stimuli to the central nervous system. Based on the protocol used EEG did not reveal a marked response to noxious stimulation. Castration of piglets up to two weeks of age were performed during general anaesthesia with Trapanal or Disoprivan or local anaesthesia with Hostacain or without any anaesthesia. The different modes of anaesthesia have had no effects to postoperative wound healing and weight gain between groups as well as between males and females within single groups. With regard to insufficient analgesia and/or partially extreme secondary effects the application of investigated anaesthetic methods on the occasion of castration of piglets is not justifiable at present. Castration in piglets up to an age of two month without anaesthesia is allowed by the animal protection law. However, due to improved wound healing and decreased response to surgical stimulus we suggest to perform castration during the first 10 days after delivery.
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PMID:[Piglet castration--pain sensation and pain elimination]. 820 50

We compared the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety profile of a new galenic formulation of propofol (AM149 1%), which does not contain soyabean oil, with a standard formulation of propofol (Disoprivan 1%). In a randomised, double-blind, cross-over study, 30 healthy volunteers received a single intravenous bolus injection of 2.5 mg.kg-1 propofol. Plasma propofol levels were measured for 48 h following drug administration and evaluated according to a three-compartment model. The pharmacodynamic parameters assessed included induction and emergence times, respiratory and cardiovascular effects, and pain on injection. Patients were monitored for side effects over 48 h. Owing to a high incidence of thrombophlebitis, the study was terminated prematurely and only the data of the two parallel treatment groups (15 patients in each group) were analysed. Plasma concentrations did not differ significantly between the two formulations. Anaesthesia induction and emergence times, respiratory and cardiovascular variables showed no significant differences between the two treatment groups. Pain on injection (80 vs. 20%, p < 0.01) and thrombophlebitis (93.3 vs. 6.6%, p < 0.001) occurred more frequently with AM149 than with Disoprivan. Although both formulations had similar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles the new formulation is not suitable for clinical use due to the high incidence of thrombophlebitis produced.
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PMID:Pharmacological characteristics and side effects of a new galenic formulation of propofol without soyabean oil. 1461 90