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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anal fissures belong to the autonomic diseases. A raised sympathicotonus (spasm dystrophy) is responsible for the origin, the poor healing tendency and the burning pain. This excessive effect of the sympathetic leads first to functional and later to organic disorders of the sphincter in the form of an achalasia. The empirically developed methods of operation have intervention in the autonomic nervous system in common, and only differ in the extent of this "invasion of the autonomic". Functional changes must be treated with local anesthetics or by stretching the sphincter, organic changes by sphincterotomy.
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PMID:[Sphincter surgery. Etiology and therapy of the anal fissure (author's transl)]. 82 52

We studied the effects of coronary artery spasm on perfusion of the microvasculature in a patient with Prinzmetal's angina. Intracoronary injections of 99mTc and 131I-labelled macroaggregated human serum albumin were performed (1) at rest, (2) during spontaneous angina, (3) after the administration of nitroglycerin and (4) during pacing-induced spasm and the resultant scans compared. The resting scan was normal. Pain and spasm were associated with a perfusion defect that was localized to the anterior and inferior walls of the left ventricle. The localization of the perfusion defect corresponded with angiographically demonstrated spasm involving left anterior descending and distal circumflex coronary arteries. A subsequent myocardial infarction was localized by 43K scanning to the same perfusion area. Metabolic and parasympathetic stimulation studies were performed but were inconclusive. The patient's recurrent pains were ultimately controlled with large oral doses of isosorbide dinitrate.
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PMID:Prinzmetal's angina with coronary artery spasm. Angiographic, pharmacologic, metabolic and radionuclide perfusion studies. 82 56

A unique case is presented of variant angina pectoris with reproducible chest pain and S-T segment elevation in the immediate postexercise period and with normal coronary arteries. Coronary arterial spasm was deomnstrated with arteriography after intravenous administration of ergonivine maleate. Thallium-201 imaging during the pain reproducibility demonstrated malperfusion in the region supplied by the artery with documented spasm.
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PMID:Myocardial imaging in a patient with reproducible variant angina. 83 19

Six new cases of acute myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteriogram are presented and supplemented by 19 collected cases (group I). These are compared with 16 cases of myocardial infarction caused by occlusive coronary artery disease in a comparable population (group ii). The following significant differences between the two groups are established: patients in group I were younger (27.5 years vs 33.7 years, P less than 0.005); at least one risk factor was present in all patients in group II, but in only 40% of group I (P less than 0.0001). effort angina preceded the attack in ten patients of group II, but in none of group I (P less than 0.0001). The attack was unheralded in 24 of the 25 patients in group I, but was preceded by prodromes in 11 of 16 in group II (P less than 0.0001). Attacks of pain following myocardial infarction occurred in five patients of group 2 and II of group II) (P less than 0.001). Results are discussed in the light of the nature of myocardial infarction in group I. No support is found for the coronary spasm theory. The most likely mechanism for development of myocardial infarction in group I is thought to be a thromboembolic "accident." This accident is not necessarily related to atherosclerotic coronary disease and is presumed to be benign in nature.
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PMID:The nature and clinical features of myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteriogram. 83 99

Strain, defined as trauma to a musculotendinous unit, is characterized by pain, muscle spasm, swelling, and loss of range of motion. Conservative treatment consists of rest and elevation of the affected muscle, application of ice and compression, active and passive stretching, and resisted motion exercises. If rupture of muscle and fascia is extensive, surgery may be required. Chronic strain may result from repeated injuries. It is usually treated with rest and administration of an anti-inflammatory agent, such as oxyphenbutazone or a corticosteroid preparation. In the event that this regimen does not provide relief from pain and disability, surgery may be necessary.
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PMID:Traumatic injuries: office treatment of strain. 84 Aug 7

A prospective study was made of 73 patients presenting in one year with abdominal pain provisionally diagnosed as of spinal origin. The criteria for audit of diagnosis and treatment are defined. The diagnosis was confirmed in 53 patients, 49 of whom had been treated with a lignocaine intercostal block in the relevant segment. Thirty-three of these (67.3%) had both complete and prolonged relief. It is suggested that the block causes interruption of a vicious circle of pain and muscle spasm in a 'spinal reflex pain syndrome'.
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PMID:Abdominal pain of spinal origin. Value of intercostal block. 86 Aug 66

A 30-year-old man with variant angina pectoris and ventricular arrhythmias had an angiographically demonstrable 60% obstructive lesion of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery that was observed to progress to 100% during spasm. Control of pain and arrhythmia by pharmacologic means was unsuccessful. Aortocoronary saphenous vein-internal mammary coronary bypass was associated with an anteroseptal wall myocardial infarction and relief from both angina pectoris and arrhythmias. It is suggested that infarction of the ischemic myocardium played a role in the successful management of this case.
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PMID:Variant angina pectoris. Pain and arrhythmias controlled after postoperative myocardial infarction. 94 12

Recurrent electromechanical dissociation, eventually fatal, presented as Stokes-Adams-like syncope in a patient with severe underlying coronary heart disease. Mechanical function was probably suppressed because of myocardial ischemia due to recent occlusion of the proximal right main coronary artery; the left main coronary artery had been occluded previously. Spasm of the proximal right coronary artery may have accounted for his recurrent attacks of pain and syncope. It is suggested that this clinical picture has a grave prognosis, demanding urgent therapeutic measures. While these measures are likely to be more hazardous than usual, the grave prognosis and potential for therapeutic success make them well worth the risk.
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PMID:Recurrent electromechanical dissociation due to severe underlying coronary heart disease. 95 83

Pharmacological properties and acute toxicity of 2-tolyl 1-phenyl-3-(2-methylpiperidino) propyl ether methyl bromide (R111) and 2-chlorophenyl 1-phenyl-3-(2-methylpiperidino) propyl ether methyl iodide (R97) were examined. The results obtained were as follows: (1) In the analgesic effects, RIII and R97 inhibited markedly the acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, but in reducing pain induced by heat, R111 and R97 showed negative results. The local anesthetic effect of R111 was approximately equal to that of procaine. R111 and R97 showed no effects on spontaneous locomotion, the convulsion induced by strychnine or pentetrazol, and normal body temperature. (2) R111 and R97 antagonized acetylcholine, barium chloride, nicotine and serotonine-induced spasm, but not that of histamine and bradykinin. In particular they possessed marked anti-barium chloride activity, where their effects were 20 to 30 times more active than that of papaverine. (3) R111 and R97 indicated weak mydriatic activity. (4) R111 and R97 showed inhibitory effects on the pilocarpine-induced sialic secretion and the propulsive movements of the small intestine, but their inhibitory effects on the gastric secretion were relatively weak. (5) R111 and R97 displayed protective effects in Shay's ulcer, but had no curative effects on acetic acid ulcer. (6) R111 and R97 induced temporary reduction of arterial blood pressure and blood flow immediately after the administration of the test compounds in anesthetized rabbits. However, these agents induced no change in ECG, heart rate and respiration. (7) Intraperitoneally administered R111 and R97 were effective in inhibiting the carrageenin-induced edema in the hind paw of rats. From the above results, it may be considered that R111 and R97 have together strong cholinergic blocking and muscotropic antispasmodic effects, moreover, no significant effects on the central nervous system.
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PMID:[Pharmacological studies on basic ethers (R111 and R97) with antispasmodic activity]. 98 72

The scope of effectiveness of acupuncture in relieving pain was tested in an Acupuncture Clinic for nonemergency care: 129 patients were treated, mainly for intractable pain associated with a wide variety of conditions. Only mechanical stimulation was used. Acupuncture anesthesia was not evaluated. Response was excellent or good in 87 patients. Acupuncture was most effective in conditions attributable to musculoskeletal or visceral muscle spasm. In some situations it inhibited pain recurrence, such as menstrual cramps in subsequent periods. It did not mask pathology: pain recurred promptly if underlying stimulus persisted. Relief of pain was usually immediate; side effects were negligible. Neurophysiologic principles appear to offer a basis for explaining the mechanism of action. Acupuncture is sufficiently promising as an adjunct to standard medical methods to deserve clinical and theoretical investigation.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of acupuncture in 129 patients. 99 21


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