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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Breast pain is a common, often distressing problem among women. After significant disease is ruled out, most patients respond to simple reassurance. Others, however, require treatment because symptoms interfere with their lifestyle. The authors offer practical suggestions for tailoring treatment for these patients according to type of pain--cyclical mastalgia, non-cyclical mastalgia, or chest wall pain.
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PMID:Mastalgia. Tailoring treatment to type of breast pain. 938 40

The aim of study presented here was to gather the data about the tolerability and efficacy of Vitex agnus castus (VACS) extract. The study was designed as double-blind, placebo controlled in two parallel groups (each 50 patients). Treatment phase lasted 3 consequent menstrual cycles (2 x 30 drops/day = 1.8 ml of VASC) or placebo. Mastalgia during at least 5 days of the cycle before the treatment was the strict inclusion condition. For assessment of the efficacy visual analogue scale was used. Altogether 97 patients were included into the statistical analysis (VACS: n = 48, placebo: n = 49). Intensity of breast pain diminished quicker with VACS group. The tolerability was satisfactory. We found VACS to be useful in the treatment of cyclical breast pain in women.
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PMID:[Treatment of cyclical mastodynia using an extract of Vitex agnus castus: results of a double-blind comparison with a placebo]. 981 96

Mastalgia is a common condition in women of reproductive years. We have assessed the long-term course in patients with severe mastalgia by distributing a postal questionnaire to 212 patients previously studied in 1983 who had attended the mastalgia clinic at the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff. 175 patients (83%) responded, with an original diagnosis of cyclical mastalgia (CM) in 120 and non-cyclical mastalgia (NCM) in 55. The median age of onset of breast pain was 36 years (range 12-63 years). The average duration of pain was long (median 12 years), especially if it started in the second or third decade of life. Pain persisted in 68 (57%) of CM and 35 (64%) of NCM patients. In CM patients resolution was commonly associated with a 'hormonal' event, notably the menopause; in NCM patients it more often seemed to be spontaneous. Severe mastalgia ran a chronic relapsing course often requiring repeated drug treatments.
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PMID:The long-term course of mastalgia. 1032 86

Breast pain is common during exercise, occurring in up to 56% of subjects in some surveys. This pain is mainly associated with the movement of breast tissue. In an attempt to analyse this movement and the resulting pain, the movement of the female breast tissue was quantified in four conditions of breast support ("sports bra", "fashion bra", "crop top" and bare breasted) during four different activities (running, jogging, aerobics march and walking). These activities represented general patterns of exercise for adult females in Australian society. All three subjects were healthy, active, young women of varying breast size (12B, 14B & 14C) that were typical of young women. Two of the subjects had noted breast pain whilst exercising. The results showed that wearing external support for the breast tissue reduced absolute vertical movement and maximum downward deceleration force on the breast. Support also reduced perceived pain. When compared to other forms of breast support a "sports bra" (brassiere designed for breast support whilst exercising) provided superior support for the breast in relation to the amplitude of movement, deceleration forces on the breast, and perceived pain. The data indicates that adult females should wear appropriate breast support to reduce perceived breast discomfort or pain. Of the three garments examined in this study, the fitted sports bra provided superior support and pain reduction.
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PMID:An analysis of movement and discomfort of the female breast during exercise and the effects of breast support in three cases. 1047 77

Approximately 8-10% of premenopausal women experience moderate to severe perimenstrual breast pain or cyclical mastalgia, monthly. This mastalgia can occur regularly for years until menopause, can interfere with usual activities, and is associated with elevated utilization of mammography among young women. Although mastalgia is a well documented symptom in premenstrual syndrome (PMS), it is unknown whether PMS is necessarily present in women with cyclical mastalgia. The present study prospectively examined mastalgia and its relationship to PMS. Thirty-two premenopausal women reporting recent mastalgia completed breast pain and menstrual symptom scales daily for 3-6 months. Eleven women (34.4%) met criteria for clinically significant cyclical mastalgia, reporting an average of 10.2 days of moderate-severe mastalgia monthly. Five women (15.6%) met criteria for PMS. Mastalgia was not significantly associated with PMS: 82% of women with clinical cyclical mastalgia did not have PMS. Cyclical mastalgia, although by definition associated with the menstrual cycle, is not simply premenstrual syndrome, and merits further investigation as a recurrent pain disorder whose presentation, etiology, and effective treatment are likely to differ from those of PMS.
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PMID:Cyclical mastalgia: premenstrual syndrome or recurrent pain disorder? 1065 54

The most common breast problems for which women consult a physician are breast pain, nipple discharge and a palpable mass. Most women with these complaints have benign breast disease. Breast pain alone is rarely a presenting symptom of cancer, and imaging studies should be reserved for use in women who fall within usual screening guidelines. A nipple discharge can be characterized as physiologic or pathologic based on the findings of the history and physical examination. A pathologic discharge is an indication for terminal duct excision. A dominant breast mass requires histologic diagnosis. A breast cyst can be diagnosed and treated by aspiration. The management of a solid mass depends on the degree of clinical suspicion and the patient's age.
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PMID:The evaluation of common breast problems. 1079 75

Mastalgia is a common problem among premenopausal women, and those with severe and protracted symptoms merit treatment. A range of non-hormonal and hormonal agents is available for symptom control among mastalgia sufferers but many are ineffective. Tamoxifen is the most effective and least toxic agent available for the treatment of severe chronic breast pain. Dosage with tamoxifen must be tailored to individual patient requirement and symptom control balanced against troublesome side-effects.
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PMID:Management of breast pain. 1091 11

Mastalgia, defined as breast pain, is a common, often distressing complaint among women. It is the most common breast-related complaint in primary care clinics, with a prevalence in working women of approximately 66%. An underlying fear of breast cancer is what prompts these patients to seek health care. A comprehensive history and thorough clinical breast exam is essential to evaluation. Once significant breast disease is ruled out, the majority of these patients respond to simple reassurance.
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PMID:Mastalgia: evaluation and management. 1122 18

A 54-year-old patient with myotonic dystrophy presented unilateral painful gynecomastia, which occurred 3 months after aggravation of diabetes mellitus. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were slightly high. LH was elevated than 2 years before. Breast pain and gynecomastia disappeared by daily administration of 10 mg tamoxifen. He could not have intramuscular injection therapy because of marked muscle atrophy. Painful gynecomastia may be one of the endocrine complications in myotonic dystrophy.
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PMID:[Painful unilateral gynecomastia in a patient with myotonic dystrophy]. 1129 73

Benign breast disorders (BBD), classified by the ANDI system (aberrations of normal development and involution), constitute the major workload in breast clinics. Breast pain (mastalgia) is classified as cyclical, and non-cyclical extramammary causes such as ribircage pain have to be identified. Most patients need reassurance alone but those with moderate/severe pain present for > 6 months may need treatment: randomised trials have shown danazol, bromocriptine and tamoxifen to be effective. Fibroadenoma is the commonest benign solid lump in women aged 15-30 years. The diagnosis must be confirmed by triple assessment. Cysts occur usually in women of middle to late reproductive life. After ultrasound has confirmed the lump as cystic, it can be aspirated. Nipple discharge should be tested for the presence of haemoglobin (Hb). Those with HB+ discharge may require microdochectomy for treatment and diagnosis, common causes being duct papilloma and duct ectasia. Breast abscesses may occur during lactation or in women with duct ectasia and are treated by incision or aspiration together with antibiotics.
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PMID:Benign breast disease. 1159 56


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