Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinicopathologic findings in nine patients with ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with retiform pattern are described. The patients ranged in age from 11 months to 23 years; and seven patients were 12 years of age or younger. The most frequent presenting sign was the finding of an abdominal mass. This was associated with pain in five patients. In three patients the pain was severe due to torsion, causing an acute abdominal emergency. Slight virilization was observed in one patient only. Two patients had elevated serum alphafetoprotein (AFP), which correlated well with disease activity. The remaining patients had normal serum AFP. All the tumors were unilateral. At laparotomy the tumor was intact in six patients and ruptured in three. The tumors ranged from 8 to 22 cm, were round or oval, and cystic or solid and cystic. Eight tumors were in FIGO Stage I, and one was associated with abdominal metastases and was Stage III. Histologically, the retiform component varied from moderate to predominant in eight of the nine cases. In two tumors a heterologous component composed of striated muscle was also present. Three patients developed metastases. Two of the patients died 11 months and 2 years after diagnosis and the third patient was lost to follow-up with evidence of disease 2 years after diagnosis. The remaining six patients were well and disease-free for periods of 8 months to 6 years. The majority of these tumors were misinterpreted as serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma or endodermal sinus tumor, which are more malignant neoplasms requiring different therapy. This further underlines the importance of recognizing this histopathologic entity.
 ...
PMID:Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (androblastoma) with retiform pattern. A clinicopathologic study. 367 27

A case of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour of the ovary causing virilization in a postmenopausal woman is presented. The patient had increasing facial hair growth, deepening of the voice, a dull pain in the lower part of the abdomen and enlargement of the clitoris. Laboratory investigations showed an elevated level of plasma testosterone. Considering an ovarian tumour the most likely cause of the above-mentioned findings, hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Both ovaries were macroscopically normal at operation, but pathological examination revealed a small well-differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour in the left ovary. Follow-up 3 months later showed decreasing signs of virilization and normalization of the hormone levels.
 ...
PMID:Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour of the ovary--a rare cause of virilization after menopause. 824 Jul 84

The therapeutic profile on bone of nandrolone decanoate is that of inhibitor of bone resorption with temporary increase in bone formation, followed by an absence of suppression of bone formation, indicating uncoupling of bone resorption and formation. This results is an increase in bone mineral content at the proximal and distal radius, and in some patients at the lumbar spine. Furthermore, nandrolone decanoate increases calcium balance and muscle mass, diminishes vertebral pain and increases the mobility of the spine. Virilization occurred in around 50% of the patients (mainly hoarseness and/or hirsutism), and 9% of the patients dropped out because of this reason. A dose of 50 mg every 3 to 4 weeks is indicated in the treatment of osteoporosis in women, especially when they have low muscle mass, associated debilitating disease, and in patients with corticosteroid induced osteoporosis. It should only be prescribed after the age of 65 to 75 years to minimize the occurrence of clinical adverse effects and to increase its tolerability, which is higher in this group. Although some effects are reported on fracture rate, insufficient prospective data are available.
 ...
PMID:Nandrolone decanoate: pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in osteoporosis. 884 59

Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) of the ovary are prepubertal in 5% of the patients. In girls less than 20 years old, 80% of GCTs differ from those among adults. These juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCTs) are usually benign. GCTs belong to ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors, the more common ovarian tumors being epidermal and germinal. The etiology of GCT remains unknown. Most young children with GCT present with precorious pseudopuberty. Among adolescents GCT often causes menstrual irregularities, virilization, abdominal swelling, and pain. When JGCT is limited to the ovaries the outcome is excellent with only salpingo-oophorectomy. However, more widely spread tumors are difficult to treat and cause mortality. Cisplatin-containing chemotherapy can induce remissions in adult GCTs. Estrogens and peptide hormones, i.e., inhibin, are useful in the follow-up of the patients. The authors describe 3 children with GCT and review current data on this rare tumor from molecular biology to clinical aspects.
 ...
PMID:Ovarian granulosa cell tumors in childhood. 1193 27

120 Krukenberg tumors were analyzed with emphasis on their wide microscopic spectrum and resultant problems in differential diagnosis. The patients ranged from 13 to 84 years (average, 45 years) with 43% of them under 40 years. Abdominal swelling or pain usually accounted for the clinical presentation, but 17 had abnormal vaginal bleeding, 4 had virilization, and 4 had hirsutism without virilization. Ascites was present in 43% of the cases. Sixty-three percent of the tumors were documented to be bilateral, but both ovaries were not always removed or rigorously examined microscopically. The mean diameter of the tumors was 10.4 cm, and they typically had intact, bosselated external surfaces without adhesions. The sectioned surfaces were typically solid and firm to edematous to gelatinous; one third of the tumors also had cysts. Microscopic examination showed great variation from case to case and within individual neoplasms. Multiple nodules separated by normal stroma were seen in small neoplasms and focally in many larger ones. The tumors were often more cellular at their periphery and edematous to gelatinous centrally. An irregular distribution of cellular and less cellular areas often imparted a pseudolobular pattern. The cellularity of the stroma ranged from densely cellular to paucicellular; the latter regions ranged from edematous to mucoid. The overall morphology varied according to the prominence of signet-ring cells, extracellular mucin, edema, and various epithelial patterns. Signet-ring cells were numerous in most neoplasms (and by definition occupied at least 10% of the neoplasm) but were often absent or inconspicuous in significant areas of them. The signet-ring cells typically had modest but sometimes copious amounts of pale to basophilic cytoplasm; occasionally, it was eosinophilic. The signet-ring cells varied widely in their arrangement, growing singly, in clusters, forming confluent masses or pseudo-tubular arrays or lining part of all of a true tubule. Small glands and tubules were common, often resembling microcysts (when the lining cells were flattened) or Sertoli tubules; mucinous glands and cysts and medium-sized to large intestinal-type glands were also relatively common, particularly the latter. Extracellular mucin was often conspicuous and, when associated with scant acellular collagenous stroma, gave a distinctive appearance referred to by us as "feathery degeneration." Stromal luteinization was present in the tumors of the 8 pregnant patients and was seen in 14% of the nonpregnant patients. Unusual features that complicated the microscopic picture included diffuse sheets or other arrangements of mucin-free indifferent cells, squamous cells, clear cells, transitional cells, and corded, trabecular, and insular patterns. Vascular space invasion was common. Two thirds of the primary carcinomas were detected synchronously with, or subsequent to, detection of the Krukenberg tumor compounding the diagnostic difficulty posed by the cases. Two thirds of the primary tumors were in the stomach; other primary sites in order of frequency were appendix, colon, breast, small intestine, rectum, gallbladder, and urinary bladder. Our observations emphasize that the microscopic spectrum of the Krukenberg tumor is broader that often presented in the literature, in particular tubules, glands, and cysts often being present, and the wide pathologic differential diagnosis is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 120 cases with emphasis on their variable pathologic manifestations. 1653 48

There are sex differences in nociceptive behavior induced by formalin in rats. To determine whether these sex differences are the result of the sexual differentiation of the brain, that is masculinization and defeminization [A.P. Arnold, R.A. Gorski, Gonadal steroid induction of structural sex differences in the central nervous system, Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 7 (1984) 413-442; M.M. McCarthy, A.T.M. Konkle, When is a sex difference not a sex difference? Front Neuroendocrinol. 26 (2005) 85-102], some female rats were injected with testosterone propionate (TP, 100 microg/25 microl/rat) on the day of birth and on the following day. As controls, other female rats and all male rats were injected with the same volume of sesame oil. They were castrated at the age of 8 weeks, and implanted with a silicon tube containing 20% of 17beta-estradiol or cholesterol. Two weeks after the implantation, rats were injected with 50 microl of 2% formalin in the right hind paw and their behavioral changes were observed for 1h. In cholesterol-implanted rats, all rats exhibited three typical phases of pain response and there were no significant differences in the scores of nociceptive behavior. In 17beta-estradiol implanted rats, female and TP-treated female rats had a significantly higher score of nociceptive behavior than male rats. These results indicate that estrogen produces sex differences in nociceptive behavior induced by formalin, and suggest that these differences are not due to the sexual differentiation of the brain, since the dose and the timing of the TP treatment effectively defeminize and masculinize female rats. Alternatively, sexual differentiation of the brain response to formalin-induced nociceptive behavior may be different from ordinary sexual differentiation.
 ...
PMID:Effects of neonatal testosterone treatment on sex differences in formalin-induced nociceptive behavior in rats. 1714 36

Adrenocortical cancer is a very rare tumor with a poor prognosis. About half of them are hormone-secreting tumors. In most cases, hormonal investigations reveal an excess secretion of steroids, mostly cortisol and androgens. A 54-year-old lady presented with history of pain in left shoulder and leg for 6 months and features of virilization. CT-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology of an abdominal mass revealed the presence of a carcinoma of the left adrenal cortex. A whole-body radionuclide bone scan revealed increased uptake in the left clavicle and left femur. The patient has received palliative radiotherapy for the skeletal lesions and 3 cycles of palliative chemotherapy at present.
 ...
PMID:Adrenocortical carcinoma with skeletal metastases in a postmenopausal woman. 2066 3

There has been little detailed study of the sexual outcome of women suffering from congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a condition which results in masculinization of the external genitalia and possible genital ambiguity at birth in chromosomal females. This study, combining qualitative and quantitative methods, reports the sexual outcome for a sample of women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH; N = 19), compared to that for an age-matched sample of women with early diagnosed diabetes (N =17). The results are given under the headings of sexual interest; sexual activity with partners; reasons for engaging in sexual behaviour; sexual activities; stimuli eliciting a sexual response; physical problems connected with sexual activities, and general issues. CAH women were found to be less sexually experienced in all areas, and reported higher levels of penetration difficulties, pain, and lubrication problems than the diabetic women. It is proposed that the contribution of psychological factors to these problems may be at least as great as that of medical/ surgical factors. Implications for management are considered.
 ...
PMID:A Comparative Study of Sexual Experiences: Women with Diabetes and Women with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase Deficiency. 2201 22

During the last 15 years in the Pathology Laboratory of Aretaieion University Hospital, 256 cases of teratomas were examined and 11 cases (4.3%) presented characteristics of struma ovarii. Eight patients aged 19-34 years and four 41-74 years (median 41 years). One 74-year-old patient presented with virilization signs but pain and a pelvic mass were the most frequent symptoms. The tumors were unilateral in 9/11 cases, the size ranged from 5-17 cm, and they were compact or microcystic in 10/11 cases and cystic in one case. Histological pattern was microfollicular in 5/11 cases, solid in 3/11 cases, pseudoglandular in 2/11 cases, with focal clear and oxyphil cell changes, and infiltration of the fibrous wall in one case. Tumorectomy was performed in 9/11 cases and total hysterectomy with adnexa in two cases with large tumors (16-17 cm in diameter). Immunohistochemistry is useful in the recognition of struma in atypical cases. No malignant struma ovarii was observed in our cases. Tumorectomy is the appropriate therapeutic approach because of the benign nature of these tumors despite atypical histological features and the young age of the patients.
 ...
PMID:Monodermal teratomas (struma ovarii). Clinicopathological characteristics of 11 cases and literature review. 2233 29

Sertoli Leydig Cell Tumours (SLCTs) are rare, unilateral, sex cord stromal tumours of ovary, which constitute less than 1% of all the ovarian neoplasms. These tumours can be functionally diverse and they may have heterologous elements. We aim to report a case of a 25-year- old woman who presented with suprapubic pain of 5 days duration, a unilateral adnexal mass, hypertestosteronism without virilization. Intraoperative frozen section of the unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy specimen was suggestive of granulosa cell tumour. Histopathological examination, supplemented with alpha-inhibin immunohistochemistry, was diagnostic of Meyer's type II SLCT. Clinical presentation, pathology and the diagnostic pitfalls in the present case have been presented with a brief review of literature.
...
PMID:Sertoli-leydig cell tumor of ovary- a diagnostic dilemma. 2478 4


1 2 Next >>