Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adult supraglottitis is an acute inflammation of the supraglottic structures first reported by Shapiro et al. While multiple anatomical sites in the larynx and oropharynx are inflamed, the epiglottis is not always the most involved area. In this paper, we refer to "adult supraglottitis" as "acute supraglottitis" because pediatric supraglottitis is rare in Japan. There have been no reports of acute supraglottitis in Japan to date. We report a clinical study of 15 cases of acute supraglottitis. In addition, we investigated whether acute supraglottitis can be recognized as a special form of acute laryngitis, the same as epiglottitis. Thirteen of 15 patients had severe sore throat or pain on swallowing. Oropharyngeal and laryngeal examinations revealed that the most involved area in the oropharynx and larynx was the aryepiglottic folds and the arytenoids. Five patients with edema extending from the aryepiglottic folds to the arytenoids complained of referred otalgia on swallowing. Strep. Pyogenes, Strep, pneumoniae, alpha-strep., and Staph aureus were isolated from the oropharynx. All patients were hospitalized because of severe presenting symptoms. Treatment consisted of intravenous antibiotics, including piperacillin, clindamycin, flomoxef, aspoxicillin, and cefotiam. Nine patients also received intravenous steroids. Signs and symptoms of supraglottitis resolved within 10 days in every case. No patient required airway intervention. Acute supraglottitis manifested more severe clinical symptoms than acute laryngitis. the local inflammatory findings of this disease were different from those of acute laryngitis and epiglottitis. therefore, we propose that acute supraglottitis is a special form of acute laryngitis.
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PMID:[Clinical study of acute supraglottitis as a disease entity]. 918 30

A two-part study was designed to investigate the effect of tonsillectomy on eustachian tube function and to identify if any change is related to postoperative pain. Middle ear pressure was measured by tympanometry and results were classified as type A (+50 daPa to -99 daPa), type B (flat) or type C (-100 daPa to -350 daPa). Thirty-one patients with type A tympanograms, undergoing tonsillectomy enrolled in study A. Patients had tympanometry the next day and filled in a questionnaire incorporating visual analogue pain scores. In study B, 30 patients underwent a similar protocol and were followed up at 1 week tympanometry and a questionnaire. A control group of 26 patients undergoing appendicectomy was recruited. Follow-up was available on 23 patients from study B. Combining A and B, on the first postoperative day 39% of patients developed type C tympanograms. No member of the control group developed any change in middle ear pressure. There was no significant relationship between pain scores for throat pain or otalgia and the development of negative middle ear pressure. By day 7 all patients had type A tympanograms. Otalgia was a delayed symptom significantly associated with increased throat pain. Transient negative middle ear pressure commonly occurs following tonsillectomy.
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PMID:The effect of tonsillectomy on eustachian tube function. 946 59

This retrospective study examined 20 consecutively treated trauma patients who reported a chief complaint of earache or trauma preauricular pain. These individuals were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), emission study using single photon emission, computerized tomography, and joints auscultation using Doppler sound magnification. There are no statistically significant correlations between clinical findings and imaging studies in trauma patients with complaints of earaches and preauricular pain.
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PMID:Clinical comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear emission imaging in cervical-facial trauma patients. 951 38

Otitis externa malignant (OEM) is a virulent infection if it is not diagnosed and treated promptly. Its mortality rate was reported to be 53% when there is associated facial nerve paralysis. It usually affects elderly diabetic patients, who present with deep-seated pain and other features of non-resolving otitis externa. It is mostly caused by Pseudomonas (P) aeruginosa and the treatment of choice is anti-Pseudomonas antibiotic. A 64-year-old diabetic male patient is described who presented with left ear pain and discharge for two months and did not respond to ordinary treatment. The patient also noticed a progressive facial weakness on the same side. The clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and follow-up of the OEM are discussed on the basis of our case and the review of the literature. The diagnosis of OEM is based on high index of suspicion and confirmed by histopathologic changes and radionuclide studies. Gallium 67 citrate scan is a sensitive way to diagnose and follow up the regression of the disease in response to the medical treatment. Ciprofloxacin is the treatment of choice; however, it has to be in accordance to culture and sensitivity results.
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PMID:Otitis externa malignant. A case report and review of literature. 959 16

For many years researchers and clinicians have been aware of the varying presenting signs and symptoms common in the TMD patient. The symptom-complex frequently includes preauricular pain; cephalgia (predominantly frontal, temporal, occipital, vertex, retro- and periorbital); cervicalgia (immobility/stiffness); otalgia (congestion, vertigo, tinnitus). The most prominent signs are those of joint sounds (popping, click and crepitus due to disc displacement with reduction and/or osseous breakdown); restricted mandibular excursion (disc displacement without reduction); and mandibular deviation/deflection (disc(s) displacement).
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PMID:Facial asymmetry: recognition of TMD. 961 Feb 80

Pain is one of the most troublesome complications of tonsillectomy. The pain appears as throat pain, otalgia, or both, and continues until mucosal recovery on the tonsillar fossae is complete. Some surgical and hemostasis techniques may increase pain. Analgesics, antibiotics, steroids, and local and topical anesthetics are used to relieve posttonsillectomy pain, but none has the desired effectiveness. The pain reliever must not increase bleeding and must have minimal side effects. Sucralfate, a basic amino salt of sucrose octasulfate, binds to the matrix protein of a peptic ulcer and produces a protective barrier. Tonsillectomy leaves two large ulcerous wounds, and sucralfate may bind those wounds as it does peptic ulcers. In this controlled study, the efficacy of sucralfate on posttonsillectomy throat pain, otalgia, analgesic requirement, degree of strength, bleeding, body temperature, and mucosal recovery is investigated in 80 patients. Sucralfate is found to significantly reduce throat pain and analgesic requirement after surgery.
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PMID:Sucralfate for posttonsillectomy analgesia. 985 54

Otalgia is a common symptom in general practice and represents the sensation of pain in the ear. In four patients, three women aged 63, 57 and 37 years, and a man aged 64 years, ear pain was found to be caused by laryngeal carcinoma (two patients), oropharyngeal carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (in a Turkish patient). Referred otalgia is an earache that is caused by a nonotologic source. In many cases it is difficult to identify the underlaying disease of referred otalgia. It may be the first symptom of a head-and-neck carcinoma. In case of otalgia with normal otologic findings, the differential diagnostic process must be specifically directed to the common sensory innervation of the ear and the head-and-neck structures. By carefully taking the patient's history with special attention to epidemiological factors such as smoking and drinking habits, racial traits, a positive family history of head-and-neck neoplasms and accompanying complaints and by performing repeated ENT examination including advanced imaging techniques, long delay in diagnosing head-and-neck cancer can be prevented.
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PMID:[Referred earache; an important symptom of head-and-neck cancers]. 1002 59

A 26-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever, cough, otorrhea and otalgia and progressive hearing loss of her left ear. Smears of her sputum were positive for acid-fast bacilli. Smears of her otorrhea were negative for acid-fast bacilli but PCR of her otorrhea was positive. Chest X-ray showed infiltrative shadows with the cavity. She was diagnosed as middle ear tuberculosis associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. After anti-tuberculous chemotherapy, fever, cough, otorrhea and pain of her left ear were improved, but her hearing level was not improved. In the case of middle ear tuberculosis, it is necessary to make an early diagnosis and treatment. This is the first reported case in Japan in which PCR of the otorrhea is positive.
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PMID:[A case of middle ear tuberculosis; PCR of the otorrhea was useful for the diagnosis]. 1038 35

Headache is very common and it has many different causes. It can be a challenging, difficult, and interesting diagnostic problem. The knowledge of the complex sensory innervation of the ear, nose and paranasal sinuses is important. Heterotopic or referred pain must be differentiated from homotopic pain that is experienced at the point of injury. The nervous pathways of heterotopic otalgia are shown. From the otolaryngologist's point of view, there are multiple causes for the frequent symptom of facial pain and headaches: headaches due to ear diseases: pain extending to the ear region, with special regard to "referred otalgia" involving the cranial nerves V, IX, X; facial pain due to temporomandibular dysfunction; rhinological causes of facial pain and headaches, including posttraumatic trigeminal neuralgia and "facial sympathalgies"; the syndrome of the elongated styloid process. The quality of pain of the most common rhinological and otological diseases is reported. A detailed history and a carefully performed and focussed physical and laboratory evaluation will aid in the complex differential diagnosis.
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PMID:[Otorhinolaryngologic causes of headache]. 1041 48

Two cases of cerebral arterial gas embolism (CAGE) occurred after a decompression incident involving five maintenance crew during a cabin leakage system test of a Hercules C-130 aircraft. During the incident, the cabin pressure increased to 8 in Hg (203.2 mm Hg, 27 kPa) above atmospheric pressure causing intense pain in the ears of all the crew inside. The system was rapidly depressurized to ground level. After the incident, one of the crew reported chest discomfort and fatigue. The next morning, he developed a sensation of numbness in the left hand, with persistence of the earlier symptoms. A second crewmember, who only experienced earache and heaviness in the head after the incident, developed retrosternal chest discomfort, restlessness, fatigue and numbness in his left hand the next morning. Both were subsequently referred to a recompression facility 4 d after the incident. Examination by the Diving Medical Officer on duty recorded left-sided hemianesthesia and Grade II middle ear barotrauma as the only abnormalities in both cases. Chest X-rays did not reveal any extra-alveolar gas. Diagnoses of Static Neurological Decompression Illness were made and both patients recompressed on a RN 62 table. The first case recovered fully after two treatments, and the second case after one treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and bubble contrast echocardiography performed on the first case 6 mo after the incident were reported to be normal. The second case was lost to follow-up. Decompression illness (DCI) generally occurs in occupational groups such as compressed air workers, divers, aviators, and astronauts. This is believed to be the first report of DCI occurring among aircraft's ground maintenance crew.
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PMID:Cerebral arterial gas embolism in air force ground maintenance crew--a report of two cases. 1041 7


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