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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the last 4 years three so-called spontaneous perforations of the oesophagus were treated, twice by surgical intervention 12 anys after the rupture. Two patients survived. The classical history of retching or vomiting and retrosternal splitting pain is indicative, wht medium, amidotrizoate sodium (Gastrografin), from the oesophagus. Prognosis depends decisively on the time of operation after the rupture. Direct suture of the rupture with plastic coverage of the defect by sewing on of the gastric fundus or by plication of the fundus have proved valuable.
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PMID:[Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus (author's transl)]. 99 58

A rare complication of splenectomy is gastric perforation and fistula. Patients with this complication often complain of pain in the left upper quadrant and left shoulder, and of fever, tachycardia and upper abdominal tenderness. Chest radiographs often show a pleural effusion in the left hemithorax. Patients usually exhibit increased drainage from the tube in the left upper quadrant or a collection of fluid in the left subphrenic space. The diagnosis can be confirmed by radiography after ingestion of meglumine diatrizoate (Gastrografin). Treatment by nasogastric suction and adequate drainage of the left subphrenic space allows some of these fistulas to close. In some cases operative closure is necessary. With appropriate treatment, 75% of these patients can be expected to recover.
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PMID:Gastric perforation as a complication of splenectomy: report of five cases and review of the literature. 202 7

Unrecognized abdominal injury remains a distressingly frequent cause of preventable death following blunt trauma. Peritoneal signs are often subtle, overshadowed by pain from associated injury, and masked by head trauma or intoxicants. The initial management of the patient with blunt abdominal trauma should parallel the primary survey of airway, breathing, and circulation. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage remains the cornerstone of triage in patients with life-threatening blunt abdominal trauma. The only absolute contraindication to the procedure is an existing indication for laparotomy. Computed tomography is useful as a complementary diagnostic tool in selected patients, and it is the critical test for guiding nonoperative management of known intraperitoneal trauma. Routine ancillary tests for potentially occult injuries include nasogastric-tube placement for ruptures of the left diaphragm, Gastrografin contrast study for duodenum perforation, and pyelography for urologic injury. Ultrasonography may become a valuable tool in the initial assessment of the injured abdomen. Ultimately, the most important principle in the management of blunt abdominal trauma is repeat physical examination by an experienced surgeon.
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PMID:Initial evaluation of the patient with blunt abdominal trauma. 219 Mar 30

The filterability rate of whole blood, the red and white blood cell sub-populations, and the erythrocyte and leucocyte count variations were studied during exercise in 20 male non-diabetic smokers, all with Stage II peripheral vascular disease (PVD), and 20 matched controls. A controlled ischaemia was induced using treadmill exercise. Blood samples were taken at rest, at the onset of calf pain and at haemodynamic recovery from peak exercise. Leucocytes were counted, separated using Ficoll-Hypaque into their sub-populations by centrifugation, and adherence to Petri dishes, re-suspended in buffer and filtered through 5 micron pore diameter filters. Whole blood filterability and the leucocyte count were significantly increased at the onset of calf pain. A significant increase was observed in the filterability of the monocyte sub-fraction and this persisted throughout the recovery period.
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PMID:Blood rheology during induced ischaemia of the lower limbs. 231 21

Whole blood filterability and leucocyte behaviour (number, activation, and subfraction filterability rates) were monitored at the earliest stage of peripheral ischaemia in 18 patients with stage II peripheral occlusive arterial disease (PAOD) and 20 matched controls. A model of controlled ischaemia, using exercise to stress leg circulation, was set up and blood samples were taken before exercise, at the onset of calf pain, and at recovery from peak exercise. Leucocytes were counted, separated into their subfractions on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient and by adhesion to Petri dishes, and filtered in buffer (like the whole blood suspensions) through 5 microns pore diameter Nucleopore filters. Unfractionated white cells, separated under gravity, with pseudopodia or cytoplasmic irregularities were regarded as activated. The whole blood filterability rate was significantly increased at the onset of calf pain and was associated with significant increases in the number of leucocytes and in the filterability rate of the monocyte subfraction, the latter persisting throughout the recovery period. No significant changes were observed in the other variables monitored, showing that impairments in white cell rheology may be associated with ischaemia.
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PMID:Leucocyte behaviour in controlled ischaemia of the calves. 258 8

Decreasing or alleviating pain experienced by some patients during or after temporomandibular arthrography would make this relatively inexpensive and highly accurate technique more attractive. This is particularly true for those patients without access to MR or those whose referring physicians prefer arthrography to other techniques for diagnosing internal derangements. Ionic and nonionic contrast agents were compared in a randomized, double-blind trial to determine if pain could be decreased by using a nonionic contrast material. Forty patients received either Omnipaque 300 (nonionic, iohexol) or Hypaque 60 (ionic, diatrizoate meglumine). Radiographs were assessed for diagnostic quality, and patients were asked to note their level of discomfort. No significant differences between the agents were detected. Maximal discomfort was noted at 24 hr. Discomfort was classified as none, mild, or moderate, with no patients describing marked discomfort. This study does not support the use of nonionic contrast agents over the less expensive ionic agents for decreasing pain or improving film quality in temporomandibular joint arthrography.
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PMID:Comparison of omnipaque with hypaque in temporomandibular arthrography. 281 36

The safety and efficacy of sodium and meglumine ioxaglate (Hexabrix, Mallinckrodt, Inc., St. Louis, MO), a new low-osmolality contrast agent, and Hypaque Meglumine 60% (Wintrop-Breon, Inc., New York, NY) were compared for contrast-enhanced computed cranial tomographic scanning. Fifty-two patients with possible enhancing lesions of the brain received a total of 59 injections of either Hexabrix or Hypaque M60 in a double-blind, randomized fashion. Hexabrix was superior to Hypaque M60 in both subjective and objective patient tolerance. A lower incidence of heat and pain in patients receiving Hexabrix was believed to be related to its lower osmolality. Lesion enhancement with both Hexabrix and Hypaque M60 was excellent. There was a statistically significant increase in the degree of enhancement immediately after injection with Hexabrix. Hexabrix had less effect on the cardiovascular system than Hypaque M60. No neurologic complications or adverse reactions requiring treatment occurred in either group. Hexabrix is a suitable agent for intravenous contrast-enhancement for cranial CT.
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PMID:Safety and efficacy of sodium and meglumine ioxaglate (Hexabrix) and Hypaque M60% in contrast-enhanced computed cranial tomographic scanning. A double-blind clinical study. 354 85

A double-blind, randomized study was performed to compare discomfort and pain associated with the use of iopamidol and Hypaque (diatrizoate sodium and diatrizoate meglumine) during iliofemoral runoff arteriography in 33 patients. Iopamidol caused substantially less discomfort and pain. The evaluation was helped by audiotaping the study and comparing patients' vocal responses to injections of these materials.
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PMID:Iopamidol arteriography: discomfort and pain. 389 14

Bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMI) arthrography was performed in 31 healthy subjects to determine the prevalence and degree of postprocedural pain and to establish if morbidity could be decreased by use of a nonionic contrast agent. Ionic contrast material (Hypaque 60%) was injected on one side and nonionic contrast material (Amipaque) on the other side. The pain experienced in the 5 days following arthrography was graded and recorded. Discomfort, when present, was described as mild or moderate and usually lasted for 2 days after the procedure. In no instance was the pain considered severe. There was significantly less pain on the side that was injected with nonionic contrast material. The invasiveness of the examination should not be a deterrent since discomfort from TMJ arthrography is minimal when performed by an experienced arthrographer; use of a nonionic contrast agent can further decrease the pain.
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PMID:Temporomandibular joint arthrography of normal subjects: prevalence of pain with ionic versus nonionic contrast agents. 402 51

A 31 year old male presented with high grade fever and abdominal pain of 20 days duration. At the age of 9 he had been operated on for a solitary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst and had been asymptomatic until the age of 21 when he sustained a blunt injury to the abdomen. An exploratory laparotomy for splenic rupture revealed multiple intra-abdominal hydatid cysts, which were removed. The patient remained well until the present episode. An ultrasound examination revealed multiple intra-abdominal hydatid cysts. Seven days after admission, the patient developed hydatidemesis (hydatid cysts and membranes in the vomitus) and hydatidenteria (passage of hydatid membranes in the stools), and his pain and fever subsided. A Gastrografin study and a computerized tomography (CT) scan revealed hydatid cysts communicating with the stomach and duodenum. In view of his disseminated recurrent abdominal hydatidosis, he was treated with high dose, long-term albendazole along with regular follow up. This is the first documented case of disseminated abdominal hydatidosis presenting with a cystogastric fistula and hydatidemesis.
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PMID:Hydatidemesis: a bizarre presentation of abdominal hydatidosis. 849 23


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