Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether vaginal electrical stimulation using Conmax and Medicon MS-105 causes pelvic floor muscle contraction. In addition, pain and discomfort described by the participants were registered. Nine women, mean age 37.7 years (range 24-54) participated in the study; five healthy physio-therapists and four patients with diagnosed genuine stress incontinence. All the participants used Conmax and Medicon MS-105 with 10, 20 and 50 Hz in random order. The women increased the current step by step to tolerance level. Two physiotherapists were observing the perineum and notified whether a correct contraction was occurring. The participants reported whether there was a correct contraction of the pelvic floor and described pain and discomfort, classified according to McGill Pain Questionnaire. The results demonstrated that a correct contraction was reported and observed in only one of nine women. Electrical stimulation with all frequencies caused pain and discomfort in all women.
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PMID:Does vaginal electrical stimulation cause pelvic floor muscle contraction? A pilot study. 890 63

The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of voluntary pelvic floor muscle (FFM) contraction and vaginal electrical stimulation on urethral pressure. Twelve women with genuine stress incontinence, mean age 49.4 years (range 33-66) participated in the study. The urethral and bladder pressures were recorded simultaneously through a double-lumen 8 Ch catheter. The patients first performed three voluntary PFM contractions. Then two electrical stimulators, Conmax and Medicon MS 105, 50 Hz, were used in random order. A visual analog scale was used to measure pain and discomfort. Pain was reported to mean 6.8, SEM 0.64 (range 0.7-9.9) and mean 6.1, SEM 0.81 (range 0-9.1) with Conmax and Medicon MS 105, respectively. The mean paired difference in favor of voluntary contraction with Conmax was -8.0, SD 6.7, P = 0.0067, and with Medicon MS 105 it was -12.2, SD 5.9, P = 0.0022. The results demonstrated that voluntary PFM contraction increased urethral pressure significantly more than did vaginal electrical stimulation.
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PMID:Change in urethral pressure during voluntary pelvic floor muscle contraction and vaginal electrical stimulation. 955 99

The effects of dextrometorphan and its metabolite dextrorphan on nicotine-induced antinociception in two acute thermal pain assays after systematic administration were evaluated in mice and compared with that of mecamylamine. Dextrometorphan and dextrorphan were found to block nicotine's antinociception in the tail-flick and hot-plate tests with different potencies (dextrometorphan is 10 times more potent than its metabolite). This blockade was not due to antagonism of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and/or interaction with opiate receptors, since selective drugs of these receptors failed to block nicotine's analgesic effects. Our results with the tail-flick and hot-plate tests showed an interesting in vivo functional selectivity for dextrometorphan over dextrorphan. In oocytes expressing various neuronal acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (nAChR), dextrometorphan and dextrorphan blocked nicotine activation of expressed alpha(3)beta(4), alpha(4)beta(2), and alpha(7) subtypes with a small degree of selectivity. However, the in vivo antagonistic potency of dextrometorphan and dextrorphan in the pain tests does not correlate well with their in vitro blockade potency at expressed nAChR subtypes. Furthermore, the apparent in vivo selectivity of dextrometorphan over dextrorphan is not related to its in vitro potency and does suggest the involvement of other mechanisms. In that respect, dextrometorphan seems to behave as another mecamylamine, a noncompetitive nicotinic receptor antagonist with a preferential activity to alpha(3)beta(4)(*) neuronal nAChR subtypes.
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PMID:Effect of dextrometorphan and dextrorphan on nicotine and neuronal nicotinic receptors: in vitro and in vivo selectivity. 1535 18