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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Zomepirac sodium is a new oral analgesic that is more effective than aspirin, with no apparent tolerance or potential for addiction. It causes gastrointestinal bleeding similar to that caused by large doses of aspirin. For occasional moderate pain not responsive to aspirin, zomepirac may prove to be preferable to oral narcotics such as codeine, oxycodone, propoxyphene, pentazocine and meperidine. For chronic use, the safety and continued effectiveness of the new drug remain to be determined; it probably cannot replace oral narcotics in narcotic-dependent patients. For severe pain, as in myocardial infarction, renal colic and after some operations, zomepirac is no substitute for parenteral morphine.
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PMID:Zomepirac sodium -- a new oral analgesic. 700 39

In pentobarbital-anaesthetized rats (60 mg/kg, i.p.) renal pelvis distension with a pressure of 80 cm H2O caused a decline in mean arterial blood pressure. This pressure response, which disappeared rapidly after cessation of the distension, was used to study the effects of analgesic drugs known to be effective in renal colic pain in man. Morphine (0.75 and 1 mg/kg, s.c.) and the decapeptide caerulein (1.6, 4 and 8 microgram/kg, s.c.) abolished the pressure response. The effects of the largest doses lasted for at least 30 min. Ineffective in this respect were (a) desulphated caerulein (40 microgram/kg, s.c.) and (b) additional doses of pentobarbital (20 and 40 mg/kg, s.c.). This shows (a) the importance of the sulphated tyrosine (known from previous studies on central effects) and (b) the missing influence of the depth of anaesthesia. Naloxone (0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) abolished the effect of morphine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) but failed to influence that of caerulein (8 microgram/kg, s.c.). Even a fourfold dose of naloxone (2 mg/kg, s.c.) did not weaken the effect of caerulein. Naloxone, per se, was ineffective. These results suggest different mechanisms of the present effects of morphine and caerulein. It appears that renal pelvis distension in the anaesthetized rat can serve as a model of renal colic.
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PMID:Caerulein and morphine in a model of visceral pain. Effects on the hypotensive response to renal pelvis distension in the rat. 711 Mar 76

A 63-year-old man, who originally presented with renal colic with radiation of the pain to the corresponding testicle, was proven to have a thoracic intervertebral herniated nucleus pulposus. The myelographic and computed axial tomographic findings utilizing water-soluble contrast medium are described. At operation via a dorsolateral approach, degenerated disc material associated with two free fragments in the spinal canal was removed, which resulted in total pain relief and no neurological deficit. The mode of presentation (namely, renal colic with pain radiating to the testicle) and the computed tomographic findings prompted this communication.
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PMID:Herniated thoracic intervertebral disc--an unusual presentation: case report. 720 61

This report documents for the first time the application of continuous segmental epidural block (T11 to L2) to treat renal colic complicating pregnancy. The block was maintained for 16 hours and the pain did not recur. Advantages for the mother, and possibly for the foetus, are considered. The published experience of others using this technique in nonpregnant patients is reviewed.
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PMID:Epidural block for treatment of renal colic during pregnancy. 723 7

The analgesic effect of a single intravenous dose of dezocine at various dosage levels was studied in 41 patients suffering from acute renal colic. Twenty milligrams was found to be a very effective dose. Out of 25 injections an excellent response was recorded on 21 occasions, with a mean duration of effect of 3.5 hours. In a further 3 patients, pain relief was considered as fair and of shorter duration. Pronounced dizziness was a nearly constant side-effect of the drug. There was no overall effect on blood pressure or heart rate.
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PMID:Preliminary clinical experience with dezocine, a new potent analgesic. 736 47

The authors report a series of 78 cases of hydatid cyst of the kidney collected during the past 17 years. There study material is based upon 72 IVU, 19 retrograde urograms, 22 renal arteriograms, 58 laboratory examinations, 12 renal echographies and 76 surgical operations. The usual presenting symptoms consist of lumbar or lumbo-abdominal swellings, lumbar pain, renal colic, hydaturia and haematuria, whilst bearing in mind that cysts of the upper pole of the right kidney may present with digestive problems as their first symptoms. Almost half of these cysts were calcified. The appearances by IVU were of a renal tumour. In endemic areas, the presence of calcifications is fairly typical of hydatid cyst. In the absence of calcifications, the IVU appearance is that of a renal cyst or carcinoma. The diagnosis is based upon the following: hydaturia, the existence of a second hepatic or pulmonary lesion and positive serological reactions. Renal echotomography has radically transformed the diagnostic approach since although recent, this investigation is reliable and shows identical appearances in the kidney to those found in hydatid cysts of the liver. The use of echography has made it possible to limit arteriography to heterogeneous masses with a solid component. Improved knowledge of echotomography should make it possible to avoid the topographical errors in which a renal hydatid cyst is thought to be in the liver. In the opinion of the authors, treatment should be surgical, whatever the procedure including sterilisation of the cyst by the injection of hypertonic saline and removal of the hydatid, i.e. the cyst ("kystectomy"). After these basic steps the surgeon may decide between simple resection of the protruding part of the cyst (partial perikystectomy, 25 cases) or ablation of all the adventitia (total perikystectomy, 26 cases). When damage to the renal parenchyma is too extensive, nephrectomy may be necessary (19 cases).
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PMID:[Hydatid cyst of the kidney (author's transl)]. 745 50

In a double-blind, double-dummy randomized controlled clinical trial, the onset and duration of the analgesic effect of dipyrone, 1 or 2 g, and diclofenac sodium, 75 mg, by either the i.m. or the i.v. route were compared in 293 patients (aged 18-70 years) with acute renal colic. A level of > or = 50 mm on the 100-mm visual analogue scale was required for inclusion in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to six treatment groups, receiving dipyrone 1 g i.m., dipyrone 1 g i.v., dipyrone 2 g i.m.;, dipyrone 2 g i.v., diclofenac sodium 75 mg i.m.; and diclofenac sodium 75 mg i.v., respectively. Evaluations were performed at 10, 20, 30, and 60 min and 2, 4, and 6 h after treatment (time 0). Primary efficacy end points included course of pain, total pain, percentage of patients with a pain improvement of 50% or more at each evaluation time, pain intensity evaluated by the investigator on a 0-3 scale, and differences in pain intensity. The analgesic response was more marked and prolonged among patients receiving dipyrone 2 g i.m. or dipyrone 2 g i.v. There were no significant differences between dipyrone 1 g and diclofenac sodium 75 mg, by either the i.m. or the i.v. route. All treatment regimens were well tolerated.
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PMID:Comparison of the onset and duration of the analgesic effect of dipyrone, 1 or 2 g, by the intramuscular or intravenous route, in acute renal colic. 758 22

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Ketoprofen (Profenid) is used as intravenous monotherapy incorporated in 0.9% normal saline solution (100 mg Ketoprofen ampoule + 200 ml normal saline) in the treatment of renal colic. We present our experience in 65 patients complaining of clinically diagnosed renal colic who were treated by intravenous saline-Ketoprofen. Prospective investigations revaled urinary calculi in 51 patients, oxaluria (crystalluria) in 5, acute colitis in 2, severe myositis in 2, negative investigations in 3 and radiculitis in 2 patients. Positive response was observed in 93.8% of patients as far as pain relief is concerned. Pain relief started within 5-7 minutes after beginning the infusion. Duration of analgesic effect ranged between 4 and 12 hours. Repeating the injection was done for maintenance of analgesia. Side effects included drowsiness in 2 patients, palpitation in 1 patient, epigastric pain in 1, muscular cramp in 1 patient. Ketoprofen, an antiprostaglandin, is a powerful anti-inflammatory and potent analgesic. Intravenous saline-Ketoprofen is a good emergency treatment for acute episodes of renal colic.
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PMID:Emergency treatment of renal colic with intravenous ketoprofen. 759 85

The vasopressin analogue, 1-desamino-8-arginine vasopressin (desmopressin), is a potent antidiuretic without the pressor effects of vasopressin. A total of 18 patients with acute renal colic due to stone disease received 40 microgramsf1p4mopressin intranasal spray with encouraging results. There was a significant decrease in the colic pain intensity from an initial mean visual analogue score of 67 +/- 17 mm. to 39 +/- 36 mm. within 30 minutes (p < 0.001). Eight patients (44.4%) had complete pain relief within 30 minutes of administering intranasal desmopressin spray. Nine of 10 patients who required intramuscular diclofenac sodium achieved complete pain relief within another 30 minutes. In other words, when intranasal desmopressin spray was administered before diclofenac sodium, 94.4% of the patients achieved complete pain relief and were discharged home. The mechanism of analgesic action of desmopressin in renal colic is uncertain. At the peripheral level, desmopressin may alleviate the acute renal colic through its potent antidiuretic effect or by relaxing the renal pelvic and ureteral smooth muscles. The central analgesic effect of desmopressin by stimulating the release of the hypothalamic beta-endorphin is proposed. We conclude that intranasal desmopressin spray can be used successfully in the treatment of renal colic. It may also replace prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors in treating renal colic with the advantage of avoiding the potential side effects. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the combination of desmopressin with analgesics or spasmolytic drugs offers competitive results compared with those achieved by prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors in the treatment of renal colic.
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PMID:Treatment of renal colic by desmopressin intranasal spray and diclofenac sodium. 771 52

Pain is the most common presenting complaint heard in Emergency Medicine, yet it is poorly controlled. Evaluation of this pain should be with use of objective pain scales completed by the patient, not relying on physician impression. Treatment modalities available in the Emergency Department, a review of medications and their dosing as well as specifics to pediatric pain management are presented. The final section reviews situation or diagnosis specific pain control: headaches, renal colic, polytrauma victims, abdominal pain, soft tissue injury and acute arthritis. These recommendations are based on a Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) consensus conference held in April 1993. The literature was reviewed extensively and used as the basis for the consensus workshops and discussion. At the writing of the consensus paper, however, no specific ideas were borrowed from any one article. The appended bibliography is suggested reading, selected from the larger literature review. There are to date few controlled multi centre trials in overall pain management that would allow guidelines to be produced.
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PMID:Emergency pain management: a Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) consensus document. 788 8


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