Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Blood flow changes caused by endurance of voluntary isometric muscle contraction and the sufficiency of flow during contraction were assessed by measuring 133Xe clearance. Aiming at 50% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), 9 healthy persons sustained biting in the intercuspal position (ICP group) at an actual medium EMG activity level of 55% MVC, while receiving a visual feedback of the average-integrated EMG activity. Eleven persons sustained unilateral biting (UBF group) on a force transducer at 40% MVC, receiving feedback of the force output. The significantly lower % MVC for the UBF group was due in part to a decrease in the EMG activity during endurance, while force was constant. Blood flow changes over time were significant; however, the changes differed significantly between groups during endurance: the ICP group had a median reduction in blood flow to 0.4 of the initial resting value, and the UBF group had a 0.2-fold median increase. Following endurance, flow changes integrated over 3 minutes were about 43-fold the initial resting values of both groups. This similarity was probably a result of their equivalent effort. The endurance flow accounted for 1% of the total change for the ICP group and 5% for the UBF group. Overall, the proportion of the total flow that took place during endurance decreased logarithmically with greater level of contraction and masseter effort. Therefore, sufficiency of blood flow to maintain muscle fibre homeostasis is less when the rate of metabolic turnover is greater, thus contributing to an earlier onset of masseter fatigue, pain and exhaustion at high contraction levels.
 ...
PMID:The sufficiency of blood flow in human masseter muscle during endurance of biting in the intercuspal position and on a force transducer. 263 78

The thesis develops an electromyographic (EMG) method to quantify maximum voluntary teeth clenching (MVC), studies the onset and endurance of jaw muscle fatigue and pain from MVC, and explores the prevention of the discomforts through pharmacological and physical means. MVC, or maximum voluntary static work efforts by the elevator muscles of the mandible, was quantified by continuous (integral) functions of variations in both time and recruitment/rate coding of motor units in the masseter muscle. Fatigue was felt in the masseter muscle after about 30 seconds of MVC; differential calculus suggested that the appearance and disappearance of fatigue was associated with primarily recruitment and decruitment of masseteric motor units, respectively. About 60 seconds of MVC elicited a mild pain in the masseter and temporalis muscles; about 120 seconds of MVC induced a moderate pain and complete exhaustion of the isometrically contracting muscles. Although pain releasing maximum static work efforts are stable variables they cannot predict the pain magnitude of brief and prolonged MVC, probably because of modulations (recruitment/decruitment/rate coding) of masseteric motor units. It is suggested that the modulations begin with the onset of fatigue, are practically complete with the onset of pain, and are absent or negligible with an experience of exhaustion. A single oral dose of 1000 mg of ibuprofen did not affect the onset, endurance, and magnitude of pain from MVC. By contrast, 30 minutes of cooling (ice) of the masseter muscle effectively prevented the onset of pain; it also increased the masseteric EMG, credibly because of modulations of myoelectrical signals and, possibly, increased MVC efforts in the absence of pain.
 ...
PMID:Experimental teeth clenching in man. 265 64

This paper traces the history of disturbed sleep, deep pain and exhaustion from biblical times to the present. This historical review provides the stage for the papers that follow in this volume on fibrositis syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Fibrositis syndrome: a historical perspective. 269 79

Investigations were carried out in 81 nurses by industrial psychological methods. The kind of load is different by nurses in intensive care unit, by surgical nurses and by nurses in geriatrics. Particularly pain in the back, the shoulder and the nape, ergasthenia and exhaustion were declared. Skin troubles were declared about 20 percent. A report is given to interpret these findings.
 ...
PMID:[Selected results of occupational psychological studies of nurses]. 274 13

This study was undertaken in an attempt to determine the maximal oxygen uptake in a small muscle group by measuring directly the oxygen expenditure of the forearm. Five healthy medical students volunteered. The subjects' maximal forearm work capacity was determined on a spring-loaded hand ergometer. Exercise was continued until exhaustion by pain or fatigue. Two weeks later intra-arterial and intravenous catheters were placed in the dominant arm. Blood samples for measurement of oxygen concentration were collected via the catheters. Forearm blood flow was measured by means of the indicator dilution technique. Oxygen uptake was determined according to the Fick principle. The forearm oxygen uptake attained at maximal work loads was a mean of 201 (SD +/- 56) mumol.min-1.100 ml-1. It was impossible at maximal exercise to discern a plateau of the oxygen uptake curve in relation to work output. It is suggested that a plateau in the oxygen uptake curve is not a useful criterion for maximal oxygen uptake in a small muscle group. Skeletal muscle may have an unused capacity for oxygen consumption even at maximal exercise intensity where muscle work cannot be continued due to muscle pain and fatigue.
 ...
PMID:Forearm oxygen uptake during maximal forearm dynamic exercise. 275 71

A diffuse distribution of characteristic sites of tenderness is recognized to be a distinctive feature of the fibromyalgia/fibrositis syndrome, and is often associated with general symptoms such as exhaustion, stiffness, and irritability to external and internal stimuli. Equally important, and more common, is the development of similar tenderness at precisely the same sites in referred pain syndrome. The distribution of points is clumped, i.e., restricted to the appropriate region, and the general symptoms are lacking. The usual sites of origin are often unknown to the patient, because they lie deep in the cervical or lower lumbar spine. The clumped pattern of points is therefore very helpful in diagnosis and therapy.
 ...
PMID:Referred pain and tender points. 294 31

Ten patients with adrenal cortical carcinoma were treated from 1966 to 1986. There were 7 males and 3 females. The typical clinical manifestations, marked increase of 17-ketosteroid, 17-hydroxycorticoids and DHA, and negative dexamethasone suppression test were essential for the diagnosis. Of the ten patients, eight had secretive function and their 17-ketosteroid and 17-hydroxycorticoids varied from 36.8-93 mg% and 32.5-150 mg%, respectively. DHA was measured in 5 cases with the result of 6.95-44mg%. Those without secretive functions or obvious endocrine disturbances were usually misdiagnosed as kidney tumor, splenomagaly, liver tumor or pancreatic mass. Wood had summarized that nonsecretive ACC patients commonly had fever, pain, exhaustion syndrome (emaciation, fatigue, perspiration, anorexia), mass and distant metastasis. Adrenal scan, IVU, abdominal aortic arteriography, retroperitoneal pneumography and CT were helpful in localization. The differential diagnosis between ACC and adenoma by pathology was difficult. It is generally agreed that if the mass is larger than 100 grams, capsulated, having blood or lymphatic vessel invasion, hemorrhage, necrosis and calcification or even distant metastasis, malignant tumor should be considered. Surgical removal of the tumor is the only effective treatment. For advanced or recurrent lesions, selective adrenal artery thrombosis could be used. One of the ten patients was thus treated by this facilitated subsequent surgery. Postoperative chemotherapy, such as O.P-DDD, might be used in some cases.
 ...
PMID:[Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC)--report of 10 cases]. 297 73

The effectiveness, safety and acceptability of self-administered Entonox (50% nitrous oxide in oxygen) in 150 Nigerian women during labour was studied. 86.7% of those who received Entonox alone reported satisfactory pain relief while analgesia was also satisfactory in all those who received Entonox plus intramuscular analgesic. Severe drowsiness occurred in two patients and the method was acceptable to 90% of the mothers in the study. To prevent exhaustion of the mothers and marked drowsiness, intramuscular analgesic should be used early in labour followed by Entonox in the second half of the labour.
 ...
PMID:Self-administered Entonox (50% nitrous oxide in oxygen) in labour: report of the experience in Ibadan. 299 47

The performance of strenuous physical exercise is associated with discomfort and pain, the tolerance for that being modulated by the activity of the endogenous opioid systems. As 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT) affects nociception through its effects on the enkephalin-endorphin system, we have analyzed the effects of a moderate supplementation with L-tryptophan, the immediate precursor of 5-HT, on endurance and sensation of effort. Twelve healthy sportsmen were subjected to a work load corresponding to 80% of their maximal oxygen uptake on two separate trials, after receiving a placebo and after receiving the same amount of L-tryptophan. The subjects ran on a treadmill until exhaustion. Total exercise time, perceived exertion rate, maximum heart rate, peak oxygen consumption, pulse recovery rate, and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption were determined during the two trials. The total exercise time was 49.4% greater after receiving L-tryptophan than after receiving the placebo. A lower rate of perceived exertion was exhibited by the group while on tryptophan although the differences from the control group were not statistically significant. No differences were observed in the other parameters between the two trials. The longer exercise time als well at the total work load performed could be due to an increased pain tolerance as a result of L-tryptophan ingestion.
 ...
PMID:Effect of L-tryptophan supplementation on exercise performance. 324 61

Two questionnaires were given to the participants of the Danish national marathon championship to obtain information on health, training habits, previous injuries and the medical problems sustained during and after the competition. All 60 participants replied to both questionnaires. The elite runner is training between 90-150 km per week, using one daily training session. He is generally careful about stretching and warming up and down. Forty-three per cent of runners sustained injuries in the last year that prevented them from training, but only 3% needed to stay off work. The most common reasons for not completing the race were exhaustion and injuries to the lower extremities. Sixty-one per cent of the runners who did not drink at all refreshment stations dropped out, whereas only 27% of those who did dropped out. There was no difference in relation to results or medical problems between the group who used a special diet before the run and those who did not. The major medical problems were gastrointestinal disturbances, skin lesions and pain or cramps in the lower extremities. No serious injuries were reported.
 ...
PMID:The elite marathon runner: problems during and after competition. 337 Mar 97


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>