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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Find needle biopsy of tumours of the lung and mediastinum represents an accurate method which can be performed pain-free and rapidly without undue effort and cost. It can be repeated at any desired time. Absolute contraindications are very rare. This method can be applied also in outpatients, provided certain precautions are observed. In many cases, it eliminates the far greater risk of exploratory thoracotomy. Both peripheral and central lung tumours, including mediastinal tumours, can be identified and differentiated. More than nine out of ten bronchial carcinomas are clearly identified. In 60--70% of all punctures, the pathologist is successful in accurately establishing the type of cell involved. As far as the patient himself is concerned, the method hardly involves any pain and does not cause much discomfort. A frequent complication is the usually asymptomatic pneumothorax, which occurs in less than 30% of all punctures. In a few rare cases, suction drainage will be necessary. Generally speaking, and in all other respects, fine needle biopsy is a low-risk procedure.
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PMID:[Technique and results of percutaneous transthoracal fine-needle biopsy of lung lesions (author's transl)]. 48 89

Maternal rearing behavior was examined in relation to children's reparation for transgressions and altruism as bystanders to distress in others. The children were 1 1/2-2 1/2 years old. Mothers were trained in techniques of observing. They recorded their child's reactions and their own behaviors in everyday encounters with expressions of distress in others (sorrow, discomfort, pain). Distress was also simulated by mothers and investigators. Mothers' empathic caregiving was rated during home visits. Mothers' affectively delivered explanations regarding the distresses their children had caused to others were associated with children's reparations for transgressions. Such explanations were also associated with children's altruism when they were bystanders to another's distress. Empathic caregiving by mothers was positively associated with children's reparation and altruism. Findings are discussed in relation to theories of altruism, conscience, and child rearing.
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PMID:Child rearing and children's prosocial initiations toward victims of distress. 48 76

Five hundred and four patients who had undergone hospital investigations were interviewed to find out how much information they had been given about the tests; their reactions before, during and after the test; and any after effects. In 74% of cases the tests had been satisfactorily explained. Patients were told more about complicated procedures such as cardiac catherisation than about routine ones such as venepuncture or barium meal examinations. The comments doctors made while performing the investigations were generally reassuring and were only rarely worrying or impatient. About half the patients suffered pain or discomfort during the test and rather more complained of after effects. Only 5% of patients said they would refuse the test again, though 36% said they would agree only reluctantly. Communication lies at the heart of the problem. Hospitals should consider issuing handouts on investigations to back up the doctor's information and to dispel myths. Staff should be more careful in concealing frightening-looking equipment, and if patients have to wait during investigations it may help reduce their anxiety if they are provided with something to occupy their time.
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PMID:Patients' reactions to their investigations: a study of 504 patients. 49 53

Amipaque 280 mg I/ml and Conray meglumine 282 mg I/ml have been compared in a double-bind trial in cerebral angiography. Altogether 55 cerebral artery branches have been examined in 21 patients, who served as their own controls. The effect of the contrast injections on the intra-arterial blood pressure, pulse rate, ECG, circulatory rate and the patients' reactions were recorded under standardized conditions. The quality of the films was also evaluated. No significant difference in the cardiovascular effects of the two contrast media was found. There was a significant difference in favour of Amipaque in the discomfort of the patients--less pain and sensation of warmth. No serious side effects were observed.
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PMID:Clinical testing of Conray meglumine and Amipaque in cerebral angiography. 51 99

For this study of intractable pain after spinal cord injury (SCI), a questionnaire was developed, pilot-tested and mailed to 356 previously hospitalized SCI patients, 200 (56%) of whom returned the completed questionnaire. Of the respondents, 160 (80%) reported abnormal sensation and 96 (48%) called the discomfort painful. Abnormal sensations were first noted within 6 months of injury by 105 patients, from 7 months to 4 years after injury by 39, and longer than 4 years after injury or unknown by 16. Pain locations varied and were unrelated to the level of lesion. In 30% of those reporting abnormal sensation the location of pain remained stationary, whereas in 17% it changed over time. The intensity of pain was described as severe to extreme by 25%; 44% indicated that it interfered with daily activities. Increase of pain over time was noted by 41%. Activity, inactivity, weather change and overexertion were not frequently identified as aggravating circumstances. Rest and medication were cited as alleviating factors. Approximately 38% of those experiencing pain used medications but only 22% obtained consistent relief from their use. Patients with low level lesions were more willing to exchange a hypothetical chance of recovery and/or loss of reacquired physiologic functions for pain relief than were patients with higher lesions.
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PMID:Pain in patients with spinal cord injury. 51 70

Arthrography of the artificial hip joint was performed postoperatively in 29 patients with pain after total hip replacement. In 23 cases the arthrographic findings were checked by operation and corresponded in 91%. In two arthrographies which did not give reliable results sinuses outside the thigh or a large pseudocapsule prevented a satisfactory performance of the arthrography. The unoperated patients had only mild discomfort or were considered a high risk for reoperation; they were treated with physiotherapy and medication. As a result of this investigation arthrography can be regarded as a highly reliable method of diagnosing the various causes of pains in the hip after total hip replacement.
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PMID:Arthrography of the hip in the diagnosis of postoperative painful conditions after total hip replacement. 53 18

Chondromalacia of the patella should be considered a separate entity and not the necessary precursor of osteoarthrosis. It is rarely associated with significant discomfort. Isolated softening, fibrillation of the central medial facet, and a diagnosis of chondromalacia of the patella should be limited, in our view, to isolated fibrillation occurring in the central medial facet and is probably asymptomatic. Symptomatic patellar pain can be treated by realignment if the patella is malaligned, by lateral release and synovial fringe excision if there is an anomalous facet or synovial fringe entrapment syndrome, and by drilling and curettage and stress-relieving operations (if necessary) if there is an osteochondral injury. For osteoarthrosis stress can be relieved on a permanent basis by the Maquet anterior tibial tubercle advancement operation. We recommend approaching patellofemoral pain by establishing a specific diagnosis and applying a specific treatment.
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PMID:A rational approach to the treatment of patellofemoral pain. 53 12

The comfort was improved by better positioning on the operating table in six patients undergoing extensive hand surgery with axillary plexus block. Opposite to that we could show in 16 similar cases with traditional position during surgery some pain, chills and discomfort despite optimal block technique.
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PMID:[Modification of patients positions in operation table during regional anaesthesia (author's transl)]. 56 14

A progesterone intrauterine device (IUD), Progestasert, was prescribed for 25 patients unable to use an ordinary non-hormonal IUD. Both the amount of menstrual bleeding and the discomfort was observed to decrease more often than increase during the period of use of the progesterone IUD. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and the serum iron levels either remained static or increased. Continuation rate was 76 per cent after one year. The authors consider Progestasert a suitable alternative to the ordinary non-hormonal IUD in women with dysmenorrhea or menorrhagia and those in whom a previous IUD had been associated with pain or increased menstruation.
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PMID:Intrauterine progesterone contraceptive system as an alternative in cases where conventional IUD's are unsuitable. 57 35

This paper discusses a relatively common myofascial pain syndrome. Despite its commonness, it is frequently misdiagnosed and patients may be subjected to many forms of treatment without relief. Some of these treatments may be mutilating, or may produce complications which add to the patient's discomfort. It is therefore suggested that competent dental advice should be sought in all cases of atypical facial pain, and that pain clinics should include a dentist as a member of the team.
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PMID:The temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome. 58 40


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