Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic pain syndrome must be considered as a psychologic-physiologic disability. The understanding and treatment of chronic pain syndrome comprises a new medical disease model; however, some of the original symptoms are considered to have an underlying organic pathology. Recognition of the need for differentiation between the various forms of pain is paramount to the success of the treatment process. By applying different treatment modalities, we can best prevent acute pain from becoming chronic pain syndrome. Chronic pain syndrome must be treated differently from acute pain; To persist in treating chronic pain syndrome as an acute problem very often leads to unsuccessful treatment results. The appropriate use of medication is an important component in the multidisciplinary approach to chronic pain syndrome. Treatment of chronic pain syndrome has been most successful when a combination of all legitimate treatment modalities available were utilized.
 ...
PMID:Chronic pain syndrome. 614 87

Persistent pain interfering with daily activities is common. Chronic pain has been defined in many ways. Chronic pain syndrome is a separate entity from chronic pain. Chronic pain is defined as, "pain that persists 6 months after an injury and beyond the usual course of an acute disease or a reasonable time for a comparable injury to heal, that is associated with chronic pathologic processes that cause continuous or intermittent pain for months or years, that may continue in the presence or absence of demonstrable pathologies; may not be amenable to routine pain control methods; and healing may never occur." In contrast, chronic pain syndrome has been defined as a complex condition with physical, psychological, emotional, and social components. The prevalence of chronic pain in the adult population ranges from 2% to 40%, with a median point prevalence of 15%. Among chronic pain disorders, pain arising from various structures of the spine constitutes the majority of the problems. The lifetime prevalence of spinal pain has been reported as 54% to 80%. Studies of the prevalence of low back pain and neck pain and its impact in general have shown 23% of patients reporting Grade II to IV low back pain (high pain intensity with disability) versus 15% with neck pain. Further, age related prevalence of persistent pain appears to be much more common in the elderly associated with functional limitations and difficulty in performing daily life activities. Chronic persistent low back and neck pain is seen in 25% to 60% of patients, one-year or longer after the initial episode. Spinal pain is associated with significant economic, societal, and health impact. Estimates and patterns of productivity losses and direct health care expenditures among individuals with back and neck pain in the United States continue to escalate. Recent studies have shown significant increases in the prevalence of various pain problems including low back pain. Frequent use of opioids in managing chronic non-cancer pain has been a major issue for health care in the United States placing a significant strain on the economy with the majority of patients receiving opioids for chronic pain necessitating an increased production of opioids, and escalating costs of opioid use, even with normal intake. The additional costs of misuse, abuse, and addiction are enormous. Comorbidities including psychological and physical conditions and numerous other risk factors are common in spinal pain and add significant complexities to the interventionalist's clinical task. This section of the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP)/Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) guidelines evaluates the epidemiology, scope, and impact of spinal pain and its relevance to health care interventions.
Pain Physician
PMID:Comprehensive review of epidemiology, scope, and impact of spinal pain. 1966 91

Chronic pain syndrome (CPS) is a complex condition that presents a major challenge to physicians because of its unknown etiology and poor response to all kinds of therapies. It has been suggested that chronicity should be considered when pain persists longer than the acceptable healing time. The impact of chronic pain on patients' lives varies from minor limitations to complete loss of independence. The rehabilitation in CPSs is multi-disciplinary and involves physical, occupational, and manual therapy, aquatherapy, cognitive/behavioral therapy, biofeedback, psychotherapy, and some new therapies. In recent years, the point of view in chronic pain management has changed substantially and CPS is managed best with a multidisciplinary approach, including a rehabilitative process. The treatment protocol should be planned and modified individually. A combination of several methods has been tried, but long-term evidence-based studies are needed for new treatment modalities.
 ...
PMID:Evidence based rehabilitation in chronic pain syndromes. 2286 15

Sickle cell disease pain manifests as severe acute pain episodes and a debilitating chronic pain syndrome. Acute pain episodes are the most common reason for health care use; however, acute pain episodes are also frequently managed at home. Chronic pain syndrome develops in 30% to 40% of individuals with sickle cell disease, with an increasing incidence and severity with age. We review the critical aspects of pain management that are integral to the comprehensive approach to sickle cell disease pain and are rooted in the biopsychosocial model. The review focuses on opioid pharmacology and psychosocial comorbidities.
 ...
PMID:Key Components of Pain Management for Children and Adults with Sickle Cell Disease. 2972 87