Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The quality of life of patients with advanced cancer depends to a large degree on the presence of disease or treatment-related symptoms. Anorexia is frequent in cancer patients, but has received less attention than other symptoms such as pain or nausea. Yet, anorexia is important because it reduces caloric intake and leads to malnutrition. Further, lack of appetite can disrupt basic activities of daily living, such as eating, and may also interfere with family and social interactions. To test the efficacy of drugs that reverse anorexia, we need accurate and reliable parameters to quantitate this symptom. The effects of anorexia and its reversal on the patients' clinical progress, food intake, nutritional status, and quality of life need to be evaluated. Our ongoing studies demonstrate that megestrol acetate can reverse cancer anorexia and that appetite changes strongly correlate with changes in weight, food intake, and quality of life scores.
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PMID:Treatment of cancer anorexia with megestrol acetate: impact on quality of life. 214 2

We examined the quality of life in the arterial infusion chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma patients using a questionnaire. The questionnaire used a category scale method of five grades. The questions about the quality of life covered ten areas for investigation (appetite, discomfort pain, nausea, daily activities, sleep, fatigue, time with family and friends, thinking about illness and confidence in the treatment). We added up scale points after one week and those after two weeks after the treatment. Patients after one-shot infusion showed aggravated scale points of anorexia and discomfort. Patients after transcatheter arterial embolization showed scale points of abdominal pain, general fatigue and discouragement about illness. Scale points in matters of thinking about illness and confidence in the treatment informed us about confidence in the course of treatment and comprehension of illness by cancer patients. How do we measure the quality of our care? This is difficult, but we thought the rate of being at home in survival might furnish us with much information in respect to the treatment and the quality of our care. In 36 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial infusion and embolization, the arithmetic mean survival time after treatment was 412.1 days and time at home was 305.6 days. The rate of being at home doing survival time was 74.2% after the arterial infusion chemotherapy in 39 patients. The rate of being at home in 9 cases with one-shot infusion of Adriamycin was 43.5% (111 days); that in 9 cases with infusion of Mitomycin C microcapsules was 86.6% (716 days); that in 17 cases with transcatheter arterial embolization using spongel was 72.0% (234 days),; and that in 4 cases with infusion using implantable reservoir was 84.6% (220 days). In non-resected patients with chemotherapy, the rate of being at home was 20.3% for 61 cases of gastric cancer patients, 30.7% for 11 cases of colon cancer, 9.6% for 14 cases of gallbladder cancer and 39.8% for 112 cases of lung cancer. The arterial infusion and embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma has made it possible to lengthen the time that patients may stay home and thereby assure good quality of life.
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PMID:[Evaluation of quality of life in arterial infusion chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma]. 216 36

Two hundred forty-one elderly depressed patients entered the 8-week, double-blind phase of this parallel-group, multicenter study; 161 patients were randomized to receive sertraline (50-200 mg/day) and 80 were randomized to receive amitriptyline (50-150 mg/day). Among evaluable patients, there were no statistically significant differences between treatments in any of the primary efficacy variables: change in total Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) score (17 items), percentage change in HAM-D score, change in HAM-D Item 1, change in Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Severity score, change in the Depression Factor of the 56-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and the CGI Improvement score at the last visit. Similar results were obtained using data from all patients (intention-to-treat analysis), except that amitriptyline was superior in HAM-D Total score (p = .044). The two drugs produced a similar degree of response: on the basis of the HAM-D criterion, 69.4% of sertraline patients and 62.5% of amitriptyline patients responded, and, on the basis of CGI criterion, 79.5% of sertraline and 73.4% of amitriptyline patients responded. Twenty-eight percent of the sertraline patients withdrew from the study because of a treatment-related side effect and 2.5% (4) because of a laboratory abnormality. In comparison, 35% of the amitriptyline patients withdrew because of treatment-related side effects. Sertraline was associated with a statistically lower frequency of somnolence, dry mouth, constipation, ataxia, and pain and a higher frequency of nausea, anorexia, diarrhea/loose stools, and insomnia; thus, anticholinergic effects were less common and gastrointestinal effects were more common with sertraline than with amitriptyline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Double-blind, multicenter comparison of sertraline and amitriptyline in elderly depressed patients. 225 79

Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma typically present with symptoms that include anorexia, early satiety, and weight loss. Although the disease may already be far advanced at presentation, signs and symptoms from involvement of skeletal muscle are extremely uncommon. In fact, metastatic cancer of any type to the skeletal muscles is rare, and most of these metastases are discovered at autopsy. We report here the case of a 65-yr-old man who presented with complaints of weight loss, early satiety, bloating, and swelling and tenderness in his upper thighs. Endoscopy with biopsy revealed invasive, poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. Biopsy of one of the thigh masses displayed the same findings. The patient initially responded well to an investigational protocol with high-dose 5-fluorouracil, with regression of the thigh masses and palliation of his pain.
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PMID:Gastric adenocarcinoma presenting with soft tissue masses. 229 68

Forty-four patients with advanced, measurable, epithelial carcinoma of the ovary were treated with 97 courses of N-methylformamide (N-MF) at doses ranging from 600-800 mg/m2, intravenously, daily for 5 days every 28 days. Forty-one patients had prior surgery and had received one prior chemotherapy regimen. Only seven patients had received any prior radiation therapy. All patients were Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2. Three partial responses were seen. Hematologic adverse effects were extremely rare as predicted by early clinical trials. One major toxicity was a syndrome consisting of some combination of myalgias, arthralgias, pleuritic pain, abdominal pain, peripheral neuropathy, anorexia, lethargy, and declining performance status (pain-lethargy syndrome) that was reversible with discontinuation of the drug. This adverse effect was as common a reason as hepatic toxicity for discontinuation of N-MF. As reported in previous studies with this drug, hepatic toxicity was also common, usually reversible, and also a cause for discontinuation of the drug. The low level of clinical activity and the unpleasant adverse effects in this population of patients with previously treated ovarian cancer makes it unlikely that this drug will play any significant role in treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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PMID:Phase II study of N-methylformamide (N-MF) (NSC 3051) in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 238 5

Twenty patients with advanced measurable, squamous carcinoma of the cervix were treated with 25 courses of N-MF at doses ranging from 600-800 mg/m2, intravenously, daily for 5 days every 28 days. Nineteen patients are evaluable for toxicity and 17 for response. All patients had prior radiation and had received one prior chemotherapy regimen while only 10 patients had had prior surgery. All patients were Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) performance status 0, 1, or 2. No responses were seen. Hematologic adverse effects were extremely rare as predicted by early clinical trials. One unusual toxicity was a syndrome consisting of pain, anorexia, lethargy, and declining performance status (pain/lethargy syndrome) that was reversible with discontinuation of the drug. This adverse effect was a reason for discontinuation of N-MF in two patients. As reported in previous studies with this drug, hepatic toxicity was also common, usually reversible, and also a cause for discontinuation of the drug. The lack of clinical activity and the unpleasant adverse effects in this population of patients with previously treated cervix cancer makes it unlikely that this drug will play any significant role in treatment.
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PMID:Phase II study of N-methylformamide (N-MF) (NSC 3051) in patients with advanced squamous cancer of the cervix. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. 238 6

Both the systemic and local reactions caused by the immunization with the vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough were studied. Side-effects, 48 hours after the vaccination were determined in 730 children between the ages of two months and five years and 11 months. Over 13% of the children were free from side-effects. Eighty-seven percent of the children immunized showed the following side-effects in percentages of frequency: fever, 66.0%; malaise, 37.8%; loss of appetite, 25.0%; sleep disorders, 20.4%; vomiting, 7.9%; and continuous crying, 7.6%. With respect to local disturbances: pain, 41.6%; reddening, 28.0% and subcutaneous nodules, 20.1%. None of the children had convulsions, hypotonic episodes or immediate neurological damage. Two types of DTP vaccines, one from the Connaught (Canadian) Laboratory and another from the National Institute of Hygiene (Venezuelan) were used. No significant differences were found in the appearance of the side-effects between the both, except for localized pain (P less than 0.01) with the national vaccine. The results obtained in relation to age and the number of doses were: there was a significant increase of localized pain as ages increased (P less than 0.01). There were significantly greater number of localized pain and subcutaneous nodules with greater numbers of doses (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:[Side effects of the vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough]. 239 Jan 82

Eight patients with cystic neoplasms of the pancreas were seen at four Northern California hospitals between the years 1978 and 1986. Three of the tumors were benign and five were malignant. Three females, whose average age was 61 years, had cystadenomas. Three females and two males, whose average age was 48 years, had mucinous cystadenocarcinomas. Clinical presentations were similar among all patients. Abdominal pain was a prominent feature. Anorexia, weight loss, nausea and vomiting with a palpable abdominal mass were seen in five of eight patients. Obstructive jaundice was seen in two of eight patients. Among patients with benign lesions, one lesion was in the head and two lesions were in the tail of the pancreas. The malignant lesions were in the head of the pancreas in three patients and in the tail or body in two. A presumptive diagnosis was made preoperatively on the basis of the clinical, laboratory and roentgenographic findings in seven of eight patients. Of the patients with benign tumors, two are alive and well at seven years and four months and one patient was lost to follow-up study at four years. Among the patients with a malignant condition who underwent operation, resection for cure was performed upon four patients. One patient died postoperatively and the other three patients are alive and well without evidence of a recurrence at three and one-half, four and four years after resection. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed upon two patients and distal pancreatectomy in another. Palliation was attempted in one critically ill patient with an unresectable tumor by longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy. This procedure was not effective in providing pain relief because of obstruction of the pancreatic duct by the viscous mucoid secretion of the tumor. The preoperative diagnosis of these very rare tumors is usually possible roentgenographically, especially with the use of the computed tomography scan. The presence of a thick mucoid secretion of high viscosity is diagnostic of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas should always be resected, if possible, with the expectation of long term survival.
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PMID:Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. 244 98

The care given to 26 dying patients, and their families, being nursed in a hospital where there was no specific terminal care facility was studied. These patients were dying from both malignant and non-malignant disease. Anorexia, sleeplessness, coated or infected mouths, pain, and pressure sores were seen in half of the patients. Fear about caring for the patient at home and lack of information were the problems most frequently identified by the relatives. As a result of this study a multidisciplinary team specialising in symptom control and supportive care has been established. On average half of the total number of patients dying from cancer in the hospital are supported by the team. The number of complaints from relatives of dying patients has been drastically reduced since the team was formed.
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PMID:Survey of distressing symptoms in dying patients and their families in hospital and the response to a symptom control team. 245 15

A retrospective review of 143 cases of carcinoma of the gall bladder is presented. The disease was more common in females in the 5th and 6th decades. Pain, anorexia, weight loss and jaundice were the common presenting symptoms, and hepatomegaly and palpable gall bladder the common signs. Laboratory and radiological investigations were merely confirmatory as the diagnosis in a majority of the cases was clinically obvious. Aspiration cytology and laparoscopic biopsy were of help in obtaining histological diagnosis. Only 47 patients were considered fit enough to undergo laparotomy. In a majority of these patients biopsy alone was possible while palliative procedures were performed in the others. The operative mortality was 18% even in this selected group of patients, due to the poor general condition and the advanced stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Curative resection may be possible and long term survival is expected in incidentally found carcinoma at cholecystectomy. The only hope lies in prevention by prompt treatment of patients with benign biliary disease.
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PMID:Carcinoma of the gall bladder--can we do anything? 269 48


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